建立中药材盲样检验机制 有效预防以权谋私

从建立管理制度、完善工作程序、编制作业文件、加强运行监督等方面介绍了药品检验机构新近运行的中药材盲样检验机制,详细介绍了中药材盲样检验工作流程,对中药材盲样检验机制在药品检验机构廉政建设中有效预防以权谋私的作用进行了简要论述。     

柱前衍生化GC法测定旱芹非淀粉多糖中各单糖组分含量

目的建立测定旱芹非淀粉多糖中各单糖组分含量的柱前衍生化GC法。方法非淀粉多糖经衍生化生成糖腈乙酯,采用GC法进行分析。色谱柱:DB-17柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm);柱温:程序升温;载气:N2;进样温度:270℃;进样方式:不分流;检测器温度:270℃;进样量:1.0μL。结果水不溶性非淀粉多糖(insoluble non-starch polysaccharides,INSP)水解后得到7种单糖,分别是:L-(+)-鼠李糖、L-(+)-阿拉伯糖、D-(+)-岩藻糖、D-(+)-木糖、D-(+)-甘露糖、D-(+)-葡萄糖和D-(+)-半乳糖;水溶性非淀粉多糖(soluble non-starch polysaccharides,SNSP)水解后得到6种单糖,除无D-(+)-岩藻糖外,其余均同INSP水解后单糖。结论本方法准确度高,重现性好,可用于测定旱芹水溶性和水不溶性非淀粉多糖中各单糖组分的含量。     

孤束核损毁术后艾灸足三里穴对胃黏膜损伤模型大鼠TNF-α、NO和HSP70表达的影响

目的:观察孤束核捣毁术后艾灸"足三里"穴对胃黏膜损伤模型大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、血清一氧化氮(NO)与热休克蛋白(HSP70)表达的影响,并分析在艾灸保护胃黏膜损伤的神经通路中孤束核所起的作用。方法:将SD大鼠48只随机分为正常组(A组)、模型组(B组)、艾灸+模型组(C组)、艾灸+模型+孤束核损毁组(D组),每组12只,无水乙醇灌胃造成胃黏膜损伤,并用阿司匹林混悬液连续灌胃3d维持损伤(A组予0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃),按Guth法计算胃黏膜损伤指数(UI),采用ELISA法检测胃黏膜细胞凋亡相关因子TNF-α、NO含量,并采用Western-blot法检测大鼠胃黏膜组织中保护蛋白HSP70的含量。结果:B组胃黏膜出现明显损伤,表明采用无水乙醇灌胃及阿司匹林悬浊液灌胃法造模成功(P0.05);C、D组UI指数较B组均有不同程度的下降(P0.01,P0.05),D组UI指数较C组高(P0.01)。C、D组胃黏膜组织中TNF-α含量较B组均有不同程度的下降,NO含量均有上升(P0.05,P0.01);D组胃黏膜组织中TNF-α含量较C组高,而NO含量较C组低(P0.01)。胃黏膜保护蛋白HSP70的表达C、D组较B组均有明显上升(P0.01),同时D组的表达较C组低(P0.05)。结论:艾灸足三里穴对胃黏膜损伤有明显的保护性调节作用,而孤束核损毁后其保护效应受到明显抑制,证明对大鼠足三里穴进行温和灸后产生胃黏膜保护机制非常重要的传导中枢是孤束核。     

活血熄风方对MCAO局灶性脑缺血模型大鼠脑皮质ICAM-1蛋白表达的影响

目的：观察活血熄风方对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的神经保护作用,并进一步探讨其作用机制。方法：采用线栓法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉（MCAO）,制备局灶性脑缺血模型,观察活血熄风方对MCAO模型大鼠脑缺血后相关蛋白ICAM-1表达的影响,以此探讨活血熄风方对脑缺血的神经保护作用机制。结果：活血熄风方能抑制MCAO模型大鼠大脑皮质ICAM-1蛋白表达。结论：活血熄风方对大鼠局灶性脑缺血具有保护作用,其机理可能与活血熄风方影响抑制炎症反应相关蛋白ICAM-1的表达有关。     

Clinical trial on the role of tuina in rehabilitation therapy following total hip replacement

目的：观察推拿在全髋关节置换术后康复治疗中的临床疗效。方法：将60例患者随机分成治疗组和对照组。治疗组30例进行推拿结合康复治疗,对照组30例进行单纯康复治疗。两组均治疗2星期。分别观察两组患者术后7天、术后2星期、术后6星期的改良人工髋关节Harris量表及汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale,HAMA）。结果：Harris量表评分总分,两组组内患者不同时间点多重比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后1天、术后7天及术后6星期两组间比较,差畀均无统计学意义（A,0．05）;术后2星期两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。HAMA量表两组组内患者不同时间点多重比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术后1天两纽间评分无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;术后7天、术后2星期、术后6星期两组间评分均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：单位时间内,推拿结合康复治疗对全髋关节置换术后患者的疼痛、关节活动范围及焦虑等方面的改善作用优于单纯康复治疗。     

Observation on clinical effect of tuina plus Western medication for functional dyspepsia due to liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency

Objective

To observe the clinical effects of tuina plus Western medication for functional dyspepsia (FD) due to liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency.

