t-PA用于青光眼滤过术的临床随机对照研究

目的　研究组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (t PA)在青光眼滤过术中的作用。方法　采用随机对照的临床验证方法 ,将 76例 ( 86眼 )难治性青光眼分为用药组 42例 ( 4 4眼 )和对照组 3 4例 ( 4 2眼 )。用药组术中及术后均应用t PA ;对照组未用t PA。术后随访 18～ 48个月 (平均 3 6个月 )。采用寿命表分析法统计。结果　用药组与对照组手术成功率及功能性滤过泡的累计百分率差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。而眼毒性作用的发生率无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　t PA是安全有效的治疗滤过性手术失败的药物。至少可以在术后 3年内将眼压维持在正常水平     

病案复印工作的信息化管理

目的为了将病案复印管理工作由传统的手工统计分析升级为信息化管理,运用计算机技术开发研制《病案复印管理系统》。方法依据病案复印流程的要求设计、建立数据库,根据工作需要设置检索查询,应用VisualBasic6.0编程工具和Access数据库实现程序设计。结果病案复印管理系统设计规范,具有良好和人机界面和操作性能,并提供了丰富的数据查询和统计分析功能。     

健脾和胃汤治疗功能消化不良脾胃气虚证临床研究

[目的]观察健脾和胃汤对脾胃气虚型功能性消化不良(FD)的疗效。[方法]将100例FD患者随机分为2组,治疗组50例服用健脾和胃汤,对照组50例服用吗丁啉,分别于治疗前与治疗4周后进行评分比较疗效。[结果]总有效率治疗组为86%,对照组为70%。总有效率两组比较,差异非常显著(P<0·01)。[结论]健脾和胃汤对脾胃气虚型FD有明显疗效。     

珠江三角洲地区2004年流动儿童麻疹免疫状况血清流行病学调查与分析

目的了解珠江三角洲地区流动儿童的麻疹免疫状况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测广州、佛山、深圳、东莞市随机调查的1~6岁584名流动儿童和594名本地儿童麻疹IgG抗体。结果流动儿童、本地儿童麻疹抗体阳性率分别为85.96%、91.75%,几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1∶727、1∶1 211,差异有非常显著的统计学意义。结论珠江三角洲地区流动儿童的麻疹抗体水平低于本地儿童,积累了相当一部分易感人群,给当地控制与消除麻疹带来严峻的挑战。     

The association of XRCC1 haplotypes and chromosomal damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocyte among coke-oven workers.

Theoretically, a haplotype has a higher level of heterozygosity than individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the association study based on the haplotype may have an increased power for detecting disease associations compared with SNP-based analysis. In this study, we investigated the effects of four haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNP) and the inferred haplotype pairs of the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene on chromosome damage detected by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The study included 141 coke-oven workers with exposure to a high level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 66 nonexposed controls. The frequencies of total MN and MNed cells were borderline associated with the Arg(194)Trp polymorphism (P = 0.053 and P = 0.050, respectively) but not associated with the Arg(280)His, Arg(399)Gln and Gln(632)Gln polymorphisms among coke-oven workers. Five haplotypes, including CGGG, TGGG, CAGG, CGAG, and CGGA, were inferred based on the four htSNPs of XRCC1 gene. The haplotype CGGG was associated with the decreased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells, and the haplotypes TGGG and CGAG were associated with the increased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells with adjustment for covariates among coke-oven workers. This study showed that the haplotypes derived from htSNPs in the XRCC1 gene were more likely than single SNPs to correlate with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced chromosome damage among coke-oven workers.     

鼻-鼻内窥镜外科围手术期的护理

我科自开展鼻-鼻内窥镜外科手术以来，特别注重整体性治疗。并更大的关注于围手术处理，降低了鼻窦炎、鼻息肉病术后复发率，我们认为在护理方面围绕围手术期，配合医师进行以下护理。     

抗乙型肝炎病毒药物研制进展:2016年乙型肝炎基金会drug watch更新解读

目前全球公认的HBV一线治疗药物为恩替卡韦(ETV)和富马酸替诺福韦酯(TDF).2016年11月10日,美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)正式批准了抗HBV新药——Vemlidy(R),即替诺福韦艾拉酚胺富马酸(TAF).由于抗HCV的直接抗病毒药物已经陆续上市,全球部分大制药公司转向投入抗HBV治疗药物的研制中,近2年乙型肝炎基金会(Hepatitis B Foundation,HBF) drug watch的更新速度明显加快,仅2016年就于3月及11月进行了2次更新.     

Vitamin B supplementation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency has been associated with significant neurological pathology, especially peripheral neuropathy. This review aims to examine the existing evidence on the effectiveness of vitamin B₁₂ supplementation for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A search of PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all relevant randomised controlled trials was conducted in December 2014. Any type of therapy using vitamin B₁₂ or its coenzyme forms was assessed for efficacy and safety in diabetics with peripheral neuropathy. Changes in vibration perception thresholds, neuropathic symptoms and nerve conduction velocities, as well as the adverse effects of vitamin B₁₂ therapy, were assessed. Four studies comprising 363 patients met the inclusion criteria. This review found no evidence that the use of oral vitamin B₁₂ supplements is associated with improvement in the clinical symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. Furthermore, the majority of studies reported no improvement in the electrophysiological markers of nerve conduction.     

The protective effect of melatonin on smoke‐induced vascular injury in rats and humans: a randomized controlled trial

Smoking is one of the most harmful lifestyles in the world. Very few studies have investigated the effects of melatonin in smoke‐induced vascular injury. This study was designed to investigate whether melatonin could protect rats and humans from smoke‐induced vascular injury. 32 male rats and a double‐blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) containing 63 participants formed the subjects of this study. In rats, 10 mg/kg of melatonin was intraperitoneally injected. Blood samples and abdominal artery were harvested two weeks later. Melatonin decreased the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (CD31), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) compared with the smoke exposed group (P < 0.05), whereas endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nuclear erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO‐1), catalytic glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLC) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) recovered markedly (P < 0.05). In humans, 3 mg/day of melatonin was taken orally by the participants. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and after two weeks of treatment. Compared with the oral placebo group, melatonin decreased the concentration of fibrinogen (Fbg) (P = 0.04) and free fatty acids (FFA) (P = 0.04) in smokers, along with the decreased expression of ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1 and ET‐1 (P = 0.004, P = 0.001, P < 0.0001, respectively). In contrast, Nrf2 and HO‐1 expression were markedly increased (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0049, respectively) after smokers took melatonin orally. In summary, our present data suggest that melatonin could ameliorate smoke‐induced vascular injury.