Lip morphology estimation models based on three-dimensional images in a modern adult population from China

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Lips are the main part of the lower facial soft tissue and are vital to forensic facial approximation (FFA). Facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) and linear...     

外周血白细胞端粒长度和线粒体基因拷贝数对急性心肌梗死的诊断预测价值以及相关机制的探讨

目的 探究外周血白细胞端粒长度(LTL)和线粒体基因拷贝数(mtDNA?CN)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)的预测价值,并从端粒酶逆转录酶(TERT)和线粒体氧化损伤的角度探讨其相关机制.方法 选取AMI患者80例,并选同期行冠脉造影检查且结果显示冠脉大致正常者80例作为对照.收集研究对象的临床资料和空腹全血,以qPCR法检测外周血LTL、TERT mRNA、mtDNA?CN和线粒体氧化损伤程度,采用Spearman相关分析评估上述指标间的相关性.采用多因素Logistic回归分析LTL和mtDNA?CN与AMI发生风险的关系,以受试者工作曲线(ROC)评价LTL和mtDNA?CN对AMI诊断的预测价值.结果 AMI组患者外周血LTL、TERT mRNA表达水平和mtDNA?CN均显著低于对照组,线粒体氧化损伤水平显著高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).在AMI组和对照组中,LTL分别与TERT mRNA的表达水平和mtDNA?CN呈显著正相关,与线粒体氧化损伤水平呈显著负相关(均P<0.05).在AMI组中,mtDNA?CN与线粒体氧化损伤水平呈显著负相关(P=0.03),但在对照组中两者相关性无统计学意义(P=0.20).Logistic回归分析结果表明,长LTL和高mtDNA?CN是AMI的保护因素;ROC曲线分析结果表明,LTL、mtDNA?CN以及两者联合预测AMI的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.748、0.704、0.767.结论 外周血LTL和mtDNA?CN对AMI具有一定的预测诊断价值.AMI患者外周血LTL的缩短可能与TERT mRNA表达的降低有关,外周血白细胞线粒体氧化损伤水平的升高可能是mtDNA?CN降低和LTL缩短的重要原因.     

Distribution of glycinin in the gastrointestinal tissue of pigs at different growth stages

The gastrointestinal distribution of glycinin in pigs at different growth stages was investigated in this study. Fifteen healthy General No. 1 barrows weaned on the 28th day were randomly assigned to three groups with five replicates: five weanling, five growing and five finishing. All pigs received diets with non-soya bean ingredients in non-experimental periods, while the pigs received diets containing 4% purified glycinin in experimental periods. Binding of anti-glycinin antibody was detected using a labelled streptavidin–peroxidase complex method to determine the gastrointestinal distribution of glycinin. The results indicated that there was a significant difference on the gastrointestinal mucosal distribution of glycinin between pigs of different ages. Glycinin in growers was higher than piglets and lower than finishers (P<0.001). The highest content of glycinin was in the distal jejunum and ileum for piglets, and in distal jejunum for growers and finishers (P<0.05).     

Application of modern neuroimaging technology in the diagnosis and study of Alzheimer's disease

Neurological abnormalities identified via neuroimaging are common in patients with Alzheimer's disease. However, it is not yet possible to easily detect these abnormalities using head computed tomography in the early stages of the disease. In this review, we evaluated the ways in which modern imaging techniques such as positron emission computed tomography, single photon emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectrum imaging, structural magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging, magnetic resonance sensitive weighted imaging, and functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed specific changes not only in brain structure, but also in brain function in Alzheimer's disease patients. The reviewed literature indicated that decreased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in the temporal and parietal lobes of Alzheimer's disease patients is frequently observed via positron emission computed tomography. Furthermore, patients with Alzheimer's disease often show a decreased N-acetylaspartic acid/creatine ratio and an increased myoinositol/creatine ratio revealed via magnetic resonance imaging. Atrophy of the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and posterior cingulate gyrus can be detected early using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance sensitive weighted imaging can show small bleeds and abnormal iron metabolism. Task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging can display brain function activity through cerebral blood oxygenation. Resting functional magnetic resonance imaging can display the functional connection between brain neural networks. These are helpful for the differential diagnosis and experimental study of Alzheimer's disease, and are valuable for exploring the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.     

Listeria Monocytogenes Meningoencephalitis Due to IRAK4 Deficiency

Journal of Clinical Immunology -     

Characterizing patient-oncologist communication in genomic tumor testing: The 21-gene recurrence score as an exemplar

ObjectiveWomen with early-stage, ER + breast cancer are recommend to receive genomic profiling tests, such as the 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) test, to guide treatment decisions. We examined test- and treatment-related information discussed and the associations between RS categories and aspects of communication during patient-oncologist clinical encounters.MethodsAs part of a larger trial, clinical encounters (N = 46) were audiorecorded and coded for 1) RS- and treatment-related information, 2) shared decision making, 3) patient active participation, and 4) oncologist patient-centered communication. We examined differences by RS category using mixed models, adjusting for nesting within oncologist.ResultsPatients with a high RS were more likely to receive a chemotherapy recommendation (p < .01), hear about the risks/side effects of chemotherapy (p < .01), and offer their preferences (p = .02) than those with intermediate or low RS. Elements of shared decision making increased with RS. Oncologist patient-centered communication (M = 4.09/5, SD = .25) and patient active participation (M = 3.5/4, SD = 1.0) were high across RS.ConclusionFindings suggest that disease severity, rather than clinical uncertainty, impact treatment recommendations and shared decision making.Practice implicationsOncologists adjust test- and treatment-related information and shared decision making by disease severity. This information provides a framework to inform decision making in complex cancer and genomics settings.