咽旁颞下区的外科解剖钥匙──茎突

目的研究茎突毗邻关系，为咽旁颞下区手术提供外科解剖基础。方法测量颅骨。结果茎实根部深面有颈静脉孔，两者相距约3mm。颈静脉孔前有动脉管外口，分隔两者间的骨板下缘厚约1．87mm。在颈动脉管外口前外方有蝶骨角棘，二者相距约6．5mm。角棘之外侧有颞下颌关节窝，之前方为棘孔。棘孔之前内侧有卵圆孔。结论茎突可作为咽旁颞下区的外科解剖钥匙。     

渐进性咬合紊乱导致兔髁突退行性变的研究

目的 探讨渐进性咬合紊乱是否可导致兔髁突软骨退行性变。方法 27只5月龄雄性新西兰大白兔，随机分为渐进性咬合紊乱组(A组)、操作对照组(B组)和空白对照组(C组)。A组动物以正畸用橡皮圈分别将一侧上颌和对侧下颌第一前磨牙向近中牵拉，以形成上下牙不吻合接触的咬合紊乱；B组作结扎钢丝操作对照，不牵拉。分别在6月龄、7月龄、8月龄时取材，各时间点每组取材3只实验动物，对双侧髁突作组织学观察和测量。结果 B、C两组髁突软骨表现无明显差异，A组有明显随时间延长而加重的退行性变，表现为髁突前、中部软骨变薄，肥大层软骨不连续，局部组织纤维化；髁突后部软骨增厚，增殖层未成熟细胞比例增加。结论 渐进性咬合紊乱可导致兔髁突软骨退行性变。     

Effects of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta-1) and dentin non-collagenous proteins (DNCP) on human embryonic ectomesenchymal cells in a three-dimensional culture system

Cranial neural crest-derived ectomesenchymal cells represent a population of pluripotent stem cells giving rise to many of the various oro-facial and dental tissues. The factors determining the terminal fate of these cells are still unclear. The potentiality of human embryonic ectomesenchymal cells from the first branchial arch have been investigated when isolated and grown in a three-dimensional (3D)-collagen gel culture system in the presence of dentin matrix-derived non-collagenous proteins (DNCP) and TGFbeta-1. Functional differentiation of cells showing some characteristics of odontoblast-like cells could be observed when the cells were cultured with DNCP+TGFbeta-1 or DNCP, however, only cytological differentiation was observed during culture with TGFbeta-1 alone. The characteristics of these cells was assessed by morphological appearance, expression of the odontoblast phenotype marker dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), increased alkaline phosphatase levels and formation of mineralised nodules in vitro. The results indicate that these embryonic cells from the first branchial arch are capable of responding to the inductive stimulus of DNCP or DNCP+TGFbeta-1 when isolated and grown in the 3D collagen gel culture system. The capacity of the isolated cells to differentiate into mineralizing cells showing some characteristics of odontoblast-like cells under these growth conditions highlights the potential of such approaches for tissue engineering strategies for hard-tissue regeneration after injury.     

镧、铈、氟在抑制人离体牙根面脱矿中作用的比较研究

作者采用含镧(La)、铈(Ce)、氟(F)的脱矿液，在体外模拟口腔pH循环变化的环境中对离体人牙根面进行抑制脱钙的实验研究，并采用化学及能谱分析手段，对La，Ce，F在根面的抑制脱钙作用进行定量分析。结果显示，这三种微量元素对根面均有明显的抑制脱钙作用，但F较La、Ce的抑制作用强．该研究还从晶体物理化学角度对La、Ce、F的抑制脱矿作用的机理进行探讨。     

Properties of a new root-end filling material

The purposes of this investigation were 2-fold: to study the physical properties and sealing ability of Viscosity Enhanced Root Repair Material (VERRM); and, to compare them with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). VERRM has a composition similar to mineral trioxide aggregate, with handling characteristics and consistency similar to commercially available materials such as IRM and Super EBA. The pH, setting times, solubility, radiopacity, dimensional change upon setting, and apical sealing ability of VERRM were evaluated and compared to that of ProRoot MTA (GMTA) and ProRoot MTA (Tooth Colored Formula) (WMTA). The results showed that VERRM had physical properties similar to WMTA. VERRM and WMTA showed significantly greater dye penetration than GMTA (p < 0.05) when used as a root-end filling material. There was no significant difference in depth of dye penetration between VERRM and WMTA. Further development of VERRM is indicated to produce a biocompatible root-end filling material with superior handling characteristics.     

大鼠舌背上皮细胞体外培养及其生物学特性观察

目的:探讨舌背上皮细胞体外培养的可行性,并观察其生长特性。方法:断颈处死出生后1d的SD大鼠,70%乙醇浸泡3～5min,切取舌体及下颌骨。以DMEM/F12作为基础培养液,原代培养舌背黏膜上皮。当细胞铺满整个培养瓶底70%时,进行细胞传代。采用广谱角蛋白细胞免疫化学染色法及透射电镜观察法对上皮细胞进行鉴定。结果:接种时,原代细胞形状、大小不等,呈多样性,表现为多角状扁平细胞、体积较大的球形细胞和体积较小的球形细胞。大多数细胞在培养24h后贴壁;培养3d后,细胞增殖形成许多小而不规则的细胞克隆或集落,开始进入指数增殖阶段,形成细胞团块。随着时间推移,细胞团块周围结构疏松,间隙增大,细胞团块不断增大,融合、连接成片,排列成铺路石状,可传3～4代。结论:以DMEM/F12为基础培养液,可成功地培养出舌背上皮细胞。     

田基黄对人舌癌细胞株TSCCa细胞毒作用的研究

本实验采用体外细胞毒试验（MTT法）和电镜观察，研究了田基黄对人舌癌细胞株TSCCa的细胞毒作用。结果表明：田基黄对人舌癌细胞株TSCCa的生长有明显的抑制作用，其抑制率随浓度的增加而提高。电镜下见田基黄对癌细胞内线粒体和粗面内质网有损伤作用。结果提示中药田基黄对口腔鳞癌有较好的治疗作用。     

Granulocyte elastase in gingival crevicular fluid: improved monitoring of the site-specific response to treatment in patients with destructive periodontitis

Abstract In 13 patients with severe destructive periodontitis. the response to periodontal therapy was estimated by granulocyte elastase level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). 62 sites were classified according to changes of probing depths (PD) and quantitative bone height (BH%) before and after 5–year regular maintenance treatment: (i) 17 consistently healthy sites with no changes of PD and BH%; (ii) 6 initially healthy sites with deterioration in PD and BH%; (iii) 14 diseased sites with improvement in PD and BH%; (iv) 25 diseased sites with no improvement in PD and BH%. GCF was collected by an intracrevicular washing system. The released elastase in the supernatants (EA-S) and the cell-bound elastase in the pellets (EA-P) were determined with a low molecular weight substrate specific for granulocyte elastase. The ratio of EA-S and EA-P (S/P-ratio) was used as a relative measure of elastase released by the granulocytes present. The sites classified as diseased with no improvement or initially healthy but deteriorating, had significantly higher EA-S, EA-P and S/P-ratios than the consistently healthy sites or diseased but improving sites (p < 0.01). Both EA-S and S/P-ratio showed strongly positive correlations with the current levels of gingival inflammation and periodontal destruction (p < 0.001). The present study suggests that increased elastase level is associated with disease progression, and may be used to monitor the response to longitudinal maintenance therapy.