Post-steroid elevations of intraocular pressure in patient after radial keratotomy

PURPOSE: The evaluation of frequency and amplitude of IOP elevations in patients after RK who were administrated topically dexamethasone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: RK was carried out in 90 eyes (55 patients). All these patients had been treated topically with 0.1% dexamethasone (Maxitrol, Alcon) since the first day after surgery till the period of 3 months in lowering doses. IOP was measured using air-puff tonometer (Reichert, USA) before surgery and on 1, 2, 3, 14, 30, 50, 90 day after RK. In case of IOP elevations the measurements were made more often. RESULTS: The mean IOP before surgery was 14.88 +/- 2.86 mm Hg for women and 16.14 +/- 2.83 mm Hg for men. In the period of 3 months after RK maximum IOP increased significantly both for women (mean: 21.46 +/- 7.51 mm Hg) and men (mean: 26.14 +/- 8.87 mm Hg). IOP higher than 25 mm Hg was observed in 35 eyes (37.7%). These IOP elevations were observed more often in men than women but this difference was not statistically significant. There was no correlation between frequency of IOP elevations and preoperative refractive error or the age of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The usage of steroids after RK requires careful monitoring of IOP. This subject needs further studies to answer if these IOP elevations can damage eye functions.     

The evaluation of morphological status of bulbar conjunctiva after long-term antiglaucoma drug therapy

The aim of this study was to examine the histopathologic picture of bulbar conjunctiva in glaucoma patients receiving topical antiglaucoma treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Generally healthy patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) were included in our study. Conjunctiva specimens were obtained from the area of further fistula of 51 patients undergoing trabeculectomies and assessed by routine histopathological staining. RESULTS: Non-specific inflammatory infiltration, thickening of the epithelium, decreased numbers of Goblet cells, proliferation of fibroblasts, collagen deposition and fibrosis were observed in the obtained material. Changes in cellular profile and in the extracellular composition of bulbar conjunctivas in patients receiving long-term topical antiglaucoma treatment were detected.     

Trans-sclerally fixated PC-IOLs: six year of investigations

PURPOSE: To present the results of PC IOLs transscleral fixation to the ciliary sulcus in six years follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 152 eyes in 3 groups: 15 eyes with primary fixations of PC IOLs, 92 eyes with secondary fixations of PC IOLs and 45 eyes with secondary fixations of PC IOLs combined with penetrating keratoplasty. RESULTS: Postoperative corrected visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 32.2% of cases, the most common complications in our material was CME (9.9%), lens tilt (4.6%) and increase of IOP (3.95%). CONCLUSION: Transscleral fixation of PC IOLs offers good visual outcome with relatively low rate of complications and is recommended in cases with inadequate posterior capsule support.     

The evaluation of the usefulness of phacotrabeculectomy as the only surgery for glaucoma and cataract patients

PURPOSE: To evaluate IOP changes after phacotrabeculectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 24 glaucoma patients (27 eyes) with coexistence of cataract. Age: 56-79 years. Mean IOP level before surgery: 23.2 +/- 2.4 mm Hg. In all cases phacotrabeculectomy was performed. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months. RESULTS: IOP decrease after surgery was achieved: mean decrease 7.1 +/- 2.3 mm Hg after 3 months and 5.5 +/- 2.4 mm Hg, and 4.1 +/- 2.1 mm Hg after 6 and 12 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Phacotrabeculectomy combines all advantages of phacoemulsification and creates perspective for IOP normalization.     

Potential anti-anxiety, anti-addictive effects of LY 354740, a selective group II glutamate metabotropic receptors agonist in animal models

Despite there being a lot of biochemical data about metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, our knowledge of the behavioural effects of mGlu receptor agonists/antagonists is still inadequate. LY 354740 is a systemically active agonist of group II mGlu receptors. After peripheral administration, LY 354740 produced anxiolytic-like effects in the conflict drinking test in rats and a four-plate test in mice. It was also found that LY 354740 decreased spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, but did not disturb motor coordination. In behavioural models of depression including the despair test and a tail suspension test, LY 354740 did not produce antidepressant-like effects. LY 354740 inhibited the naloxone-induced symptoms of morphine withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. The above results indicate that agonists of group II mGlu receptors may play a role in the therapy of anxiety and/or drug-dependence states. The brain sites of action of LY 354740 need to be identified and the mechanism of both the above described effects remains to be elucidated.     