Methods

total of 72 patients in conformity with the inclusion criteria of FD were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group based upon the random number table, 36 cases in each group. The control group was treated with mosapride citrate dispersible tablets, and the observation group was treated with the same tablets plus tuina. Before the treatment and 4 weeks after the treatment, the clinical symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and depression severity were observed by the scale, and were followed up two months later after the treatment for assessment of the clinical effects.

Results

After the treatment and at the follow-up, the symptom scores of FD and the sores of Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) in both groups decreased, and the scores in Chinese version of quality of life questionnaire for functional digestive disorders (Chin-FDDQL) increased, with statistically significant differences in comparison with the same group before the treatment (all P<0.05). In comparison between the two groups at the same time point after the treatment, the scores of FD symptoms, HAMD and Chin-FDDQL were improved better in the observation group than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The total effective rates at the follow-up were 91.7% in the observation group and 75.0% in the control group, without statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The rate of clinical cure and remarkable effect was 66.7% in the observation group, higher than 41.7% in the control group, it is higher in the observation group than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Tuina plus Western medication is precise in the therapeutic effects for FD due to liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency and can effectively relieve clinical symptoms, elevate the QOL and alleviate depression severity of the patients. Moreover, it’s better than the treatment by Western medication alone in the long-term therapeutic effects.

     

电针治疗轻度认知功能障碍:多中心随机对照研究

目的:验证“通督调髓”电针法干预轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者的临床疗效,拟为针灸临床治疗该病提供循证医学A级证据.方法:采用多中心随机对照试验(RCT)的方法,将192例MCI患者随机分为电针组和尼莫地平组,每组96例.电针组采用电针神庭、百会、四神聪、风池隔日1次;尼莫地平组采用口服尼莫地平每日3次,4周为一疗程,共治疗8周.治疗前、治疗1个疗程和治疗2个疗程后分别进行简易精神状态检查表(minimum mental state examination,MMSE)和图形再认测验,结束治疗后的1个月、3个月和6个月分别采用MMSE量表进行随访评价.结果:电针组的总有效率为50.0％(47/94),优于尼莫地平组的34.4％(32/93,P＜0.05).治疗第1疗程后两组MMSE总评分,认知、记忆和言语维度评分组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);治疗第2疗程后MMSE量表总评分,认知、记忆和视空间技能维度评分两组均有显著提高(均P＜0.01),且电针组优于尼莫地平组(均P＜0.05),但言语维度评分两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).电针组图形再认得分治疗2个疗程后较治疗前显著改善(P＜0.01),并优于尼莫地平组(P＜0.05).治疗后1个月、3个月和6个月的MMSE量表总评分组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01),电针组远期疗效优于尼莫地平组.结论:“通督调髓”电针法和尼莫地平均能显著改善MCI患者的认知功能,电针较尼莫地平更能显著提高MCI患者的综合认知能力和短时记忆能力,且在改善MCI患者认知、记忆和视空间技能维度方面尤佳;在结束治疗后的半年时间内,电针的远期疗效优于尼莫地平.     

Silencing of Nesprin‐2 inhibits the differentiation of myofibroblasts from fibroblasts induced by mechanical stretch

Mechanical force plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar (HTS). Dermal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the key cells involved in HTS. Myofibroblasts in HTS possess different biochemical and biophysical characteristics by which myofibroblasts are often distinguished from fibroblasts. The role of mechanotransducers outside the nucleus in the pathogenesis of HTS has been reported in many studies. However, the role of Nesprin‐2 in HTS is not clear. Hence, we aim to construct a cell model of HTS and explore the role of Nesprin‐2 in this process. Myofibroblasts and fibroblasts were isolated from HTS and healthy skin tissues of the same patient. Fibroblasts were exposed to cyclic stretch with 10% magnitude and a frequency of 0.1 Hz for 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days, respectively. After the cell model was confirmed, fibroblasts transfected with siRNA targeting human Nesprin‐2 were exposed to cyclic stretch. The mechanical behaviour and biochemical reaction of the dermal fibroblasts were analysed. The stretched fibroblasts at day 5 showed the same mechanotransductive and biochemical features as unstretched myofibroblasts. Mechanical strain could induce the myofibroblasts differentiation and a cell model of HTS was established successfully at day 5. The expressions of lamin A/C, alpha‐smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor beta 1, and collagen type I in fibroblasts were reduced by the silencing of Nesprin‐2. Mechanical strain could induce the myofibroblasts differentiation and silencing of Nesprin‐2 could block the mechanical stimulation of terminal myofibroblasts differentiation. Nesprin‐2 might be a potential target to treat the HTS.