Hepatic metastases from breast carcinoma: comparison of noncontrast, arterial-dominant, and portal-dominant phase spiral CT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to determine the relative value of noncontrast (NC), arterial-dominant (AD), and portal-dominant (PD) phase images in spiral CT of the liver for breast cancer metastases. METHOD: Forty-four spiral CT scans in 18 patients with hepatic metastases from breast cancer were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. Subjective evaluations of overall lesion conspicuity and margination were graded on a 5 point scale for NC, AD, and PD phase images, and the three phases were also ranked for demonstration of overall tumor volume. Those scans with hypervascular lesions were separately analyzed, resulting in three groups (all, hypervascular, hypovascular). RESULTS: For lesion conspicuity and margination for the entire study group, AD phase images showed the lowest grades (1.97 and 1.83), whereas the PD phase showed the highest grade (3.34 and 3.14; p < 0.0001) followed by NC (2.36 and 2.42; p < 0.0001). For the hypervascular subgroup, the AD phase also showed the lowest grades (2.39 and 2.24). In no case did the AD phase show more lesions than the combination of NC and PD phases. For depiction of overall tumor volume, the AD phase had the lowest ranking (2.51) compared with the NC and PD phases (1.71 and 1.78; p < 0.001). For the hypervascular subgroup, the AD phase had the lowest ranking (2.33) compared with the NC and PD phases (1.39 and 2.27; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The AD phase is not required for lesion detection in spiral CT for hepatic metastases from breast carcinoma. The NC phase depicts the maximal tumor volume.     

Pyometra as a lower abdominal doughnut sign on a Ga-67 scan

A 77-year-old woman was referred for Ga-67 scan to evaluate intermittent fever and chills that had lasted more than 20 days. The Ga-67 whole-body scan revealed a doughnut-shaped Ga-67 accumulation in the lower abdominal region. Combined Ga-67 and Tc-99m MDP bone scan confirmed that this activity was in the uterus, because the shape of the urinary bladder on bone scan was different from that of the Ga-67-avid lesion. Pyometra was proved during operation, and pus culture was performed.     

磺胺噻唑鱼肝油乳剂的制备及质量控制

目的:介绍磺胺噻唑鱼肝油乳剂制备方法及质量控制.方法:采用三波长分光光度法.结果:经过系列波长筛选,最后确定该制剂的测定组合波长为297,290,263 nm.结论:磺胺噻唑鱼肝油乳剂稳定、制备简便,质量控制方法准确.     

血清中异丙酚的HPLC测定

建立了检测血清中异丙酚的反相高效液相色谱-荧光法.血清样品经含内标百里酚的丙酮溶液直接沉淀后,采用KR100-5 C18柱,甲醇-0.1%三氟醋酸溶液(80:20)为流动相,荧光激发波长为276nm,发射波长为307nm.异丙酚在0.05～12.8μg/ml范围内与峰面积比线性关系良好.检测限为150pg,异丙酚和百里酚的提取回收率均大于90%,批内、批间精密度为1.11%～6.88%.     

氟罗沙星治疗细菌性感染的药物经济学研究

目的:评价氟罗沙星和氧氟沙星治疗细菌性感染的经济性.方法:治疗组患者35例,使用氟罗沙星0.3 g,静脉滴注,1次/d共10.5 d;对照组患者32例,使用氧氟沙星0.3 g,静脉滴注,2次/d,共10.5 d.运用药物经济学的成本-效果分析方法进行评价.结果:2种方案的成本-效果比(C/E)分别为22.87,20.43,效果(以有效率表示)分别为91%,84%(P＞0.05).结论:氧氟沙星经济性最佳,氟罗沙星市场价格太贵,建议厂商重新考虑市场的药品定价策略.     

祁门红茶抗氧化有效成分的研究

祁门红茶有较强的抗芥花子油氧化的活性.从祁门红茶乙酸乙酯部位,使用硅胶柱层析,结合Sephadex LH-20柱层析方法,分离得到了四个抗氧化有效成分,分别为茶黄素(Theaflavin,TF1)、茶黄素A(Theaflavin-3-galate,TF2A)、茶黄素B(Theaflavin-3'-gallate,TF2B)和茶黄素双没食子酸酯(Theaflavin digallate,TF3).     

Association between interleukin-10 genetic polymorphisms and risk of primary open angle glaucoma in a Chinese Han population: a case-control study

AIM: To investigate the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) genetic polymorphisms and risk of POAG through a case-control study in a Han population of China. METHODS: A total of 210 patients with POAG and 420 normal subjects were recruited during the period from Dec. 2013 to Dec. 2016. The IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800870), -819T>C (rs1800871) and -592C>A (rs1800872) polymorphisms were determined using iPlex GOLD SNP genotyping analysis (the SequenomMassARRAY® System, Sequenom, San Diego, USA). The association between IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800870), -819T>C (rs1800871), and -592C>A (rs1800872) polymorphisms and risk of POAG was assessed by singlelogistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We observed that those carrying the CC genotype of rs1800871 was associated with an increased risk of POAG when compared with those harboring the TT genotype (OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.01-3.38). Those with AA genotype of rs1800872 had a 10.62 fold risk of POAG in comparison to the CC genotype (OR=10.62, 95%CI, 3.41-33.09). A completely linkage disequilibrium was found between IL-10 rs1800871-rs1800872 (D’=1.00, r2=0.16). The A-C-A (OR=2.60, 95%CI, 1.48-4.58) and G-T-A (OR=2.34, 95%CI, 1.42-3.86) haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of POAG, while the A-T-C haplotype showed a decreased risk of POAG (OR=0.63, 95%CI, 0.49-0.81). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that IL-10 rs1800871 and rs1800872 can be predictive factors for the pathogenesis of POAG in the Chinese population.     

Different classes of antibiotics exhibit disparate negative impacts on the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients

It has been reported that antibiotics (ATBs) have adverse effect on the efficacy of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Since different classes of ATBs have different antibacterial spectrum, we aimed to study whether all ATBs had similar or different negative effects on the clinical outcomes of ICIs in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with advanced NSCLC who received ICIs were included in this retrospective study and grouped by the class of ATBs they had used around the ICIs treatment time. The overall survival (OS) and the progression free survival (PFS) of patients among these groups were compared using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 148 eligible patients were enrolled, and 80 patients used ATBs. The results indicated that quinolones had no significant negative consequence on the clinical outcomes, while β-lactams significantly shortened the OS and PFS of patients. Furthermore, patients exposed to the combination of β-lactams and quinolones suffered the worst OS and PFS. Moreover, the subgroup analysis of β-lactams revealed that only penicillins, but not carbapenems and cephalosporins, markedly reduced both OS and PFS. In addition to the class of ATBs used, the time frame of ATBs used also affected the clinical outcomes of ICIs therapy. Patients receiving ATBs within 60 days prior to and 30 days after the initiation of ICI treatment had significantly shorter OS and PFS compared with those who did not use ATBs. This study demonstrated that different classes of ATBs had disparate negative impacts on the clinical outcomes, and the use of β-lactams, especially penicillins, should be avoided in advanced NSCLC patients who are receiving or scheduled to receive ICIs within 60 days.     

澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位人才培养现状及启示

通过比较我国与澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位研究生人才培养项目在办学规模、师资情况、教育模式、课程设置、临床实践与评估、毕业要求方面的现状,提出了立足我国实际的教学改革建议,为完善具有中国特色的护理硕士专业学位研究生教育培养体系,培养健康中国建设所需要的高级护理人才提供参考。