hs-CRP和髓样细胞触发受体-1在肺炎细菌感染检测中的应用

目的 考察超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和髓样细胞触发受体-1(myeloid cell trigger receptor-1 TREM-1)在肺炎细菌感染检测中的应用效果.方法 收集健康体检者50例,非细菌感染性肺炎患者50例,细菌感染性肺炎患者100例,比较三组间患者hs-CRP和髓样细胞触发受体-1表达水平.结果 方差分析显示,三组间血清hs-CRP和TREM-1水平差异均具有统计学差异(P＜0.05),其中感染组患者血清hs-CRP显著高于健康组,细菌感染组患者血清TREM-1水平显著高于健康组和非细菌感染组(P＜0.05).进一步比较不同病情患者血清hs-CRP和TREM-l水平可知,随着疾病严重程度增加,患者血清hs-CRP和TREM-1水平也随之增高,两者均有显著相关性(P＜0.05).两指标联合应用对细菌性感染肺炎的诊断灵敏度为97％、特异性99％.结论 血清hs-CRP和TREM-1水平可以有效反应细菌性感染肺炎患者病情并且是良好的潜在诊断指标.     

输注器具铅镉含量能力验证

目的通过输注器具铅镉含量能力验证计划评价医疗器械检验机构,为提高实验室检测能力提供指导。方法依据CNAS-CL03:2010《能力验证提供者认可准则》策划并实施本次能力验证。采用模拟输注器具溶出液作为样品,根据随机原则发放给参加者,要求参加者按照作业指导书规定的步骤采用原子吸收分光光度法测定样品中铅镉含量。通过计算专家实验室公仪值获得指定值,计算上一轮次结果的散度作为能力评定标准差。结果全国共有30个省的58家实验室参加,其中39家结果满意,18家不满意,1家退出。通过结果分析参加者应在3个方面提高检验能力,一是设备核心部分加强维护保养,二是按照SOP进行试验操作,三是加强环境监控避免干扰。结论客观准确地评价了全国医疗器械检验机构铅镉含量项目的检验能力,发现并分析了问题,为实验室提高检验能力提供指导。     

c-Kit mutation reduce intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and migration,but not influence intestinal permeability stimulated by lipopolysaccharide

The proto-oncogene c-kit, as a marker of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in the gastrointestinal tract, plays an important role in the ICCs. Although limited evidences showed c-kit is present in the colonic epithelium but its roles remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the expression, location and function of c-kit in the intestinal epithelium. Immunofluorescence, western blotting, and RT-PCR were performed to detect the expression and location of c-kit in the intestinal mucosa of WT mice. We investigated intestinal epithelial proliferation and migration in vivo by performing 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and Ki-67 staining in WT and Wads ^m/m mice. An Ussing chamber with fluorescein-isothiocyanate dextran 4000 was used to detect the transepithelial electric resistance (TER), short circuit current (ISC) and permeability across ex vivo colon segments under control and endotoxaemia conditions. We demonstrated that c-kit was located and expressed in the gut crypt compartment in WT mice, which was demonstrated in the c-kit mutant mice (Wads ^m/m). In addition, both the number of proliferating cells and the percentage of the distance migrated were lower in the Wads ^m/m mice than those in the WT mice. Moreover, the intestinal permeability, TER and tight junction were unaltered in the Wads ^m/m mice under endotoxic conditions compared with those in both the control condition and the WT mice. Altogether, these observations imply that the expression of c-kit in the colonic epithelium is involved in the proliferation and permeability of the colonic epithelium.     

CFTR氯通道在硫化氢诱导的心肌保护及细胞增殖中的作用

目的： 探讨囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子（CFTR）氯通道在硫化氢（H2S）诱导的心肌保护及细胞增殖中的作用。方法：应用氯化钴（CoCl2）在大鼠H9c2心肌细胞建立化学性缺氧损伤心肌细胞实验模型;CCK-8试剂盒检测心肌细胞存活率;Hoechst 33342核染色法检测心肌细胞凋亡。结果：在400-2 000 μmol/L浓度范围内,CoCl2呈剂量依赖性地抑制H9c2心肌细胞的存活率,600 μmol/L CoCl2 能诱导H9c2心肌细胞产生明显的凋亡;在100-800 μmol/L浓度范围内,硫氢化钠（NaHS）呈剂量依赖性地促进H9c2心肌细胞增殖;NaHS能保护H9c2心肌细胞对抗CoCl2引起的细胞损伤作用,使细胞存活率升高,凋亡率降低;100 μmol/L CFTR氯通道拮抗剂5-硝基-2-（3-苯丙胺）-苯甲酸（NPPB)能明显地阻断NaHS对CoCl2的细胞毒性的抑制作用,但不能阻断NaHS抗心肌细胞凋亡作用及促进心肌细胞增殖作用。结论：CFTR氯通道可能参与H2S的抗CoCl2引起的心肌细胞毒性作用。     

免疫酶法与ELISA法检测EB病毒VCA-IgA的比较

为探讨免疫酶法与ELISA在鼻咽癌诊断中的临床价值,检测鼻咽癌组患者与健康对照组血清EB病毒壳抗原抗体,并对两种检测方法的结果进行分析。结果表明：177例鼻咽癌患者中,免疫酶法检测EB-VCA-IgA阳性率高92．1％（163／177）,而国产试剂和进口试剂ELISA法检测结果阳性率都较低,分别为65．0％（115／177）和67．2％（119／177）,有显著性差异（P〈0．005）;在90名对照组血清EB-VCA-IgA,免疫酶法的阴性率为100％（90／90）,ELISA法中的国产和进口试剂的阴性率分别为：98．9％（89／90）和95．6％（86／90）,无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。为此免疫酶法检测EB-VCA-IgA的灵敏度较高,更适合用于鼻咽癌的普查、协助诊断等,具有实际临床意义。     

