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101.
Natalia Petruski-Ivleva PhD Sebastian Schneeweiss ScD Sara Eapen PhD Aditya Rajan MS Saira Jan ParmD 《Diabetes, obesity & metabolism》2020,22(2):267-271
Cases of a rare but serious infection called Fournier's gangrene have been reported with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i). To evaluate the safety signal in a population of patients with type 2 diabetes, we used administrative claims data from Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey from 2014 through 2017 to estimate incidence rates of Fournier's gangrene or necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum among patients treated with a second-line antidiabetic drug. We found very low incidence rates of Fournier's gangrene or necrotizing fasciitis. While we found no indication of an increased risk among SGLT-2i users compared with similar patients treated with other second-line antidiabetic medications, the small number of events yielded wide confidence intervals. 相似文献
102.
Abhinav Sharma Robert A. Harrington Mark B. McClellan Mintu P. Turakhia Zubin J. Eapen Steven Steinhubl James R. Mault Maulik D. Majmudar Lothar Roessig Karen J. Chandross Eric M. Green Bakul Patel Andrew Hamer Jeffrey Olgin John S. Rumsfeld Matthew T. Roe Eric D. Peterson 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2018,71(23):2680-2690
As we enter the information age of health care, digital health technologies offer significant opportunities to optimize both clinical care delivery and clinical research. Despite their potential, the use of such information technologies in clinical care and research faces major data quality, privacy, and regulatory concerns. In hopes of addressing both the promise and challenges facing digital health technologies in the transformation of health care, we convened a think tank meeting with academic, industry, and regulatory representatives in December 2016 in Washington, DC. In this paper, we summarize the proceedings of the think tank meeting and aim to delineate a framework for appropriately using digital health technologies in healthcare delivery and research. 相似文献
103.
Robert J. Lee Guoxiang Xiong Jennifer M. Kofonow Bei Chen Anna Lysenko Peihua Jiang Valsamma Abraham Laurel Doghramji Nithin D. Adappa James N. Palmer David W. Kennedy Gary K. Beauchamp Paschalis-Thomas Doulias Harry Ischiropoulos James L. Kreindler Danielle R. Reed Noam A. Cohen 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2012,122(11):4145-4159
Innate and adaptive defense mechanisms protect the respiratory system from attack by microbes. Here, we present evidence that the bitter taste receptor T2R38 regulates the mucosal innate defense of the human upper airway. Utilizing immunofluorescent and live cell imaging techniques in polarized primary human sinonasal cells, we demonstrate that T2R38 is expressed in human upper respiratory epithelium and is activated in response to acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing molecules secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacteria. Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production, resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance and direct antibacterial effects. Moreover, common polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to significant differences in the ability of upper respiratory cells to clear and kill bacteria. Lastly, TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial infection. These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection. 相似文献
104.
105.
Immune modulatory oligonucleotides in the prevention and treatment of OVA-induced eustachian tube dysfunction in rats. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Deidra A Blanks Charles S Ebert Rose P Eapen Carlton Zdanski Ekambar R Kandimalla Sudhir Agrawal Jiri Prazma 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2007,137(2):321-326
BACKGROUND: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is often associated with allergies. Immune modulatory oligonucleotides (IMO) mediate allergic inflammation and may therefore be efficacious in the treatment of airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of an IMO via transtympanic mucosal application in prevention and treatment of ovalbumin-induced OME. DESIGN: Forty brown Norway rats were divided into control and treatment groups. Eustachian tube dysfunction was evaluated by passive opening pressures, passive closing pressures, active clearance of negative pressure, and mucociliary clearance transit time. RESULTS: Rats who underwent IMO treatment required 50% less pressure to open and close the eustachian tube (P < 0.05) and were able to actively clear 50% more negative pressure than the ovalbumin-control rats (P < 0.001). The treatment rats' mucociliary clearance time was half that of the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: IMO via transtympanic application can prevent and treat allergy-induced eustachian tube dysfunction in rats. IMO may offer substantial promise in the future management of OME. 相似文献
106.
107.
Alex K Eapen Christopher P Chengelis Nancy P Jordan Roxanne E Baumgartner Guo-Hua Zheng Ting Carlson 《Food and chemical toxicology》2007,45(11):2304-2311
A new sweetener, sucromalt, was produced via enzymatic conversion of sucrose and maltose to a mixture of fructose, leucrose and gluco-oligosaccharides. The present study evaluated the safety of this sweetener when administered as a dietary admix at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 g/kg to Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days. There were no treatment-related effects on the general condition and behavior as determined by clinical observations, functional observational battery and locomotor activity assessments. Evaluation of clinical pathology parameters revealed no toxicologically-relevant treatment-related effects on hematology, serum chemistry or urinalysis. Macroscopic and microscopic findings revealed no treatment-related effects on any organ evaluated. A treatment-related increase in mean food consumption was observed resulting in slightly higher body weight gains (2-4%) for both the male and female rats, which was not toxicologically relevant. Results of this study clearly demonstrate that consumption of high concentrations of sucromalt for 28 days is not associated with obvious signs of toxicity. 相似文献
108.
Kadiyala Madhu Balekuduru Avinash Banumathi Ramakrishna C. E. Eapen N. K. Shyamkumar Uday Zachariah George Chandy George Kurian 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2009,28(3):83-87
Background and aim
Patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension and negative etiological work-up for liver disease are often labeled as having cryptogenic cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate causes of liver disease in patients with unexplained intrahepatic portal hypertension. 相似文献109.
Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder: A Disorder Comes of Age 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vijaya Manicavasagar Claire Marnane Stefano Pini Marianna Abelli Susan Rees Valsa Eapen Derrick Silove 《Current psychiatry reports》2010,12(4):290-297
This article explores accruing evidence supporting the occurrence of an adult form of separation anxiety disorder (ASAD),
a category yet to be recognized by international classification systems. ASAD can have its first onset in adulthood, although
in a portion of cases, it represents a persistence or recurrence of the childhood-onset type. Recent large-scale clinic studies
have suggested that ASAD is associated with high levels of disability. In addition, the presence of ASAD in individuals with
anxiety disorders seems to signal a poor outcome to cognitive-behavioral therapy. The existing evidence suggests possible
grounds for removing the childhood-onset requirement for the category of separation anxiety disorder, thereby allowing for
first onset in adulthood. There is a pressing need to design and test appropriate treatments for ASAD and to educate clinicians
to identify and manage the condition. 相似文献
110.
Studies were carried out to evaluate the repellent action of neem oil against Culex quinquefasciatus. Application of 2 and 5 per cent neem oil @ 5 ml/person/night gave 50 and 40.9 per cent protection in indoor collections and 17.4 and 5.6 per cent in outdoor collections as compared with that of untreated control respectively. The protection time ranged from 0100 to 0300 hrs and 0100 to 0600 hrs in indoor and outdoor collections respectively. Results of repellent action of Autan, a synthetic mosquito repellent studied concurrently showed a relatively higher protection rate from the bites of Cx. quinquefasciatus. 相似文献