Central pontine myelinolysis and its imitators: MR findings

The clinical, radiologic, and neuropathologic findings in 13 patients with central pontine myelinolysis were reviewed. Antemortem computed tomography (CT) had been performed in nine, and ante- or postmortem magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 11. Chronic alcoholism or rapid correction of hyponatremia was present in over 75% of cases. One CT scan was positive, but only on retrospective review. In all but one patient, MR imaging eventually revealed an abnormality within the pons; in two patients the initial study was normal. The lesions varied in shape, with peripheral involvement in two patients and extrapontine involvement in four. The abnormality was smaller at 6-month follow-up in one patient and unchanged at 1 year in another. One patient never had a demonstrable pontine lesion but did have symmetric basal ganglia abnormalities, which were consistent with extrapontine myelinolysis. MR imaging disclosed similar central pontine alterations resulting from infarct, metastasis, glioma, multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, and radiation or chemotherapy; thus, such changes are not unique.     

人工牛黄的光解

人工牛黄是广泛用于中成药配方的中药代用品。本文用漫反射光谱法研究了人工牛黄样品在人工光源照射下发生颜色变化的光解规律:在三种光源下,其光解均属二步表观一级反应动力学,即光解曲线是由两段斜率不同的直线组成,初期的光解速度较其后的快2倍左右;不同光源下,紫外灯光解速度最快,荧光高压汞灯次之,碘钨灯最慢;表观光解常数与光波长有关,但基本不随光强度和照射时间乘积改变。而光解时间则与光强度成反比。从得到的动力学方程可预测不同条件下的褪色时间。研究表明,人工牛黄复方中,发生光解的主要成分是胆红素,其余成分不发生引起颜色变化的光解,但在第二步反应中对胆红素的光解有明显影响。     

The use of psychotherapy with in-patients

Some form of psychotherapy is now often attempted with psychiatric in-patients, even though most discussion of the subject is concerned with out-patients. This study looks at how a group of junior doctors used psychotherapy with 38 patients who were routinely admitted to an acute admission ward. Information was gathered from the doctors at the beginning of the treatment, during its course, and at the time the patient was discharged. Three distinct patterns emerged. One group of patients were seen as candidates for psychotherapy and definite progress seemed to be made. A second group were seen as candidates for psychotherapy but somehow no progress was made. A third group of patients were never seen as candidates for psychotherapy. These groups are looked at in some detail and the implications are discussed.     

ACUPUNCTURE CHANNELS - MYTH OR REALITY GS Sekhon School of Surgery and Allied Sciences

Spurred by recent advances in the ancient science of acupuncture in China, world interest in the subject has renewed. While the benefits of acupuncture are evident, its. mode of action and the existence of channels and collaterals are major controversial subjects. Based on personal experience and that of some of their colleagues and patients, the authors believe that channels and collaterals exist. These channels not only play a role in the treatment of deep seated dis- eases and analgesia induction and probably a.lso moderate normal healthy perception. The ex- istence of channels and their collaterals has not been proved anatomically.