ASO Visual Abstract: Development and Validation of Web-Based Nomograms for Predicting Cause-Specific Mortality in Surgically Resected Nonmetastatic Invasive Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study

Annals of Surgical Oncology -     

The association between caudal block and urethroplasty complications of distal tubularized incised plate repair: experience from a South China National Children’s Medical Center

BackgroundThe effect of caudal block (CB) on the incidence of urethroplasty complications in hypospadias repair remains controversial. The evidence is conflicting, and some confounding bias issues need to be addressed. We sought to study a more homogenous group of distal hypospadias patients undergoing primary tubularized incised plate (TIP) repair by a senior pediatric urology surgeon in the past 2 years to examine the relationship between urethroplasty complications and the use of CB.MethodsWe reviewed our database to identify consecutive patients who had undergone hypospadias repairs by a senior director surgeon at our Center between January 2018 and November 2020. To be eligible to participate in the study, patients had to meet the following inclusion criteria: (I) have distal hypospadias; (II) have undergone a primary TIP repair; and (III) have attended follow-up appointments for a minimum period of 6 months. The primary outcome was the development of urethroplasty complications during the follow-up period. The principal variable of interest was whether or not CB was used perioperatively. The patients were categorized into a CB group (general anesthesia combined with CB) or a control group (general anesthesia only). Other potential risk factors were analyzed, including patient age at operation, patient weight, glans width, and the length of the urethral plate defect.ResultsThirty (12.2%) of the distal patients developed postoperative surgical complications. The postoperative surgical complication rates were similar between the different anesthesia groups. Weight, the length of the urethral plate length, and glans width did not contribute to the risk. Age was the only independent risk factor for postoperative surgical complications, and the complication rates increased in older patients.ConclusionsOur data from consecutive TIP repairs in distal hypospadias patients indicated no association between the use of CB anesthesia and the postoperative urethroplasty complication rate. Patients who were older in age when they underwent surgery had a higher risk of complications.     

国人男性椎管的测量与观察

本文对广西出土的113例男性干燥椎骨的椎孔,进行了矢径、横径的测量和形态观察。椎孔的矢、横径在壮族(30例),汉族(57例)间无显著差异(P>0.05)。在C_(3～6)椎骨水平,推管的矢径和形态与脊髓的外形不一致,矢径于该处形成生理性狭窄,以C_4处为最小(12.92mm)。除C_1外,椎管的形态可分为4型:Ⅰ型圆型;Ⅱ型三角型;Ⅲ型过渡型;Ⅳ型不整型。 C_(1,2)椎管的形状为圆型,向下至C_6,通过半圆形逐步过渡到三角形(C_6占81.31％);再向下至T_6,三角形通过蛤形和多边形又逐渐过渡为圆形(T_6占84.76％);再向下至L_5,又通过蛤形逐渐过渡为三角型(L_5占99％)。从L_3至L_5,三角形椎孔有逐步通过钟形向三叶形过渡的趋势。三叶形腰椎管占5.02％。本文结果支持Eisenstein的观点,认为三叶形结构是一种普通的、非病理性的现象,与年龄增长、骨赘或椎孔狭窄无关,这或许是一种正常的发育性变异。     

Human monocyte-derived hemangioma-like endothelial cells: evidence from an in vitro study

BACKGROUNDS: Hemangiomas are highly prevalent in newborns and infants and can lead to severe complications. However, the pathogenesis of hemangiomas is still unknown. This study was designed to examine the potential of human monocytes to differentiate into hemangioma endothelial cells. METHODS: Purified monocytes from adult human peripheral blood were cultured under a conditional culture environment supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Cells cultured for 2 weeks were subjected to histological and immunochemical examinations in order to determine the expression of specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. RESULTS: Monocytes cultured for 2 weeks in angiogenic medium expressed human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter protein, FcgammaRII, and several other endothelial markers, all of which are deemed specific markers for hemangioma endothelial cells. However, neither CD133 nor alpha smooth muscle actin was detected in our monocyte culture. CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that monocytes are capable of differentiating into hemangioma endothelial cells under the angiogenic stimulation from microenvironment of proliferative hemangioma.     

