腰椎间盘突出症的针灸治疗近况及作用机理探讨

腰椎间盘突出症（1umbar intervertebral discprotrusion，LIPD）是一种临床上常见的疾病，好发于青壮年，发病急骤，病程迁延反复，临床主要表现为腰腿疼痛，下肢活动障碍，严重者可下肢瘫痪，给病人带来极大的痛苦及经济负担。目前关于LIPD的治疗的研究报道很多，总的来说可以分为两大类：手术治疗与非手术治疗，在非手术治疗方法的报道中针灸及以针灸为主的综合疗法占有非常重要地位，西医界一些著名专家也把针灸、触发点（triggerpoint）刺激、药物局部注射视为LIPD最常规的治疗方法。本文就LIPD的针灸治疗近况及作用机理作如下综述。     

无皂乳液聚合法合成均一性聚苯乙烯微球

研究了聚苯乙烯微球的合成过程中，离子强度、聚合时间对粒径的影响及其稳定性，实验结果表明：适当改变离子强度、聚合时间可以得到不同粒径的聚苯乙烯微球，且粒子稳定性较好。     

Infusion manometry and detection of sphincteric function of crural diaphragm

The principles of infusion manometry in the measurement of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were laid down in the mid-1960s by L.D. Harris and his coworkers. Dodds and his colleagues were largely responsible for the improvements and advent of the low-compliance manometry. Using side-hole manometry, it is possible to detect accurate LES pressure that correlates with the strength of the antireflux barrier. The LES pressure as measured by the side-hole manometry, shows respiration-induced pressure oscillations. These pressure oscillations were initially thought to be due to the influence of abdominal and thoracic pressures on the LES. However, it was later pointed out that these pressure oscillations were due to the relative motion of the point pressure sensor (side hole of the manometric catheter) and the LES during respiration. Recent studies suggest that active contraction of the crural diaphragm during inspiration is responsible for the pressure oscillations observed in the cat LES pressure tracings. The use of the sleeve device in the measurement of LES pressure during contraction of the diaphragm has been described recently. Using the principles of manometry and sleeve device, it is now possible to identify two lower esophageal sphincters: the smooth muscle LES, traditionally known as the LES, and crural diaphragm, which we have referred to as the external lower esophageal sphincter. The purpose of the following paper is to summarize the general principles of the infusion manometry in the measurement of intraluminal pressure, specifically the LES pressure. The recently developed technique of detection of the sphincteric function of the crural diaphragm by the sleeve device will be discussed. In the last paragraph the limitations of manometry in detection of the muscular contractile activity are described.     

Late-Onset Superficial Lymphatic Malformation: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

BACKGROUND: Superficial lymphatic malformations are predominantly developmental malformations of infancy, but they may arise at any age. OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient with a late-onset superficial lymphatic malformation. METHODS: Case report and literature review. RESULTS: A 53-year-old woman was evaluated for a colored lesion that developed spontaneously on the anterior abdominal wall. The lesion was treated by surgical excision. Findings on histopathologic examination of the specimen were consistent with superficial lymphatic malformation. There was no recurrence of the lesion at 4 months after the operation. CONCLUSION: Superficial lymphatic malformations can develop in adults spontaneously without the presence of any predisposing condition. Because the majority of such late-onset malformations reported in the literature are localized lesions similar to the one in our patient, surgical removal with inclusion of subcutaneous tissue usually results in cure without recurrence.     

Outbreak of Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection After Soft Tissue Augmentation

BACKGROUND: Illicit soft-tissue augmentation performed in New York City resulted in an outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus infection in 2002. OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of women who developed tender, subcutaneous nodules of the face and buttocks after illicit soft-tissue augmentation with a hyaluronic acid derivative. METHODS: Two case reports are presented, and the literature is reviewed. RESULTS: Empiric treatment with clarithromycin (for M. abscessus infection) and prednisone (for foreign body reaction) resulted in clearance of lesions. CONCLUSION: Contaminated or impure material used for soft-tissue augmentation can result in a clustered outbreak of infection or foreign body reaction.     

Intravenous Pyogenic Granuloma of the Hand

BACKGROUND: Intravenous pyogenic granuloma is the intravasal counterpart of cutaneous pyogenic granuloma. This rare, benign lesion appears clinically as a subcutaneous nodule usually located in the upper extremity or neck in middle-aged people. It is hard to make an exact diagnosis on clinical basis, and there is a risk of recurrence because of undertreatment. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of an intravenous pyogenic granuloma located in the hand and to describe the clinical and histopathologic features of this rare vascular tumor. METHODS: An operation was performed on a 58-year-old female who presented with a small, painless mass in the right palm, and the pathologic examination revealed an intravenous pyogenic granuloma. CONCLUSION: This rare lesion should be differentiated from a regular pyogenic granuloma and should be excised with the vein segment to avoid recurrence.     

水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨的制备及性能分析

Objective: To prepare hydroxyapatite cement (or calcium phosphate cement,CPC) and analyze its capability. Methods: Tetracalcium phospluge (TTCP ) was prepared by the method of high heat. TTCP reacted with in simulated body situation and produced CPC. Its capability was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM), X-ray diffraction( XRD). Its density, absorbing water coefficient, macroporosity and compressive strength were measured also. Results: The main element of CPC is hydroxyapatile (HA), its microstructure comprised of petal crys-tals. The diameter of micropore was 4-10μm, density was 1. 922 g/cm^3, macroporosity was 29. 777%, absorbing coefficient was 15. 503%, compressive strength was 42.70 Mpa. Conclusion: This CPC has three-dimensional spatial structure, its strength meets the need of cancellous bone grafting.