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91.
B L Van Duuren 《Environmental research》1989,49(2):143-151
The alpha-chloroether carcinogen chloromethylmethyl ether (CME) and its impurity bis(chloromethyl)ether (BCME) are direct-acting alkylating agents. Vinyl chloride (VC) is an indirect-acting carcinogen but its accepted carcinogenic intermediate, chloroethylene oxide, is also an alpha-chloroether. Both CME-BCME and VC have been in industrial use since about 1950. Hence, they were selected for comparison of potency as human carcinogens using numerous epidemiologic reports. There were 115 deaths due to angiosarcoma of the liver among several hundred thousand VC-exposed workers on the basis of reports from 10 countries during 1955 and 1984. Reports from five countries cited a total of 87 respiratory cancer deaths among only 3024 CME-BCME-exposed workers. If a recent court settlement in the United States is taken into account, the number of respiratory cancer deaths due to CME-BCME rises to 117. On the basis of these numbers of cancer deaths, and the levels and durations of exposure, it is concluded that VC is a weak human carcinogen compared to CME-BCME. 相似文献
92.
G R Westerman J B Norton E A Kiel S H Van Devanter 《The Annals of thoracic surgery》1987,44(2):154-158
Double-outlet right ventricle and severe systemic outflow tract hypoplasia comprises a subset of patients in whom total correction or palliation requires complex surgical procedures in the neonatal period. Our experience with 3 patients illustrates the difficulties associated with treatment and suggests possible surgical options for this otherwise lethal variant of the Taussig-Bing syndrome. 相似文献
93.
V B Van Hasselt L A Sisson S R Aach 《Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry》1987,18(3):275-283
A training program was implemented to modify a mother's behavior management skills to improve compliance in her 4-year-old child who suffered from severe developmental and physical disabilities. A multiple baseline analysis indicated that behavioral intervention was effective in training the mother to make definitive commands, provide appropriate positive attention, and persist with commands during social interactions with her child. In addition, substantial improvement in the child's compliance with mother's commands followed introduction of parent training. Further, positive collateral effects included the child's increased time on-task and decreased oppositional behavior. All gains were maintained at a 6-month follow-up probe. 相似文献
94.
Patients with complaints of halitosis do seek treatment from physicians and dental practitioners, because of the fear that their halitosis may interfere with their social activities. Although the prevalence of halitosis has been reported to be as high as 50%, most physicians and dental practitioners are poorly informed about the causes and treatments of halitosis. In order to care for patients with complaints of halitosis a multidisciplinary team was established at the Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The team included a dental hygienist, an otorhinolaryngologist, and a dentist, who developed a special halitosis programme. One short press release regarding the establishment of the team, was provided to the national press-centre. In the out-patient clinic more than 700 patients were seen by the team. Using a structured questionnaire fed to a PC, patients answered questions regarding complaints about the oral cavity, the upper respiratory tract, the throat, their general health, their cleansing habits of the oral cavity, and prior experiences with general physicians, dental practitioners, and medical specialists. They underwent examinations of the extent of their halitosis, of the perioral and neck region, the oral cavity, the upper respiratory tract, and the upper digestive tract. Finally, the members of the team came to a joint diagnosis and a joint treatment plan for every individual patient. Of the first 700 consecutive patients around 90% had a natural dentition without removable partial dentures. More than 60% were diagnosed as having periodontal disease with pockets of 4 mm or more in the maxilla. This figure was more than 50% in the mandible. Around 95% had tongue coating. 相似文献
95.
The use of a new hydrophilic polymer, Kollicoat IR, in the formulation of solid dispersions of Itraconazole. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sandrien Janssens Hector Novoa de Armas Jean Paul Remon Guy Van den Mooter 《European journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2007,30(3-4):288-294
Kollicoat IR, a new pharmaceutical excipient developed as a coating polymer for instant release tablets, was evaluated as a carrier in solid dispersions of Itraconazole. The solid dispersions were prepared by hot stage extrusion. Modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction were used to evaluate the miscibility of the drug and the carrier. The pharmaceutical performance was evaluated by dissolution experiments, performed in simulated gastric fluid without pepsin (SGF(sp)). In the X-ray diffractograms no Itraconazole peaks were visible; the polymer on the other hand appeared to be semi-crystalline. Moreover, its crystallinity increased during the extrusion process due to exposure to heat and shear forces. Modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the drug and the polymer formed a two phase system. Separate clusters of glassy Itraconazole were present for drug loads of 40% or higher, indicating further phase separation. Dissolution measurements demonstrated a significantly increased dissolution rate for the solid dispersions compared to physical mixtures. Interestingly the physical mixture made up of glassy Itraconazole and Kollicoat IR (20/80, w/w) showed a dissolution rate and maximum that was much higher than that of the physical mixture made up of crystalline Itraconazole and that of pure glassy Itraconazole. The results of this study show that Kollicoat IR is a promising excipient for the formulation of solid dispersions of Itraconazole prepared by hot stage extrusion. 相似文献
96.