重组腺病毒载体vAd-tat的构建及其在细胞中的表达

目的 构建含HIV-1 tat基因重组腺病毒,观察在不同细胞中外源蛋白Tat的表达,作为DC抗HIV疫苗的基础.方法 通过PCR扩增,获得HXB2 tat的cDNA片段,定向克隆入腺病毒转移载体pTrack-CMV,线性化后转化含有腺病毒骨架pAd-easy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183,获得同源重组的质粒prAd-tat,Pac Ⅰ酶切纯化后转染293细胞,包装成具有感染力的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒vAd-tat.结果 经PCR、酶切及DNA序列测定,插入片段大小、方向正确,获得具有感染力的含有HIV-1 tat基因的重组腺病毒;通过Western blot方法 检测,重组腺病毒在293细胞中表达出Mr,为15 000的蛋白.结论 成功构建了含有HIV-1 tat基因的腺病毒,并观察到该基冈在细胞中的表达.     

带有双侧部分输尿管的猪膀胱模型在宫腔镜培训中的应用

目的　为获得最大程度模拟人类子宫的宫腔镜精细电切培训用模型。 方法　获取带有双侧部分输尿管的猪膀胱,指导学员进行宫腔镜手术技巧的培训（实验组模型）,同期使用传统的培训模型四腔猪心（对照组模型）,考核为双向性,指导教师以考核内容进行打分,学员则填写调查问卷来评价模型。 结果　3站宫腔镜手术模拟培训中,两组模型训练学员的成绩及学员对模型的评价均有统计学差异（P<0.05）,认为膀胱模型膨起度良好,视野清晰,便于辨识解剖结构,能够更逼真模拟宫腔实际操作的困难状况。 结论　猪膀胱因其最大程度模拟人类子宫及其术中实际困难情境,是宫腔镜技术培训的理想模型。     

An inactivated recombinant rabies CVS-11 virus expressing two copies of the glycoprotein elicits a higher level of neutralizing antibodies and provides better protection in mice

The rabies virus (RABV) G protein is the primary contributor to the pathogenicity and protective immunity of RABV. In this study, we generated a recombinant rCVS-11-G strain containing two copies of the G protein derived from the pathogenic wild-type (wt) CVS-11 strain and based on its infectious clone. Compared with the wtCVS-11 strain, the rCVS-11-G strain possessed a larger virion and 1.4-fold more G protein, but it exhibited a similar growth property to the rCVS-11 strain, including passaging stability in vitro. qPCR results showed that the two G genes were over-expressed in BHK-21 cells infected with the rCVS-11-G strain. However, the rCVS-11-G strain presented an 80 % lower LD₅₀ than the wtCVS-11 strain when intracranially (i.c.) inoculated in adult mice. Adult mice that were either intracranially (i.c.) or intramuscularly (i.m.) inoculated with rCVS-11-G strain developed more acute neurological symptoms and greater mortality than those inoculated with the wtCVS-11 strain. Furthermore, the rCVS-11-G strain was more easily and rapidly taken up by neuroblastoma cells. These data indicated that the rCVS-11-G strain might have increased neurotropism because of the over-expression of the pathogenic G protein. The inactivated rCVS-11-G strain induced significantly higher levels of virus neutralization antibodies and provided better protection from street rabies virus challenge in mice. Therefore, the rCVS-11-G strain may be a promising inactivated vaccine strain due to its better immunogenicity.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in esophageal and cervical cancers in the high incidence area for the two diseases from 2007 to 2009 in Linzhou of Henan Province,Northern China

The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer has been well established. However, it is inconclusive whether HPV plays the same role in esophageal carcinogenesis. In this study, we detected HPV infection in 145 frozen esophageal tissues, including 30 normal epithelium (ENOR), 37 dysplasia (DYS) and 78 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and in 143 frozen cervical tissues composed of 30 normal epithelium (CNOR), 38 intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 75 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The patients and symptom-free subjects enrolled in this study were from a high-incidence area for both ESCC and CSCC, Linzhou City, Northern China, from 2007 to 2009. The HPV infection analysis was conducted by using an HPV GenoArray Test Kit. We found that the high-risk HPV types accounted for more than 90 % of the HPV-positive lesions of esophagus and cervix tissues. The prevalence of high-risk HPV types increased significantly during the progression of both esophageal and cervical carcinogenesis (positive rate in esophageal tissues: 33 % ENOR, 70 % in DYS and 69 % in ESCC; positive rate in cervical tissues: 27 % in CNOR, 82 % in CIN and 88 % in CSCC; P < 0.001, respectively). Infection with the high-risk HPV types increased the risk for both DYS and ESCC by 4-fold (DYS vs. ENOR: OR = 4.73, 95 %CI = 1.68-13.32; ESCC vs. ENOR: OR = 4.50, 95 %CI = 1.83-11.05) and increased the risk for both CIN and CSCC by 12-fold and 20-fold (CIN vs. CNOR: OR = 12.18, 95 %CI = 3.85-38.55; CSCC vs. CNOR: OR = 20.17, 95 %CI = 6.93-58.65), respectively. The prevalence of high-risk types in ESCC patients was lower than that in CSCC patients (P = 0.005) and was significantly associated with the degree of ESCC tumor infiltration (P = 0.001). HPV 16 was the most prevalent subtype in both esophageal and cervical tissues. Single HPV infection increased significantly along with the progression of ESCC and maintained a high level in cervical tissues, regardless of whether they were CNOR or CSCC tissues. Our results showed that infection with HPV, especially the high-risk types, was positively associated with both esophageal and cervical cancers, suggesting that HPV also plays a role in the etiology of ESCC in the high-incidence area.