兔视网膜方向选择性神经节细胞树突的独特分枝模式及其生理意义

本实验研究了兔视网膜中的方向选择性神经节细胞 (direction selective retinal ganglion cells,DS cells)树突野的分枝模式。测量了视网膜中方向选择性神经节细胞和作为经典分枝模式神经元代表的α神经节细胞的树突直径。发现 ,方向选择性神经节细胞的树突在分枝后直径达到 0 .5 μm,进一步分枝树突直径仍保持在 0 .5 μm左右 ,这样 ,在方向选择性神经节细胞树突野中大多数树突直径在 0 .5μm左右。而作为经典分枝模式神经元代表的α神经元的树突每次分枝后都逐级变细 ,最终直径达到 0 .5μm左右 ,这样 ,α神经节细胞的树突直径大部分都大于 0 .5μm。我们应用程序“NEU RON”对在两种神经元模型中 ,抑制点落于兴奋点与胞体之间 (proximal)和抑制点不落于兴奋点与胞体之间 (distal)这两种情况进行模拟。我们发现 ,当抑制点不落于兴奋点与胞体之间时 ,在方向选择性神经节细胞的树突分枝模型中 ,抑制效果更强。那么 ,将使得方向选择性神经节细胞对抑制点落于兴奋点和胞体之间的要求变得不是那么迫切。所以 ,方向选择性神经节细胞的这种独特分枝模式 ,也许可以避免或至少减轻其在发育中可能会产生的连线的复杂性。并且 ,我们对得出的结论进行了电路分析 ,对方向选择性神经节细胞这种独特的分枝模式具有的?     

局灶脑缺血恢复期半影区小胶质细胞可塑性变化和bFGF表达规律探讨

目的 观察Wistar大鼠大脑中动脉永久性闭塞后不同时段，缺血半影区小胶质细胞和神经元形态学变化及bFGF在皮层和海马的表达规律。方法 将雄性Wistar大鼠48只，随机分为假手术对照组和永久性局灶性脑缺血组，后者再根据缺血时间不同分5个亚组。假手术组：仅暴露大脑中动脉，2h后断头取脑。永久性局灶性脑缺血组：建立大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型，分别于缺血后3d、7d、14d、28d、42d断头取脑，行HE和免疫组化染色。观察梗死灶周围半影区的小胶质细胞和神经元的形态学变化和bFGF在皮层及海马部位的表达规律。结果 HE染色可见脑缺血3d时半影区有少量小胶质细胞出现，14d小胶质细胞增多达高峰，42d趋于稳定。脑缺血3d梗死灶周围皮质神经元和胶质细胞开始表达bFGF，7d表达增强，14d达高峰，28d表达开始减弱，42d仍有一定表达，bFGF在海马的表达也有相同规律。结论 小胶质细胞的肥大和增生性变化以及bFGF的表达，不仅发生于脑缺血早期，晚期仍显示持续性变化，表明小胶质细胞活动以及bFGF的表达贯穿于脑缺血的整个病理过程。     

全雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌

为了评价全雄激素阻断治疗晚期前列腺癌的疗效，采用双侧睾丸切除、Ｆｌｕｔａｍｉｄｅ和Ｆｉｎａｓｔｅｒｉｄ联合治疗Ｄ２期前列腺癌病人５例。随访１５～２０个月，结果ＰＳＡ均正常，前列腺体积缩小６１．２％～６９．３％，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），骨转移灶缩小、部分消失，积水肾脏完全恢复正常，所有病人治疗后全部有效。表明全雄激素阻断对晚期前列腺癌有良好的治疗效果。提出在三个层次上阻断雄激素治疗晚期前列腺癌的策略。     

Microvascular corrosion casting of normal tissue, transitional mucosa and adenocarcinoma in the human colon.

