平贝碱乙的分离和鉴定

本文报道了自东北平贝母(Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim)中分得一种新的甾体生物碱,经光谱(IR,MS,¹HNMR及¹³CNMR)解析和衍生物制备,推定其结构为5α,17β,22α-cevanine-3 β,6α,12α,14α,16β,20β-hexol,定名为平贝碱乙。     

单克隆抗体博来霉素A6偶联物对白血病细胞特异性结合与内化

抗CCT2单克隆抗体博来霉素A6偶联物可吸附胶体金颗粒(McAb-A6-Au)。电镜观察表明,在4℃,1h,表面有McAb-A6-Au颗粒的CEM细胞最高达78%;在37℃,4h,内化McAb-A6-Au颗粒的CEM细胞高达72%。而抗原性无关的U937细胞仅为14%。并且McAb-A6-Au颗粒能直接穿过细胞膜、核膜进入细胞浆和细胞核。37℃,1h已有10～18%的CEM细胞核内有McAb-A 6-Au颗粒。实验结果提示了单抗与博来霉素A6的偶联物与选择性地结合靶细胞,而且进入细胞速度快、穿透力强,有可能成为治疗白血病药物。     

Transvaginal ultrasonography combined with water-contrast in the rectum in the diagnosis of rectovaginal endometriosis infiltrating the bowel

This prospective study evaluated the efficacy of transvaginal ultrasonography combined with water-contrast in the rectum (RWC-TVS) in the diagnosis of rectal infiltration in 35 women with rectovaginal endometriosis; ultrasonographic findings were compared with surgery and histology. The sensitivity of RWC-TVS in identifying rectal infiltration reaching at least the muscular layer was 100%, the specificity was 85.7%, the positive predictive value was 91.3%, and the negative predictive value was 100%. In 4 of 5 (80.0%) nodules reaching the submucosa, the depth of infiltration was underestimated by RWC-TVS. The RWC-TVS reliably determined the largest diameter of the endometriotic nodules and was well tolerated by the patients.     

Deep dyspareunia: causes, treatments, and results

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We critically review the causes and treatments of deep dyspareunia. RECENT FINDINGS: Endometriosis, pelvic congestion syndrome, and interstitial cystitis have been associated with deep dyspareunia. Although medical therapies may improve deep dyspareunia in women with endometriosis, laparoscopic excision of deep endometriotic lesions has been demonstrated to improve not only deep dyspareunia but also the quality of sex life. Deep dyspareunia related to the presence of pelvic congestion syndrome should be treated by pelvic vein embolization. Intravesical therapy may be effective in treating deep dyspareunia in women with interstitial cystitis. It remains unclear whether uterine myomas and adenomyosis are causes of deep dyspareunia. SUMMARY: Treatment of deep dyspareunia should be mainly directed to causative factors; however, clinicians should keep in mind that secondary sexual dysfunction can arise from organic pelvic pathology.     

Atherosclerosis in women with endometriosis

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine whether women with endometriosis have greater subclinical atherosclerosis than the general population. STUDY DESIGN: This case-control study included 66 women with endometriosis and 66 controls matched for age and body mass index. All subjects were >or=35 years old. Exclusion criteria were obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, renal or metabolic diseases. Before laparoscopy, all patients underwent a measurement of intima-media thickness (IMT) and distensibility coefficient (DC) on the common carotid artery. In addition, blood samples were taken to determine the levels of lipids, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fasting glycemia, antithrombin III, plasminogen, protein C, protein S, and activated protein C resistance. RESULTS: All the biochemical parameters evaluated had similar levels in the two study groups. IMT was similar in women with endometriosis and in controls both on left (p=0.330) and right (p=0.648) carotid artery. Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the DC between women with endometriosis and controls both on left (p=0.539) and right (p=0.178) carotid artery. No significant difference was observed in IMT and DC between women with mild and severe endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Women with endometriosis do not have more subclinical atherosclerosis than the general population.