震后异地治疗伤员及家属的心理健康状况

创伤后应激障碍(post traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)作为重大自然灾害后常见的精神病理表现,对受灾人群的生活质量产生重大影响[1-2].本研究对汶川地震后转至北京老年医院进行救治的地震伤员及其陪护家属(均为受灾者)的创伤后应激障碍的症状进行评估,为心理干预的实施提供依据.     

三种红细胞渗透脆性试验用于地中海贫血筛查的临床应用评价

目的　评价临床上常用的 3种红细胞渗透脆性试验作为临床地中海贫血 (地贫 )筛查技术的准确性及其应用价值。方法　以双盲试验对临床送检的 45 3份血样分别采用 3种红细胞渗透脆性试验、分子筛查手段和铁代谢状态分析检测红细胞溶血率、珠蛋白基因型和缺铁性贫血。结果　以分子筛查方法结合铁代谢状态作为诊断地贫和缺铁性贫血的金标准 ,双管、改良的单管和两管红细胞渗透脆性试验筛查地贫的有效率分别为 90 .3 %、86.8%和 85 .4% ;特异性分别为 99.4%、99.4%和 10 0 % ;敏感度分别为 88.6%、84.3 %和 77.7% ;总的误诊率分别为 9.7%、13 .2 %和 14 .6% ;对孕妇血样漏检率分别高达 2 7.7%、3 4.4%和 3 7.7%。结论　三种红细胞脆性试验均能较好地筛出地贫 ,其中以双管法最佳、单管法次之 ,两管法居末 ,但这些方法均不宜作为妊娠期筛查地贫的技术手段。     

Application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology

Artificial intelligence is a general term that means to accomplish a task mainly by a computer, with the least human beings participation, and it is widely accepted as the invention of robots. With the development of this new technology, artificial intelligence has been one of the most influential information technology revolutions. We searched these English-language studies relative to ophthalmology published on PubMed and Springer databases. The application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology mainly concentrates on the diseases with a high incidence, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related or congenital cataract and few with retinal vein occlusion. According to the above studies, we conclude that the sensitivity of detection and accuracy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy ranged from 75% to 91.7%, for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy ranged from 75% to 94.7%, for age-related macular degeneration it ranged from 75% to 100%, for retinopathy of prematurity ranged over 95%, for retinal vein occlusion just one study reported ranged over 97%, for glaucoma ranged 63.7% to 93.1%, and for cataract it achieved a more than 70% similarity against clinical grading.     

Electron/energy co-transfer behavior and reducibility of Cu-chlorophyllin-bonded carbon-dots

Cu-chlorophyllin-bonded carbon dots (CCPh-CDs) have been synthesized at room temperature, and the energy/electron co-transfer behavior between Cu-chlorophyllin molecules (CCPh) and carbon dots (CDs) is investigated via various techniques. The mean diameters of CDs and CCPh-CDs are 2.8 nm and 3.1 nm, respectively, measured by HRTEM. The absorption spectra of CCPh-CDs show two parts: the absorptions of CDs and CCPh are in the wavelength range of 300–500 nm. The PL spectra of CCPh-CDs exhibit very weak intensities, and with the decreasing of CCPh content on CDs, the corresponding intensity increases. Luminescent decay spectra show that the PL decay times of CCPh and CCPh-CDs with the highest CCPh content are single-exponentially fitted to be 3.20 ns and 12.64 ns, respectively. Furthermore, based on the electron transfer and reducibility of CCPh-CDs, Ag/Ag₂O nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 10 nm can be easily prepared at room temperature under ultraviolet irradiation. The PL measurement result reveals that both electron transfer and FRET behavior take place from CCPh-CDs to Ag.

Cu-chlorophyllin-bonded carbon dots (CCPh-CDs) with/without Ag/Ag₂O (CCPh-CD-Ag) were obtained and investigated by optical measurements and luminescence decay spectroscopy.     

Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 6 cases

Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC) is a newly described variant of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) which is composed mainly of cells with clear cytoplasm arranged in cystic and papillary patterns. We report the clinicopathologic features, prognosis and differential diagnosis of 6 Clear Cell Papillary Renal Cell Carcinomas. The clinical information and follow-up data were analyzed. The patients were six males with median age of 52.5 years. Case 1 revealed dense calcification and ossification. Cases 2 and 3 contain a variably prominent smooth muscle stromal component. CA-IX, CK7, PAX-8 and VIM were positive in all cases. TFE3 and AMACR were not expressed in any tumor. CD10 was negative in 5 of 6 cases .The patients were followed for 13~55 months with no local tumor recurrences and tumor metastasis. The CCPRCC was associated with a more favorable outcome. These were low-grade and low-stage renal tumors. No lymph node or distant metastasis of the six tumors.     

补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗气阴两虚兼血瘀型非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变

目的:观察补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗气阴两虚兼血瘀型非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变疗效及对患者中医证候和视功能水平的影响.方法:选取2017-01/2019-12期间我院气阴两虚兼血瘀型非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变患者110例,进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方式分为观察组55例110眼、对照组55例110眼,对照组参考相关指南根据患者病情程度予以常规治疗,观察组患者在此基础上联合补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗.比较两组患者治疗3mo临床疗效,治疗前、治疗3mo中医证候积分,临床指标(黄斑水肿情况评分、黄斑视网膜体积、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度),视功能(最佳矫正视力、视野平均敏感度),以及血清生化指标[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)].结果:治疗3mo后,观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3mo后,两组患者中医证候积分均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3mo后,两组患者黄斑水肿情况评分、黄斑视网膜体积、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度均较治疗前减小,且观察组小于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3mo后,两组患者最佳矫正视力、视野平均敏感度均较治疗前改善,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3mo后,两组患者血清VEGF、HIF-1水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗气阴两虚兼血瘀型非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变疗效确切,可能通过降低VEGF、HIF-1表达改善症状,促进视功能恢复.     

乙型肝炎病毒感染对妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症的影响

目的:探讨无症状乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染对妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)的发生率、临床表现、妊娠结局的影响。方法:对3622例孕妇检测乙型肝炎血清学、肝功能、血总胆汁酸,并分析症状、妊娠结局,比较HBV血清学阳性孕妇与阴性孕妇ICP的发生和转归差异。结果:3622例孕妇中HBV感染率7.9%。HBV感染孕妇ICP的发生率为10.1%,明显高于无HBV感染的孕妇ICP的发生率3.9%(P<0.001)。HBV感染者肝功能和血总胆汁酸的变化与无HBV感染比较,差异无统计学意义。有HBV感染者ICP发病和终止妊娠的时间明显早于无HBV感染者,且早产率亦高于后者(均为P<0.05),但两者终止妊娠的方式无统计学差异。结论:无症状HBV感染孕妇ICP发病率增加,发病早,且更易发生早产,临床应加强监测。     

动脉僵硬度与卒中的关联研究进展

虽然卒中的诊断和治疗水平已有了很大进步,但是卒中的患病率、医疗费用和死亡率却持续增加。卒中的本质在于血管病变,动脉僵硬度能反映早期血管壁结构和功能的损伤。对血管病变的早期发现和干预是预防卒中的最重要措施。本文将介绍动脉僵硬度及其与卒中的关联研究进展。