The microcirculatory architecture of normal tissue, transitional mucosa and adenocarcinoma of the human colon was investigated with microvascular corrosion casting (MVCC) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study showed that the capillaries within the normal mucosa were arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern around the mucosal glands and that the microvessels of transitional mucosa mostly had lost the typical hexagonal pattern and become slightly wider in diameter. The microvessels in the tumor periphery were increased in number and disorganized, and presented large variation in morphology with claw-like formations, widened sinuses, diverticula and appendixoid patterns. Microvessels were lacking in the central areas of tumors. These morphological alterations may serve as additional indicators of tumor development.     

Location of lectin UEA-I receptors in histological diagnosis of nasopharyngeal precancerous lesion.

Three kinds of lectins (UEA-I, ConA, PNA) were used to study normal, dysplastic, neoplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium by lectin affinitive histochemical method. UEA-I (ulex europeus agglutinin-I) displayed membrane distribution in normal squamous epithelium, but most of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were negative. Notably, severe dysplastic epithelium (precancerous lesion) exhibited a strong membranous and cytoplasmic affinity, which contrasted sharply with the normal epithelium and carcinoma cells. The statistically significant difference in the content and distribution of lectin UEA-I in these three groups suggest that UEA-I is a hopeful marker for diagnosing precancerous lesion of the nasopharynx. However, PNA and ConA are of less diagnostic value.

     

小鼠暴露在不同海拔梯度下脑含水量改变及其与脑水肿的关系

观察了小鼠暴露在不同海拔梯度下脑含水量改变及其与脑水肿的关系。实验结果表明，小鼠由低海拔区快速进入高海拔区后脑组织的湿干比值和含水量均有增高（Ｐ＜００１），以进入高海拔区后的第７ｄ为最高峰。组织学观察表明，此时脑神经细胞肿胀，胞浆内有空泡变性，胶质细胞和微血管周围有明显空晕。以上结果揭示，由低海拔区快速进入高海拔区后可致脑水肿形成。     

Oral cancer progression and c-erbB-2/neu proto-oncogene expression.

Monoclonal antibody PAb3 to c-erbB-2/neu protein was utilized in the immunoperoxidase staining of 86 human specimens from oral mucosa. These tissue specimens represented a spectrum from 7 normal to 9 simple hyperplasia, 15 mild dysplasia, 14 moderate dysplasia, 20 severe dysplasia and 21 squamous cell carcinoma. Our study indicated that as the cells acquire a more malignant phenotype, there was a progressive increase in neu expression. It also suggested that neu may be involved in the development of oral cancers and that its evaluation in the early stages may assist in the diagnosis and management of oral cancers.     

介绍几种残指延长拇指再造的方法

本文报告带血管神经蒂组织瓣移位及手残指缓慢延长术治疗６４例拇指缺损，拇指平均延长２．６ｃｍ，平均随访时间３年６个月，再造拇指外形及功能均较满意。本法简单、安全、有效。拇指掌指关节以远缺如，残端指骨长１ｃｍ以上者行指骨延长术，不足１ｃｍ者可行第１掌骨延长术、二期行虎口加深术。掌指关节平面缺如采用第１掌骨延长术或带血管蒂皮瓣移位再造拇指。也可用带桡骨片的前臂桡侧皮瓣一期再造拇指。第１掌骨近侧平面缺如，     

肺结核线索调查中X线胸透的代价和效益试评

用热释光剂量计测试了受检者胸透体表照射量，结果表明受检者体表照射量符合对数正态分布，几何均值为０．１９ｍＣ·ｋｇ－１，高于一般体检胸透照射量水平。根据危险度系数，估算出由此造成的辐射诱发恶性肿瘤危险度，男女分别为３．５５×１０－６和４．０５×１０－６，后裔遗传疾患的危险度均为４．０×１０－８，由此估计该次实践造成的人均寿命缩短时间为０．５２ｈ·人－１。利用江苏省结核病的患病率、死亡率、化疗治愈率估算出由此次实践带来的人均寿命延长时间为４５．８ｈ·人－１。