Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: A case report and literature review

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome(BRBNS)is a rare disease characterized by multiple venous malformations and hemangiomas in the skin and visceral organs.The lesions often involve the cutaneous and gastrointestinal systems.Other organs can also be involved,such as the central nervous system,liver,and muscles.The most common symptoms are gastrointestinal bleeding and secondary iron deficiency anemia.The syndrome may also present with severe complications such as rupture,intestinal torsion,and intussusception,and can even cause death.Cutaneous malformations are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment.The treatment of gastrointestinal lesions is determined by the extent of intestinal involvement and severity of the disease.Most patients respond to supportive therapy,such as iron supplementation and blood transfusion.For more significant hemorrhages or severe complications,surgical resection,endoscopic sclerosis,and laser photocoagulation have been proposed.Here we present a case of BRBNS in a 45-year-old woman involving 16sites including the scalp,eyelid,orbit,lip,tongue,face,back,upper and lower limbs,buttocks,root of neck,clavicle area,superior mediastinum,glottis,esophagus,colon,and anus,with secondary severe anemia.In addition,we summarize the epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and therapies of this disease by analyzing all previously reported cases to enhance the awareness of this syndrome.     

Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensitizes human esophageal cancer cell to radiation

AIM:To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress in cancer radiotherapy and its molecular mechanism.METHODS:Tunicamycin(TM) was applied to induce ER stress in human esophageal cancer cell line EC109,and the radiosensitization effects were detected by acute cell death and clonogenic survival assay.Cell cycle arrest induced by TM was determined by flow cytometric analysis after the cellular DNA content was labeled with propidium iodide.Apoptosis of EC109 cells induced by TM was detected by annexin V staining and Western blotting of caspase-3 and its substrate poly ADP-ribose polymerase.Autophagic response was determined by acridine orange(AO) staining and Western blotting of microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3(LC3) and autophagy related gene 5(ATG5).In order to test the biological function of autophagy,specific inhibitor or Beclin-1 knockdown was used to inhibit autophagy,and its effect on cell apoptosis was thus detected.Additionally,involvement of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR) pathway was also detected by Western blotting.Finally,male nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with EC109 cells were used to confirm cell model observations.RESULTS:Our results showed that TM treatment enhanced cell death and reduced the colony survival fraction induced by ionizing radiation(IR),which suggested an obvious radiosensitization effect of TM.Moreover,TM and IR combination treatment led to a significant increase of G2/M phase and apoptotic cells,compared with IR alone.We also observed an increase of AO positive cells,and the protein level of LC3-II and ATG5 was induced by TM treatment,which suggested an autophagic response in EC109 cells.However,inhibition of autophagy by using a chemical inhibitor or Beclin-1 silencing led to increased cell apoptosis and decreased cell viability,which suggested a cytoprotective role of autophagy in stressed EC109 cells.Furthermore,TM treatment also activated mTORC1,and in turn reduced Akt phosphorylation,which sugge     

晶状体在玻璃体切割术中对角膜内皮细胞保护作用的短期观察

目的:观察玻璃体切割术中保留晶状体对角膜内皮细胞的保护作用。方法:选择视网膜脱离合并增生性玻璃体视网膜病变接受了玻璃体切割术的32例32眼患者,其中14例因合并白内障或前段增生性玻璃体视网膜病变术中切割了晶状体,另外18例保留了晶状体。用角膜内皮显微镜测定术前和术后2wk内角膜内皮细胞,观察细胞的形态变化,并对细胞的4项定量指标进行统计学分析。结果:细胞形态学改变以术后无晶状体眼更明显。从细胞参数改变上看,术后4项定量指标有改变,与术前相比,有晶状体眼组差异无显著性(P>0.05);无晶状体眼组差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:玻璃体切割术时,晶状体的屏障功能减少了多因素对角膜内皮细胞的损害,保留晶状体可对角膜内皮细胞产生一定的保护作用。     

Acute interstitial nephritis,toxic hepatitis and toxic myocarditis following multiple Asian giant hornet stings in Shaanxi Province,China

Objectives

During July to October 2013, the Asian giant hornet has killed 42 and injured 1,675 people in the southern part of Shaanxi Province, China. This study investigated this unusual and frequent public health event.

Methods

During the 3 months, 103 patients with severe Asian hornet stings were hospitalized in our hospital. Clinical data were collected using a standardized data collection form which included sex, age, length of hospital stay and medical recorder.