P Van Houtte M Roelandts D Devriendt M Minsat H Laharie G Kantor 《Cancer radiothérapie》2005,9(6-7):427-434
The authors present an update version of the indications for radiotherapy in the management of benign diseases. This is based on available randomized trials and recent international meetings. Validated indications remain the prevention of resected heterotopic bone ossifications, kelo?ds scars and pterygium and also treatment of arteriovenous malformations; the place of radiotherapy for malignant exophtalmia is more and more restricted. Randomized trials have demonstrated the efficacy of endobrachytherapy in the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty but the use of embedded stent has replaced this indication. Macular degeneration is no more an indication of radiotherapy. Quality requirements for radiotherapy are identical for benign or malignant indications. 相似文献
97.
In contrast to the systolic blood pressure at the posterior tibial artery, the evaluation of pressure at the digital artery of the foot before and after exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease is not well known. Twenty three patients with peripheral vascular disease were examined. The systolic pressure was measured by means of an ultrasound velocity detector at the brachial and posterior tibial artery. Digital artery pressure was determined with photoplethysmography. Pressures were measured before and within 5 and 10 minutes after a treadmill test. Ankle and toe index was calculated. At rest the toe index is lower than the ankle index and after a treadmill test the decrease in toe index occurs in parallel to the ankle index. 相似文献
98.
M G Van Luijtelaar F G Wouterlood J A Tonnaer H W Steinbusch 《Synapse (New York, N.Y.)》1991,8(3):162-168
Degeneration of neurons in the central nervous system is associated with morphological changes. Previous observations made at the light microscopical level indicated degeneration of serotonin-immunoreactive (IR) fibers in the aged rat brain. In this study, a comparison at the ultrastructural level was made between serotonin-IR normal thin and aberrant swollen varicose fibers in the caudate-putamen complex of the aged rat. Ultrastructural features such as the size and content of the thin varicose fibers resembled those in the caudate-putamen complex of the young rat as reported by others. The aberrant profiles were swollen, reaching a size of 6 microns. Their vesicles varied in size and were no longer uniformly round. Moreover, distorted mitochondria and membrane-filled vacuolelike structures were a common feature of the aberrant profiles. These changes are indicative of a degenerative process and give further evidence that, whereas many serotonergic fibers are preserved at high age, other serotonergic fibers are degenerating in the caudate-putamen complex of the aged rat. 相似文献
99.
Genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis in Urine Specimens Will Facilitate Large Epidemiological Studies 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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Servaas A. Morr Robert Moes Irene Van Valkengoed Joan P. Boeke Jacques T. M. van Eijk Chris J. L. M. Meijer Adriaan J. C. Van den Brule 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(10):3077-3078
The serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis-positive urine specimens (n = 81; as detected by PCR and ligase chain reaction) were successfully analyzed in 94% of cases by omp1 PCR-based RFLP analysis. The use of urine specimens and this simple and sensitive typing method will greatly facilitate epidemiological studies of C. trachomatis serovar distribution in asymptomatic C. trachomatis infections in both females and males. 相似文献
100.
Male subfertility induced by acute scrotal heating affects embryo quality in normal female mice 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Jannes P; Spiessens C; Van der Auwera I; D'Hooghe T; Verhoeven G; Vanderschueren D 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(2):372-375
The aim of this experiment was to design a suitable mouse model for male
subfertility in which to study the effect of decreased sperm quality on
embryo quality in vivo and in vitro. To achieve male subfertility, testes
of adult male mice were immersed in water at either 42 degrees C (heated)
or 33 degrees C (controls) during 20 min. Twenty-eight days after
treatment, all heat stressed males showed a significant decrease in
relative testis weight [384.7 mg in controls (286.7-460.6) versus 323 mg in
stress heated groups (117.9-405.6); P < 0.001], sperm concentration
[3.75 x 10(6)/ml (2.75-7.25) versus 1.00 x 10(6)/ml (0-4.00); P < 0.001]
and progressive sperm motility [57.5% (48.0-79.0) versus 42.5% (14.0-66.0);
P < 0.001]. Moreover, after mating to heat exposed males, not only the
number of pregnant females (20/22 versus 18/30) but also the weight of
their embryos [275.4 mg (78.7-339.4) versus 261.8 mg (68.1-339.0); P <
0.001] was significantly lower at 14.5 days post coitum when compared to
controls. Neither the number of resorption sites nor the number of viable
embryos per pregnant female was significantly different between groups.
Also, the in-vitro fertilization rate of oocytes, fertilized by spermatozoa
collected from heat stressed males, was significantly lower (44.9%; P <
0.0001) when compared to controls (65.1%; P < 0.0001). In conclusion,
the results of this study suggest that male subfertility induced by acute
scrotal heating may result in impaired sperm quality, reduced embryo weight
in vivo and decreased fertilization rate in vitro.
相似文献