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81.
M. P. FLEMING rn ba ma ycap & C. R. MARTIN rn bs c phd ycap cpsychol csci afbpss 《Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing》2009,16(5):473-480
The psychiatric classification system regarding the discrete category of schizophrenia remains controversial. Key concerns regarding the legitimacy of the classification system for this presentation focus on issues of study design, the relevance and inter-relationship between symptom clusters and the lack of a coherent model of aetiology. A defining summary feature of the psychiatric model is the distinctiveness of psychotic symptoms in those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia compared with non-clinical samples. The current study sought to challenge the prevailing psychiatric system by exploring the occurrence and experience of psychotic symptoms in mental health practitioners who routinely engage in therapeutic work with clients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia. A total of 16% ( n = 19) of the sample indicated that they experienced voice hearing while 21% ( n = 26) indicated they experienced delusions as assessed by validated assessment tools. The findings are indicative of a continuum model of psychotic symptom experience and run counter to the contemporary model of psychiatric classification of this disorder. The direction of future research is indicated. 相似文献
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Gülümser Dolgun rn phd Saniye Cimen rn phd Saadet Yazc rn phd Sevim Savaer rn phd 《Nursing & health sciences》2009,11(2):174-179
This study was conducted to examine the effect of a number of variables related to the mother (age, educational level, employment status, cigarette smoking during pregnancy) and to the baby (sex and birth order) on newborns' birthweight. The research was carried out in the province of Istanbul, one of Turkey's large metropolises, at the Mother–Child Health and Family Planning Center in the district of Yenibosna, where 0–1 month old infants had been brought in for phenylketonuria screening and vaccinations. The mean age of the mothers was 26.1 ± 4.8 years and the mean birthweight of the newborns was 3236.7 ± 542.2 g. Of the infants, 6.3% were classified as having a low birthweight and 8.3% were large infants. The mean birthweight showed a statistical significance depending upon the infants' sex and birth order. The mean birthweight of the infants of the working mothers, as opposed to the unemployed mothers and the mothers in nuclear families, as opposed to the mothers in extended families, was higher. 相似文献
84.
S. SARDANA ma programming assistant S. SHARMA ma assistant director P. SODHANI md deputy director A. SEHGAL md deputy director & B.C. DAS phd fnasc fasc fams fna director 《European journal of cancer care》2009,18(6):620-624
A multidisciplinary study on pre-cancerous and early cancerous lesions of uterine cervix was carried out at our Institute from which the subjects (cases and one group of control) for the present study were selected with the objective to identify the possible risk factors related to high-grade cervical lesions including invasive cancer through an epidemiological study by selecting two different types of controls and to assess the feasibility whether the cancers of other organs could be taken as controls at the same time studying the risk factors associated with cervical cancer. One group of control was women with negative Pap smear and second group of control was the women with breast cancer but negative Pap smear. A total of 100 biopsy-proven cases of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions and Invasive cancer were recruited. The results of the study show that some of the risk factors associated with the cervical cancer get exaggerated when breast cancer cases were used as controls because risk factors of both cancers are opposite to each other. So it is concluded that in order to remove any bias, normal hospital controls or controls selected from multiple cancers should be taken to study the risk factors involved in cervical carcinogenesis. 相似文献
85.
Multiple primary cancer: an increasing health problem. Strategies for prevention in cancer survivors
M.L. LÓPEZ phd professor of preventive medicine A. LANA rn oncology researcher S. DÍAZ rn primary care nurse M.V. FOLGUERAS phd specialist of the pathologic anatomy service coordinator of the tumour registry L. SÁNCHEZ phd pharmacist researcher M.A. COMENDADOR phd professor of genetics E. BELYAKOVA bsc specialist in biostatistics J.M. RODRÍGUEZ md specialist in obstetrics gynecology A. CUETO phd professor of preventive medicine 《European journal of cancer care》2009,18(6):598-605
This study was set to look for associations between the sites of the first and subsequent tumours in patients with multiple primary cancer (MPC) diagnosed from 1975 to 2002 in the reference hospital of a Spanish northern region, and propose prevention strategies. Patient and tumour variables were measured. Crude and standardized incidence rates per 100 000 inhabitants were obtained, and the association between MPC incidence and time was analysed by means of lineal regression. Relative risks were calculated to analyse associations between tumour sites. A total of 2737 MPC cases were registered (male/female ratio = 2). The percentage of MPC with respect to the total cancer increased from 1.78% in the 1975–1979 period to 7.08% in the 2000–2002 period ( R 2 = 0.92; P = 0.003). Great increase of incidence by time was found ( R 2 = 0.90; P = 0.004). Breast, prostate and bladder cancers increase risk of second tumour in female genital organs [RR 4.78 (3.84–5.93)], urinary system [RR 3.69 (2.89–4.69)] and male genital organs [RR 3.76 (2.84–4.69)] respectively. The MPC incidence is increasing. Interventions for MPC prevention, according to the European Code against Cancer, should be implemented early after the first cancer principally if patients suffer breast, bladder, prostate, larynx and colon cancers. 相似文献
86.