New Taxanes from Taxus chinensis

Two new taxane diterpenes, decinnamoyltaxagifine ( 3) and decinnanioyltaxagifine acetate ( 2), have been isolated from the leaves and stems of TAXUS CHINENSIS. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Their (13)C-NMR chemical shifts were assigned.     

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors

Objective To evaluate the long-term therapeutic effects of autologous peripheral blood st em cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) on the treatment of hematological and soli d tumors. Methods Fifty-one patients were recruited in this auto-PBSCT study, in which several p otentially important parameters were studied including the optimal time for stem cell co llection, the dose of stem cell reinfusion, the time of hematopoietic reconsti tution, the disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), complication s related to transplantation, and maintenance chemotherapy after auto-PBSCT. Results After APBSCT, 3-year and 5-year survival rates of NHL were 83.3%; those of AM L were 74.7%; those of MM were 37.9% and 19%; those of ALL were 40% and 0% res pectively. Hematopoietic reconstitution was greatly promoted by granulocyte col ony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The mean time for patients’ neutrophil to reco ver up to >0.5×10(9) /L after APBSCT was 11.14 days in the group of the patien ts receiving G-CSF in contrast to 17.6 days in the group receiving no G-CSF. The most common complications of transplantation were fever, liver dysfunction and hypokalaemia, which were curable. No death was due to transplantation related complications.Conclusion Comparing with conventional chemotherapy, our study suggests that auto-PBSCT i s a very important therapeutic option that can significantly improve the prognos is in the patients with hematological and solid tumors, especially in the patien ts with AML and NHL.     

注射用克林霉素磷酸酯的稳定性研究

目的：对影响注射用克林霉素磷酸酯稳定性的各种因素进行考察,方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定注射用克林霉素磷酸酯的稳定性。结果：温度对本制剂稳定性有影响,对光稳定性较好。结论：本制剂应于凉暗干燥处贮存。     

局部点滴双氯灭痛或狄奥宁治疗人工晶体术后瞳孔膜的实验研究

目的：通过用双氯灭痛或狄奥宁滴液,观察对人工晶体植入术后瞳孔膜的防治作用。方法：24只成年纯系新西兰白兔的48只眼,随机分为3组：双氯灭痛治疗组（A组J）、狄奥宁治疗组（B组）和空白对照组（C组）。48只兔眼均行晶体囊外摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术;术后1,3,5,7,14,21,30d定量动态观察人工晶体表现瞳孔膜的情况。结果：A 组的瞳孔膜低于B,C组（P＜0．05）;B组瞳孔膜低于C组（P＜0．05）。结论：双氯灭痛与狄奥宁滴眼均能有效治疗人工晶体植入术后瞳孔膜;双氯灭痛的疗效优于狄奥宁。     

肝细胞癌上皮细胞白蛋白和CK7的表达

目的 探讨人类肝癌肝组织是否存在小上皮细胞（small epithelial cell,SEC),这类细胞是否表达白蛋白CK7抗体,对30例人肝细胞肝癌的手术标本材料作免疫组化染色,对其中10例作超微结构观察和白蛋白及CK7的免疫电镜标记。结果 30例中有20例在肝癌肿瘤边缘和增生的小胆管发现有少量SEC。这类细胞既表达白蛋白,又表达CK7。电镜下,这类SEC体积较小,核大,胞质少胞质内主要为游离核糖体,并有胞质内张力微丝及细胞间连接结构。免疫电镜下,10例中有5例可显示在同一SEC同时表达白蛋白和CK7。结论 人肝细胞癌肝中确实存在SEC。这类SEC具有与人肝母细胞瘤和胆道闭锁肝组织中的SEC一样的形态和免疫表型特点。     

鼻咽癌组织中微血管的分布

目的：观察鼻咽癌组织中微血管的分布及存在状况,探讨其与鼻咽癌的临床病理联系。方法：采用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法,检测血栓调节蛋白在鼻咽癌血管内皮细胞的表达,进行微血管的定性半定量研究。结果：鼻咽癌组织中微血管的分布不均匀。极性消失。血管呈分支芽状弥漫分布于癌组织中,或呈条索状围绕癌细胞团。微血管的数目与癌细胞的增殖指数屯预后正相关。结论：鼻咽癌组织中微血管数与患者的生存期有关。