Die Behandlung der Apophysenabrissverletzung des Epicondylus ulnaris im Kindesalter

OBJECTIVE: Surgical reduction and retention of apophyseal avulsion injuries at the medial epicondyle to prevent joint instability, lasting malalignment, or pseudarthrosis. INDICATIONS: Absolute: intraarticular apophyseal dislocation of the medial epicondyle, complete lesion of the ulnar nerve. Relative: dislocation of the apophysis (> 4 mm) in children > 5 years of age; the need for intervention increases in children as the degree of dislocation, age, and athletic activity increase. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Dislocation of the medial epicondyle (< or = 4 mm) in children < 5 years of age, provided the fragment location is not intraarticular. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Open reduction of the apophysis through a medial approach. Identification of the ulnar nerve. In young children or with small fragments fixation with Kirschner wire. Screw fixation in older children or for larger fragments. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Long upper-arm plaster cast until wound healing is achieved. Subsequently, upper-arm plaster cast for 3 weeks. Removal of Kirschner wires after 4-6 weeks, screw removal after 8-12 weeks. Physiotherapy only if marked reduction of elbow mobility is found 6 weeks after cast removal. RESULTS: From January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2003, 25 children with an average age of 12 years suffering from medial epicondylar avulsion fractures were operated on using open reduction and Kirschner wire fixation. An average of 3 years after the injury 14 of these children underwent follow-up examination using a procedure that took subjective, clinical and radiologic parameters into account. Two children showed a slight reduction in overall strength of the injured extremity when compared with the contralateral extremity. One child had a flexion deficit of 10 degrees, all other children showed movement limitations of < or = 5 degrees compared to the contralateral extremity. In all the cases available to follow-up, there was a slight increase in valgus alignment of the elbow joint compared with the uninjured side (3 degrees on average). All fractures consolidated within 6 weeks.     

参麦注射液治疗老年哮喘临床分析

目的探讨参麦注射液治疗老年哮喘的临床价值。方法选择60例老年哮喘，随机分为参麦治疗组和常规对照组进行临床观察。结果参麦组肺功能（FVC、FEVI、VC、FEV％）在治疗后较治疗前明显增加，并有显著差异（p＜0.01）；对照组治疗前后对比差异无显著性（P＞0.05）；两组组间比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。参麦组临床疗效及总有效率明显优于对照组（p＜0.01），差异十分显著。结论参麦注射液对改善老年哮喘肺功能及缓解哮喘症状有较好疗效。     

氯米帕明和米氮平治疗抑郁症的疗效比较

目的比较氯米帕明和米氮平治疗抑郁症的疗效。方法80例门诊抑郁症患者随机分为氯米帕明和米氮平治疗组,疗程8周,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD),临床疗效总评量表(CGI)和副反应症状量表(TESS)在治疗前及治疗后第2、4、8周末行评定。结果治疗8周后氯米帕明组和米氮平组HAMD减分率分别为71．89%和71．74%,两组治疗前、后比较差异均有显著性(P＜0．01),但两组间比较差异无显著性(P＞0．05)。氯米帕明副反应发生率33．25%,米氮平22．21%两组间比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论米氮平治疗抑郁症疗效与氯米帕明相当,副反应轻。     

血浆血栓素B2和6-酮-前列腺素F1α水平与新生儿窒息关系

为观察不同程度窒息新生儿血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)含量变化及其规律,选择对照组20例,轻度窒息组19例,重度窒息组21例,均在生后6 h内取股静脉血2 ml,进行放射免疫分析.结果TXB2及其与6-Keto-PGF1α比值在对照组分别为(202.42±53.91)pg/ml、1.81±0.61,轻度窒息组分别为(646.29±121.66)pg/ml、3.73±1.27,重度窒息组分别为(1443.27±254.61)pg/ml、6.83±2.39,三组方差分析,组间差异有显著性(F值分别为286.19,49.78,P＜0.001);6-Keto-PGF1α升高,三组分别为(117.22±33.14)Pg/ml、(184.73±52.65)pg/ml、(223.45±63.48)pg/ml(P＜0.05).提示窒息新生儿血浆TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1α含量及两者之比明显升高,重度窒息组比轻度窒息组升高明显;与对照组相比,其升高程度与窒息程度有关.     

老年高血压患者脉压与急性心肌梗塞的关系

目的探讨老年原发性高血压（ET）患者脉压与急性心肌梗塞（AMI）的关系。方法观测45例老年高血压病合并急性心肌梗塞患者的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及脉压（PP），以31例老年单纯高血压患者（冠脉造影排除冠心病）作对照组，进行比较。结果并发急性心肌梗塞组，其脉压较单纯高血压组明显增高。结论脉压与老年人急性心肌梗塞密切相关，对老年人高血压的治疗更要注重控制脉压。     

3种霍乱弧菌检测方法在外环境标本中的应用研究

目的：通过改进霍乱弧菌检测的技术手段，提高外环境标本中霍乱弧菌的检出率。方法：将常规分离鉴定法、PCR检测法和胶体金免疫层析试验法同时用于检测霍乱流行期间的外环境标本，并对其现场应用结果进行比较分析。结果：3种方法检测80份外环境标本霍乱弧菌的结果显示：它们均未出现假阳性，3种方法各有优势，且结果相互符合性好，但也存在各自弱点。结论：只用单一种方法来检测外环境标本霍乱弧菌存在明显不足。建议在外环境霍乱监测中选用胶体金法进行初筛，再用常规法和PCR法检测。最大限度减少漏检的可能性。     

儿科背式输液架的研制与应用

输液架是医院不可缺少的工具之一，国内医疗单位使用的输液架多种多样，但仅适用于病房使用，而适合儿科患儿移动的背式输液架甚少。针对以上缺陷，我们自行设计了一种可调式背式移动输液架，已应用于500例儿科患儿，效果较好。现介绍如下。     

双波长紫外分光光度法测定贝母中腺苷和胸苷的含量

将4种贝母的甲醇提取物经薄层色谱法粗分离后,直接用双波长紫外分光光度法测定其含量。结果表明,该方法线性关系好,腺苷和胸苷标准曲线的相关系数均为0.9999,同时也发现平贝、炉贝和伊贝中腺苷都占核苷总量60%以上,而浙贝中仅占约40%,提示贝母生药的抗凝血活性可能与贝母中核苷类化合物的种类和含量的差别有关。     

DNA-Methylierung von monohalogenierten Methanen in F-344 Ratten

Monohalogenated methanes (methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide) are mutagenic and carcinogenic. The possible mechanism of these effects, DNA methylation, was studied. DNA adducts from orgnas of F344 rats exposed to these chemicals were separated and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gaschro-matography/massspectrometry (GC/ MS). DNA adducts, 7-methylguanine (7-MeG) and O⁶-Methylguanine(0⁸-MeG), incorporation of¹⁴C into de novo synthesis of nucleobases could be observed in enzymatic DNA hydrolysates by HPLC and determination of the radioactivity in the fractions. The formation of DNA add,ue,ts in the studied organs was only quantitatively different. The formation of O⁶-MeG was further pioved by analysing the acidic hydrolysates using HPLC with non-radioactive O⁶MeG as internal standard. 7-MeG and 3-MeA were identified with GC/MS analysis.