Pituitary apoplexy: Endocrine,surgical and oncological emergency. Incidence,clinical course and treatment with reference to 799 cases of pituitary adenomas

Summary Authors analised retrospectively the incidence of pituitary apoplexy in a series of 799 pituitary adenomas with respect to the long term follow-up of the patients.Focal vascular abnormalities in histological specimens of tumours, regarded as morphological suggestion of past apoplexy (heamorrhage, ischaemic infarction or necrosis), were established in 113 out of 783 surgical cases (14.4%).Acute clinical onset, justifying the clinical diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy, occurred in 39 patients only (5% of the whole series), 19 of them were subjected to urgent surgical decompression due to severe neurological deficit. The haemorrhagic character of apoplexy was established in most cases requiring immediate surgery.The detailed clinical picture of this condition and its management are discussed with respect to the long term prognosis.On this basis the authors suggest the necessity of surgical treatment in every case of pituitary apoplexy, taking into account not only neurological recovery, but also endocrine and oncological aspects of the disease. The observation that pituitary apoplexy may be a marker of tumour invasiveness (even in small, enclosed adenomas) is highlighted.     

The effect of haloperidol,spiperone and pimozide on the flexor reflex of the hind limb of the spinal rat

Summary It was found that spiperone and pimozide in doses which themselves do not influence the flexor reflex of the hind limb of the spinal rat inhibit stimulation of this reflex induced by serotoninomimetic drugs (LSD and fenfluramine). Higher doses of spiperone depress the flexor reflex and inhibit the stimulating effect of clonidine. Pimozide has no such effect. Haloperidol in doses which do not influence the action of LSD and fenfluramine produces a depression of the flexor reflex and antagonizes the action of clonidine. Our findings indicate that, irrespective of their antidopamine action, spiperone has a central antiserotonin effect and an antinoradrenaline one, pimozide—an antiserotonin one and haloperidol—an antinoradrenaline one.The results of this paper were presented at the Polish-Hungarian Symposium on Monoaminergic mechanisms in Tihany, June 21–23, 1977.     

Preliminary evaluation of the Polish tissue adhesive “Chirurcoll/Polfa” in urology

During the past two years, from June 7, 1974 to August 9, 1976, the authors used the Polish tissue adhesive Chirurcoll/Polfa in 60 operated patients. The operations were performed on the solitary kidney, on the kidneys of staghorn calculi, in fixation of a floating kidney and, fixation and elevation of the bladder in women with urinary stress incontinence.In all cases the postoperative course was smooth and the results of operation were satisfactory. None of the patients were re-operated and histological examinations were not performed,     

Application of arylosulfonic acids in analysis of antidepressive drugs

Suitability of three phenylsulphonyloxybenzenesulfonic acids and their sodium salts to form new derivatives with antidepressive drugs were studied. Then physicochemical properties of the obtained arylosulfonates were tested. Reagents mentioned above were also used in analysis of these drugs.     

Derivates of 1,1-dioxo-1,4,2-benzoditiazines. Part XII. Synthesis and pharmacology of some 6-chloro-3-carboxyalkylamino-7-methyl-1,1-dioxo-1,4,2-benzodithiazines

Preparation of some novel 6-chloro-3-carboxyalkylamino-7-methyl-1,1-dioxo-1,4,2-benzodithiazines (I-V) and its sodium salts (Ia, IVa) have been elaborated. Their chemical structures have been confirmed by elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR spectrometry. In preliminary pharmacological examination compounds I, Ia, IV and IVa exhibited low acute toxicity, moreover investigated compounds shown hypertensive and cholagogic activity (I, Ia) and also hypotensive (IV, IVa) or diuretic (Ia, IVa) activity, on the other hand above mentioned compounds didn't exhibit antiarrhythmic activity. Some relationships between the chemical structure and pharmacological activity of the investigated compounds have also been discussed.