Multi-medium Distributions of HCHs,DDTs, and PCBs in Typical Petrochemical Industrial Area and Surrounding Regions of Jilin Province,Northeast China

The levels of DDTs, HCHs and PCBs in topsoil, cereal and irrigation water from typical industrial and agricultural areas of Jilin Province in Northeastern China were evaluated by using gas chromatography coupled with an electron capture detector. The amount of ∑OCPs and ∑⁷PCBs found in topsoils ranged from 24.7 to 98.0 and 17.2 to 98.7 ng g⁻¹, respectively. The geometric means of ∑HCHs, ∑DDTs and ∑⁷PCBs in rice stem samples were 28.9, 32.4 and 49.0 ng g⁻¹, respectively. The average level of total OCPs concentration in rice field water in Meihekou area (0.849 ng g⁻¹) is higher than that in Jilin area (0.178 ng g⁻¹) and all OCPs concentrations in rice field water met the water quality standards for Grade I regulated by China’s national environmental quality standard of surface water.     

A preoperative nomogram predicts prognosis of up front resectable patients with pancreatic head cancer and suspected venous invasion

Background

Pancreatic head adenocarcinoma is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage when adjacent vascular invasion is present. This study aimed to establish a preoperative prognostic nomogram for patients who underwent attempted curative resectional surgery for pancreatic head cancer with suspected peripancreatic venous invasion.

Intratumoral heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma: From singlecell to population-based studies

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is characterized by high heterogeneity in both intratumoral and interpatient manners. While interpatient heterogeneity is related to personalized therapy, intratumoral heterogeneity(ITH) largely influences the efficacy of therapies in individuals. ITH contributes to tumor growth, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance and consequently limits the prognosis of patients with HCC. There is an urgent need to understand the causes, characteristics, and consequences of tumor heterogeneity in HCC for the purposes of guiding clinical practice and improving survival. Here, we summarize the studies and technologies that describe ITH in HCC to gain insight into the origin and evolutionary process of heterogeneity. In parallel, evidence is collected to delineate the dynamic relationship between ITH and the tumor ecosystem. We suggest that conducting comprehensive studies of ITH using single-cell approaches in temporal and spatial dimensions, combined with population-based clinical trials, will help to clarify the clinical implications of ITH, develop novel intervention strategies, and improve patient prognosis.     

玻璃体内注射辅酶Q10对NaIO3诱导的AMD模型小鼠的保护作用

目的　探讨玻璃体内注射水溶性CoQ10对NaIO₃诱导的年龄相关性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration,AMD）的保护作用。方法　66只昆明小鼠分为3组:对照组、NaIO₃诱导组（小鼠尾静脉注射NaIO₃）和CoQ10修复组,小鼠尾静脉注射NaIO₃后玻璃体内分别注射高浓度（2.0 g·L^-1）和低浓度（0.1 g·L^-1）的CoQ10,注射平衡液做假处理组。在建模后第7天取材,行常规组织切片、HE染色、GFAP染色、Iba1染色,检测NaIO₃诱导的视网膜病变和CoQ10对该种病变的修复效果。结果　注射NaIO₃ 7 d后,HE染色结果显示,NaIO₃诱导组小鼠视网膜外核层每10 μm 长度的细胞数由正常水平（29.13±3.97）个减少至（17.50±4.03）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;GFAP染色结果显示,Müller细胞发生反应性胶质化,与对照组相比每250 μm×250 μm面积的细胞数由（21.17±4.26）个增加至（28.67±2.80）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;Iba1染色结果显示,小胶质细胞呈现出“阿米巴状”的激活形态,每250 μm×250 μm面积的细胞数由（6.71±2.29）个增加至（22.14±3.76）个,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。分别对NaIO₃诱导组小鼠玻璃体内注射高、低浓度的CoQ10（2.0 g·L^-1和0.1 g·L^-1）后,与假处理组相比,其中注射高浓度CoQ10（2.0 g·L^-1）组外核层细胞数目显著增加（P<0.05）,而低浓度CoQ10（0.1 g·L^-1）组没有显著差异（P>0.05）。并且,Müller细胞反应性胶质化程度减弱,GFAP阳性细胞数恢复至（23.83±3.87）个;小胶质细胞分枝增多,Iba1阳性细胞数恢复至（16.86±3.29）个,与NaIO₃诱导组相比,差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）。结论　玻璃体内注射CoQ10可通过减轻Müller细胞的反应性胶质化和抑制小胶质细胞的激活而减缓视网膜感光细胞退化,对AMD起到保护作用。     

新型室内杀虫剂KR—100的药效、毒性测试及杀虫机制的初步研究

目的；研究新型高效长效的室内卫生害虫杀虫剂KR－100。方法：科学配伍拟除虫菊酯类药物，控制药物释放物质，增效剂等。在一定条件下按照一定的工序制备KR－100，测试其药效，毒性，稳定性和长效性，并在扫描电镜下观察KR－100的成膜形态。结果：杀虫剂KR－100具有良好的杀虫效果，且药效稳定，持久，在电镜下显示为多孔样膜状结构。结论：新型杀虫剂KR－100杀虫效果好，药效持久，安全，有良好的开发应用前景。     

血管性痴呆小鼠海马p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶免疫组织化学表达及多奈哌齐的干预作用

目的 探讨盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性痴呆(VD)小鼠海马p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)表达的影响.方法 3月龄雄性昆明小鼠48只,随机分为假手术组、模型组和多奈哌齐治疗组,每组16只.模型组和多奈哌齐治疗组采用双侧颈总动脉线结扎,反复缺血-再灌注法制备VD小鼠模型,假手术组仅暴露双侧颈总动脉而不结扎,且尾部不放血.多奈哌齐治疗组模型制备第2天给予盐酸多奈哌齐3 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)连续灌胃治疗4 w,假手术组、模型组给予生理盐水0.01 ml·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌胃.应用跳台实验和水迷宫实验观察小鼠行为学改变,应用免疫组织化学技术检测小鼠海马p38MAPK的表达变化.结果 多奈哌齐治疗组小鼠学习、记忆成绩较模型组明显提高(P＜0.05),其海马p38MAPK表达明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 盐酸多奈哌齐对海马p38MAPK表达的影响可能是提高VD小鼠学习、记忆成绩的分子机制之一.     

BV2对MSC接受受损PC12上清刺激后神经营养功能影响的研究

目的：观察小胶质细胞（BV2）在骨髓基质细胞（MSC）接受受损PC12上清刺激后，对其神经营养功能的影响。方法：采用原代细胞培养法培养骨髓基质细胞（MSC），以BV2和PC12细胞株分别代表小胶质细胞和神经细胞进行传代培养，应用转移筛网进行BV2与MSC的共育，流式细胞术检测PC12凋亡，透射电镜下进行观察，ELISA检测培养上清中的神经营养因子。结果：小胶质细胞（BV2）和损伤PC12上清同时刺激MSC时，后者分泌的上清能显著降低受损PC12的凋亡数目。结论：小胶质细胞的存在有利于接受受损神经细胞上清刺激的MSC发挥神经营养及神经支持功能。