C. STRATOPOULOS md phd A. PAPAKONSTANTINOU md phd G. ANAGNOSTOPOULOS md I. TERZIS md G. TZIMAS md phd S. GOURGIOTIS md C. VAMVOUKA md & E. HADJIYANNAKIS md phd 《European journal of cancer care》2009,18(5):466-469
Objective: Patients with Von Recklinghausen's disease (neurofibromatosis type 1) are at increased risk of developing various tumours. However, the coexistence of neurofibromatosis with small-bowel adenocarcinoma is exceedingly rare. We present an uncommon case of neurofibromatosis type 1, involving the small bowel in a 73-year-old man, who was admitted to our department with signs of acute abdomen. At laparotomy, multiple mesenteric and intramural nodules were seen in the distal ileum. These nodules obstructed ileal lumen, while the intestine wall was perforated in one point. A wide resection of the affected ileum together with all visible nodules in the adjacent mesentery was performed. Histology revealed neurofibromatosis type 1 with malignant transformation to small-bowel adenocarcinoma. The patient had no additional therapy. In a follow-up of 2 years, the patient is very well and there was no recurrence of the disease. We suggest that adenocarcinoma of small bowel should be considered in the evaluation of acute abdominal pain in neurofibromatosis patients. 相似文献
87.
MAKOTO HONDA md EINOSUKE KOGA md TOHRU ISHIKAWA TOSHINORI KOBAYASHI md AKIRA SAWA md YASURO TAKAHASHI md YUTAKA HONDA md 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》1997,51(6):387-392
Abstract Four all-night polysomnograms of a 39-year-old male patient with non-24 h sleep-wake syndrome were recorded. We analysed electroencephalograms (EEG) with the power spectrum method and the wave pattern recognition analysis of Fujimori. The EEC of the rest waking condition showed normal patterns. High-voltage diffuse alpha band waves were observed in sleep stages 2, 3 and 4. The integrated area of the alpha band waves in the analysis epochs showed a strong positive correlation to the delta hand components in the power spectrum of the same epoch during sleep (correlation coefficients r = 0.762–0.815). Alpha hand waves during sleep were clearly different from the alpha waves in the rest waking condition, with respect to slower peak frequency and the frontal dominant voltage distribution. 相似文献
88.
89.
TERUO MURAKAMI KUMIKO KOHNO RYOKO YUMOTO YUTAKA HIGASHI NOBORU YATA 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》1998,50(5):459-465
Kidney-specific delivery of p-nitroaniline, sulphamethoxazole and sulphamethizole after either intravenous administration of the L-γ-glutamyl or N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamyl derivatives or the parent drugs has been examined in a rat model. All L-γ-glutamyl derivatives were converted to the corresponding parent drugs within 60 min whereas the N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamyl derivatives were fairly stable in the systemic circulation after parenteral administration. Concentrations of p-nitroaniline and sulphamethoxazole 20 min after administration of the parent drugs were somewhat higher in the kidney than in the liver and lung. The concentration of sulphamethizole in the kidney was dramatically higher than those in the hepatic and pulmonary tissue. Kidney-specific delivery of the drugs of interest was evaluated by determining the tissue concentrations of the released parent drug and the total drug levels (i.e. drug levels after hydrolysis of all conjugate to the parent drug). For L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroaniline released renal levels of p-nitroaniline and total p-nitroaniline concentrations were both higher than those obtained after p-nitroaniline dosing. Use of L-γ-glutamylsulphamethoxazole resulted in higher total sulphamethoxazole concentrations in the kidney, but did not lead to an increase in released (unconjugated) sulphamethoxazole levels. In contrast, no kidney-selective distribution was observed for L-γ-glutamylsulphamethizole. Markedly increased kidney distribution was observed for both N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroaniline and N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamylsulpha-methoxazole and the liver and lung concentrations were correspondingly reduced in comparison with parent drug dosing. Use of the N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroaniline conjugate increased the concentration of p-nitroaniline in the kidney to the same extent as did L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroaniline. In conclusion, N-acetyl-L-γ-glutamyl derivatization of certain compounds seems to be useful for kidney-specific ***drug delivery and preliminary data suggests that lipophilic drugs are better substrates than hydrophilic compounds. Results related to the selectivity of tissue distribution of the derivatives and species differences are discussed. 相似文献
90.