Results

After physical examination and laboratory investigation, 25.2, 46.6 and 44.7 % of the patients were found with varying degrees of acute interstitial nephritis, acute toxic hepatitis and acute toxic myocarditis, respectively. After timely and appropriate treatment including removal of the stings and the use of intravenous methylprednisolone and antihistamines, the kidney function, liver function and heart function of 99 patients recovered within 1 month, while four patients died.

Conclusions

This study provided a good opportunity for recognizing the effect of Asian giant hornet stings and evaluating this serious public health event.

     

玻璃体内注射辅酶Q10对NaIO3诱导的AMD模型小鼠的保护作用

目的　探讨玻璃体内注射水溶性CoQ10对NaIO₃诱导的年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration,AMD）的保护作用。方法　66只昆明小鼠分为3组:对照组、NaIO₃诱导组（小鼠尾静脉注射NaIO₃）和CoQ10修复组,小鼠尾静脉注射NaIO₃后玻璃体内分别注射高浓度（2.0 g·L^-1）和低浓度（0.1 g·L^-1）的CoQ10,注射平衡液做假处理组。在建模后第7天取材,行常规组织切片、HE染色、GFAP染色、Iba1染色,检测NaIO₃诱导的视网膜病变和CoQ10对该种病变的修复效果。结果　注射NaIO₃ 7 d后,HE染色结果显示,NaIO₃诱导组小鼠视网膜外核层每10 μm 长度的细胞数由正常水平（29.13±3.97）个减少至（17.50±4.03）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;GFAP染色结果显示,Müller细胞发生反应性胶质化,与对照组相比每250 μm×250 μm面积的细胞数由（21.17±4.26）个增加至（28.67±2.80）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;Iba1染色结果显示,小胶质细胞呈现出“阿米巴状”的激活形态,每250 μm×250 μm面积的细胞数由（6.71±2.29）个增加至（22.14±3.76）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。分别对NaIO₃诱导组小鼠玻璃体内注射高、低浓度的CoQ10（2.0 g·L^-1和0.1 g·L^-1）后,与假处理组相比,其中注射高浓度CoQ10（2.0 g·L^-1）组外核层细胞数目显著增加（P<0.05）,而低浓度CoQ10（0.1 g·L^-1）组没有显著差异（P>0.05）。并且,Müller细胞反应性胶质化程度减弱,GFAP阳性细胞数恢复至（23.83±3.87）个;小胶质细胞分枝增多,Iba1阳性细胞数恢复至（16.86±3.29）个,与NaIO₃诱导组相比,差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。结论　玻璃体内注射CoQ10可通过减轻Müller细胞的反应性胶质化和抑制小胶质细胞的激活而减缓视网膜感光细胞退化,对AMD起到保护作用。     

颈源性头痛与颈椎曲度的相关性研究

目的:探讨颈源性头痛患者疼痛程度与颈椎曲度变化的相关性。方法:选择颈源性头痛患者126例,对头痛进行VAS评分,摄颈椎正侧位片,测量颈曲弓深、颈椎曲率、颈曲夹角,与头痛评分进行相关性统计分析。结果:颈源性头痛多见于女性(72.2%),中老年多发(73.8%),颈椎曲度异常发生率高(65.9%),不同疼痛程度之间颈椎弓深、曲率、夹角比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),头痛积分与弓深、曲率、夹角呈明显负相关(P<0.01)。结论:颈源性头痛程度越重,颈椎曲度越小,曲度异常可能是头痛严重程度的一个潜在因素,治疗上当重视改善颈椎曲度。     

白介素21的生物学功能与炎症性肠病的研究进展

白介素21(interleukin-21,IL-21)是一种新近发现的细胞因子,与其受体结合后可以调节B细胞的增殖,促进T细胞、NK细胞的增殖、分化并能提高NK细胞杀伤活性.炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种自身免疫性疾病,其发病机制尚不明确,可能有多种因素共同参与,免疫紊乱在IBD发生发展中起着重要作用,多种细胞因子的变化与IBD有关.IL-21就是其中的一种.本文就IL-21及其与IBD关系的研究进展作一综述.     

宁夏角叶蚤属一新记录(蚤目,角叶蚤科)

目的发现并记录宁夏跳蚤种类,丰富医学昆虫资源。方法采用媒介生物学调查方法与形态学镜检分类法,将采集的标本常规保存与制片,鉴定蚤种。结果发现角叶蚤属Ceratophyllus Curtis,1832一新记录,即冥河角叶蚤灰沙燕亚种Ceratophyllus styx riparius Jordan et Rothschild,1920。结论宁夏蚤类不断被发现,对预防控制鼠疫等自然疫源性疾病具有重要意义。