90例毛母质瘤的临床病理分析

对90例毛母质瘤进行分析。结果显示,女性多于男性,男女之比1:2.1。此瘤以20～40岁多见,计43例(47.7％),20岁以下39例(43.3％),40岁以上8例(9.0％)。60％病例伴有钙化,35％有骨化,25.5％有含铁血黄素或黑色素沉着。局部损伤与本病发生相关,故认为局部损伤可能是本病的主要成因之一。对此瘤临床与病理诊断进行讨论。     

子宫内膜异位症患者子宫内膜人白细胞抗原的免疫组化研究

目的 研究子宫内膜异位症(内异症)患者在位和异位子宫内膜人白细胞抗原HLA—DR的表达。方法 采用酶标链霉亲合素—生物素(LSAB)技术对19例内异症不孕患者在位和异位子宫内膜腺细胞HLA—DR抗原的表达进行免疫组化研究，以19例非子宫内膜异位症的不孕患者作为对照。结果 内异症患者在位和异位子宫内膜腺细胞HLA—DR抗原的表达较对照组明显增强(P＜0．01)。结论 子宫内膜HLA—DR抗原的异常表达可能参与了内异症免疫学异常的发生。     

rhGM-CSF对小鼠口腔粘膜损伤的防治作用

目的：探讨rhGM-CSF促进口腔腔溃愈合的作用机制。方法：取体外培养的胎儿口腔粘膜成纤维细胞，用rhGM-CSF刺激成纤维细胞后第2、4、6天用细胞计数及^3H－胸腺嘧啶掺入法（^3H-TdR）测定其增殖情况，结果rhGM-CSF对胎儿口腔粘膜成纤维细胞增殖及DNA合成有刺激作用，在80－100ng/ml时，细胞生长达到最佳状态，过高浓度rhGM-CSF的刺激作用反而下降。结论：rhGM-CSF可以通过刺激成纤维细胞增殖及DNA合成促进口腔溃疡愈合。     

Efficacy of short‐term oral cobalamin therapy for the treatment of cobalamin deficiencies related to food‐cobalamin malabsorption: A study of 30 patients

Background: It has been suggested that oral cobalamin (vitamin B₁₂) therapy may be an effective therapy for treating cobalamin deficiencies related to food‐cobalamin malabsorption. However, the duration of this treatment was not determined. Patients and method: In an open‐label, nonplacebo study, we studied 30 patients with established cobalamin deficiency related to food‐cobalamin malabsorption, who received between 250 and 1000 μg of oral crystalline cyanocobalamin per day for at least 1 month. Endpoints: Blood counts, serum cobalamin and homocysteine levels were determined at baseline and during the first month of treatment. Results: During the first month of treatment, 87% of the patients normalized their serum cobalamin levels; 100% increased their serum cobalamin levels (mean increase, +167 pg/dl; P < 0.001 compared with baseline); 100% had evidence of medullary regeneration; 100% corrected their initial macrocytosis; and 54% corrected their anemia. All patients had increased hemoglobin levels (mean increase, +0.6 g/dl) and reticulocyte counts (mean increase, +35 × 10⁶/l) and decreased erythrocyte cell volume (mean decrease, 3 fl; all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that crystalline cyanocobalamin, 250–1000 μg /day, given orally for 1 month, may be an effective treatment for cobalamin deficiencies not related to pernicious anemia.     

硫代葡萄糖甙对碘代谢和甲状腺的影响

猪饲喂８％～１６％英籽饼日粮，平均每日从日粮中摄入９１９．４２～１４１６．０２ｍｇ硫代葡萄糖甙。在连续饲喂１２０天后，其甲状腺肿大，甲状腺滤泡和甲状腺上皮细胞显著增生，细胞质内缺乏分泌颗粒和溶酶体，细胞顶端密集微绒毛；滤泡腔内胶质周边部具有大量吸收空泡，分泌功能旺盛。Ｔ＿４和Ｔ＿４／Ｔ＿３比值明显升高，甲状腺功能亢进。若日粮中增加给碘量和服用解毒剂，猪甲状腺的组织形态学和超微结构接近正常，Ｔ＿４和／Ｔ＿４／Ｔ＿３比值亦趋于正常。     

氢化可的松对大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞体外分泌TNF-α及释放EAAs的影响

目的观察氢化可的松对体外培养的大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞分泌TNF-α及释放EAAs的影响.方法体外纯化培养大鼠脊髓星形胶质细胞,分为正常对照(C组),LPS终浓度为0.1 mg/L(L1组);LPS终浓度为1 mg/L(L2组);LPS终浓度为1 mg/L及氢化可的松终浓度为10-6mol/L(HC1组),LPS终浓度为1mg/L及氢化可的松终浓度为10-5mol/L(HC2组).分别孵育0,1和2h后取细胞培养液,应用酶联免疫分析方法(ELASA)检测上清液中TNF-α的浓度;用高效液相色谱仪测定各组培养细胞在0,1和2 h时谷氨酸(Glu)、天门冬氨酸(Asp)的释放量.结果在1,2 h时,与C组相比,L1、L2组TNF-α分泌量,Glu,Asp释放量均显著升高(P＜0.05);与L2组比较,HC1,HC2组的TNF-α分泌量降低(P＞0.05和P＜0.05),HC1,HC2组的Glu,Asp释放量降低(P＜0.05).结论氢化可的松在体外抑制脊髓灰质星形胶质细胞分泌TNF-α及释放EAAs,抑制程度与浓度相关.     

Survival of Dairy Cows After Surgery to Correct Abomasal Displacement: 1. Clinical and Laboratory Parameters and Overall Survival

The objective of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory consequences of left and right displacement of the abomasum (LDA and RDA), short‐ and long‐term survival after surgery and the findings in cows, that could not be cured by omentopexy. Data from 564 cases of displaced abomasum (466 LDA, 98 RDA) were analysed retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between the two manifestations of DA. Survival was assessed after 10 days and after 15 months. Necropsy was carried out on cows that died or were killed. On arrival at the clinic, left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) cows had been recognized as diseased for longer. LDA occurred earlier in lactation, and more cows with right displacement of the abomasum (RDA) were pregnant. Overall clinical symptoms were more severe in RDA than in LDA cows. Heart rate was higher, body temperature was lower, inanition, abnormal faeces and ruminal stasis were more frequent in RDA cows. Leucocyte counts were higher, and potassium and chloride levels were lower in RDA cows. Acetonuria was more frequent in LDA cows. More LDA than RDA cows were released from the clinic as cured (82.0% versus 74.5%). However, survival after the early post‐surgical period was similar for RDA and LDA cows. At necropsy, diseases of the gastrointestinal system were the predominant finding in RDA cows, while in LDA cows, diseases of the liver and other concurrent diseases were more important.     

移植肾破裂的处理

目的　提高移植肾破裂的防治水平。方法　 6例移植肾破裂 ,手术前 2例 ,手术后 4例。 2例术前供肾破裂 ,采用切开移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。 1例术后移植肾破裂早期 ,出血少 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物。 3例术后移植肾破裂出血量估计超过 10 0 0ml者 ,采用手术延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。结果　 ( 1)手术前 2例手术后 4例 ,采用切开或者延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾并配合“硝普钠”降压的方法处理 ,均未再破裂出血 ,移植肾功能恢复良好。 ( 2 ) 1例术后移植肾破裂早期的患者 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物 ,非手术治疗成功。结论　 ( 1)采用手术切开或延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾可以有效治疗移植肾破裂。 ( 2 )移植肾破裂出血少的情况下 ,可以在密切观察下非手术治疗