改进的加权最小二乘支持向量机在德士古炉温 软测量中的应用

根据某企业德士古气化炉装置在线估计炉温的需要,将现场数据采样样本中的离群点分为高杠杆点和高残差点两类,将一种 新的加权方法应用到最小二乘支持向量机( LS-SVM),使其对两种离群点都具有抑制作用,提高模型鲁棒性。加权最小二乘支持向 量机(Weighted Least Square Support Vector Machine, WLS-SVM))参数的选择基于LS-SVM的最优参数,根据模型训练误差对参 数进行二次寻优,进一步提高模型精度。利用测试函数验证了改进方法,对提高模型精度有明显效果;并将改进方法应用到实际生 产装置的炉温软测量系统中,也取得了满意的应用效果。     

社区老年男性对良性前列腺增生症知晓率的调查分析

目的 探讨社区老年男性对良性前列腺增生症的知晓情况,为社区良性前列腺增生症的治疗提供较为准确的理论依据.方法 2008年4月-2009年4月,对在上海市黄浦区半淞园社区卫生中心就诊的年龄≥60岁的360名老年男性进行问卷调查,利用统计软件进行分析.结果 360名老年男性以60～69岁者最多,共215例,占59.7%.共140名(占38.9%)老年男性对良性前列腺增生症的知晓率评分为"中".不同文化水平老年男性对良性前列腺增生症的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 文化程度的高低是决定老年男性对良性前列腺增生症知晓程度的因素之一.社区医疗单位应加强对良性前列腺增生症的健康宣教活动,以文化程度较低的老年男性为宣教重点,从而有效预防和治疗良性前列腺增生症.     

High-risk stress fractures

High-risk stress fractures require precise assessment and treatment because of their propensity for delayed union, nonunion, or complete fracture and their resulting disabling complications. Proper diagnosis necessitates a thorough clinical evaluation, centering on the patient's diet and history, particularly the training regimen. For a definitive diagnosis, plain radiography, ultrasound, bone scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imagery (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are helpful, and each plays a specific role. High-risk stress fractures typically require aggressive treatment such as nonweight-bearing immobilization coupled with therapy and often surgery.     

多聚赖氨酸表面改性后同种异体骨的骨传导能力研究

目的:探讨多聚赖氨酸表面改性兔同种异体骨后骨传导能力的变化。方法:采用冻干法,将多聚赖氨酸覆盖在实验组兔同种异体骨的微孔表面,对其进行表面改性,并将未经表面改性的同种异体骨设为对照组。兔骨髓基质干细胞（BMSCs）种植于2组的微孔表面,进行培养,并向成骨方向诱导。采用扫描电镜观察、MTT法检测BMSCs在同种异体骨微孔表面黏附、增殖情况,检测2组细胞表达的碱性磷酸酶的活性;将2组复合自体BMSCs的同种异体骨回植入兔双侧桡骨缺损处,1、2、3和4个月后分别对标本进行螺旋CT三维重建,观察新骨生成情况。结果:实验组中BMSCs在同种异体骨微孔表面黏附、增殖以及表达碱性磷酸酶的情况明显优于对照组（P<0.01）,实验组兔桡骨缺损处的修复情况优于对照组（P<0.01）。结论:同种异体骨经多聚赖氨酸表面改性后,其在体内和体外的骨传导能力得到了显著的增强。     

Kennedy病的临床特点及诊断

目的通过1例经基因检测明确诊断的Kennedy病患者,探讨Kennedy病的临床特点及诊断。方法根据临床症状、神经系统体征、肌电图和神经传导速度、家族史等特点对临床疑诊Kennedy病患者,检测其雄激素受体基因第1个外显子的CAG重复片断。结果本病病程进展缓慢,肌酶和血睾酮增高,肌电图示神经源性损害,雄激素受体基因第1个外显子的CAG重复数为51。结论Kennedy病有相对独特的临床特点,确诊有赖于雄激素受体基因第1个外显子的CAG重复片段数的检测。     

The Prediction of Body Composition in African Americans From Spine and Hip Dual-Energy Absorptiometry

Body composition, the makeup of the body's fat and lean tissue, is associated with important health outcomes and provides useful clinical information. Although body composition can be measured with total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), this is rarely performed. As an alternative to total body DXA measurement, methods for estimation of body composition have been developed. These methods use soft tissue measures from spine and hip DXA to predict body composition and include prediction equations previously published by Leslie and proprietary equations within General Electric densitometry software. However, these estimates have not been tested in African Americans (AA), an ethnicity with a different distribution of fat than Caucasians (CA). Therefore, we examined the performance of the existing models in 99 CA and 162 AA subjects over the age of 40 who had total body, spine, and hip DXA measurements. We observed that existing models estimated body composition well in CA but underestimated fat mass and overestimated lean mass in AA. AA subjects were then randomly divided into 2 equal-sized subgroups—the first to develop new prediction equations and the second to independently validate them. We found that body composition can be more accurately estimated using either a new model that we derived in AA subjects using backward stepwise elimination or by adding a fixed offset for AA to the previously published model. Our results demonstrate that body composition estimates from spine and hip DXA require consideration of race/ethnicity.     

Stem cell and regenerative science applications in the development of bioengineering of renal tissue

A rising number of patients with acute and chronic renal failure worldwide have created urgency for clinicians and investigators to search out alternative therapies other than chronic renal dialysis and/or organ transplantation. This review focuses on the recent achievements in this area, and discusses the various approaches in the development of bioengineering of renal tissue including recent discoveries in the field of regenerative medicine research and stem cells. A variety of stem cells, ranging from embryonic, bone marrow, endogenous, and amniotic fluid, have been investigated and may prove useful as novel alternatives for organ regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Tissue engineering, developmental biology, and therapeutic cloning techniques have significantly contributed to our understanding of some of the molecular mechanisms involved in renal regeneration and have demonstrated that renal tissue can be generated de novo with similar physiologic functions as native tissue. Ultimately all of these emerging technologies may provide viable therapeutic options for regenerative medicine applications focused on the bioengineering of renal tissue for the future.     

Cooperative Group Research Efforts in Thoracic Malignancies 2009: A Review From the 10th Annual International Lung Cancer Congress

Critical advances in the treatment of patients with lung cancer have occurred in the past few years. The cooperative groups in North America and internationally have played crucial roles in these advances. The leaders of the groups meet on a regular basis to review the progress of their trials. However, they rarely have a chance to discuss all ongoing and planned trials, except at the annual Lung Cancer Congress held each June. This article captures this exchange from the 10th Annual Lung Cancer Congress held in June 2009. Exciting efforts are ongoing for all stages of Non–Small-cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, and mesothelioma. A major focus of the groups at this time is a push toward more personalized medicine, as reflected in the selection criteria for many of the trials, along with planned correlates to better define populations most likely to benefit. Agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, including many tyrosine kinase inhibitors against the VEGF receptor, and those targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway, are under extensive development with many combination trials ongoing.