膝骨关节病性髁间窝撞击症的镜下诊断与治疗

目的 探讨膝骨性关节炎合并股骨髁间窝撞击症的诊断和治疗方法.方法 关节镜下确诊合并股骨髁间窝撞击症的膝骨性关节炎患者37例43膝.采用镜下清理骨赘、股骨髁间窝扩大成形术治疗.结果 43膝均获随访,时间6～24个月.术前Lysholm评分平均61分(41～80分) ,术后平均85分(75～100分),关节功能均获明显改善(P＜0.05).结论 关节镜检查及镜下微创手术对膝骨关节病性髁间窝撞击症的诊断和治疗有着重要的价值,镜下股骨髁间窝扩大成形术是治疗该病的有效方法.     

Abdominal computed tomography findings of malignant tumors in patients with solid organ transplants

AIMS: Incidence of malignancy in solid organ transplant recipients is higher compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to characterize distribution and appearance of abdominal malignant tumors detected with spiral computed tomography (CT) examination in patients with solid organ transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between July 1994 and April 2006, 198 patients underwent liver transplantation and 568 patients underwent renal transplantation in our center. The abdominal CT studies were reviewed to determine the presence or absence of abdominal malignancy. All abdominal CT examinations were performed prior to immunomodulation or chemotherapy. RESULTS: Eleven renal and one liver transplantation patient developed an abdominal malignancy. Among 11 renal transplantation patients eight were diagnosed as abdominal Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and three as posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) upon spiral CT examination. In two patients the transplanted organ itself had malignant tumors: one patient had PTLD with Burkitt lymphoma in the transplanted liver and the other a renal cell carcinoma in the transplanted kidney. Abdominal PTLD and KS showed imaging findings and the site of organ involvement somewhat different from nontransplant patients. The most common pathologies in KS were liver lesions (n=6) and lymphadenopathy (n=6). But in abdominal PTLD, the spleen (n=3) was the most involved organ. CONCLUSIONS: The early diagnosis of abdominal malignancies after solid organ transplantation is crucial for the patient's prognosis, especially under immunosuppression. The abdominal spiral CT examination was an effective modality to depict a malignancy among patients with solid organ transplantation.     

寰枢关节360°松解在经口寰枢椎复位钢板内固定术治疗僵硬难复性寰枢椎脱位中的应用

目的探讨在经口寰枢椎复位钢板(TARP)内固定术中采用寰枢关节360°松解技术治疗僵硬难复性寰枢椎脱位的临床疗效。方法 2005年1月—2014年12月,对23例常规方法不能彻底松解的僵硬难复性寰枢椎脱位患者采用寰枢关节360°松解TARP内固定术治疗。通过术前、术后影像学检查(X线、CT三维重建和MRI)判断寰枢椎复位、内固定器位置及脊髓受压改善情况。采用日本骨科学会(JOA)评分评估患者临床症状改善情况。结果所有患者手术均顺利完成,术后颈椎局部症状和肢体麻木无力均不同程度改善,术后影像学资料显示内固定位置满意,脊髓压迫均彻底解除。所有患者术后随访6~12个月(平均9.3个月),末次随访时JOA评分由术前(8.5±3.2)分提高至(13.2±2.1)分;所有患者均获骨性融合。除1例患者因术中硬膜破裂,二期拆除TARP改为后路枕颈固定,其他患者未发生感染、神经血管损伤、钉板松脱等并发症。结论按常规方法不能完成充分松解的由陈旧性骨痂和瘢痕等因素造成的僵硬难复性寰枢椎脱位,采用寰枢关节360°松解技术可以获得彻底松解,再行TARP内固定术即可完成寰枢关节的完全复位,彻底解除脊髓压迫。     

腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌Miles手术对会阴部伤口愈合的影响

目的比较腹腔镜辅助与开腹直肠癌Miles根治术对会阴部伤口愈合的影响。方法收集2008年1月至2009年12月期间我院行腹腔镜Miles根治术的54例(腹腔镜组)及行开腹Miles根治术的48例(开腹组)直肠癌患者的临床资料,比较2组患者会阴部伤口的甲级愈合率、全程手术时间、会阴部手术时间、术中出血量、术后骶前引流量及术后第3天血白蛋白水平的差异。结果 2组患者在性别、年龄、肿瘤Dukes分期、术前白蛋白水平及术前合并症方面差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。腹腔镜组的会阴部伤口甲级愈合率(2χ=5.54,P0.05)及术后第3天血白蛋白水平(t=3.92,P0.01)均明显高于开腹组。腹腔镜组会阴部手术时间(t=6.64,P0.01)、术中出血量(t=6.05,P0.01)和术后骶前引流量(t=12.86,P0.01)均明显短于或少于开腹组。结论腹腔镜辅助Miles根治术较开腹Miles手术具有更高的会阴部伤口甲级愈合率,这可能与腹腔镜手术创伤小、出血少及会阴部手术时间更短有关。     

GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化复合树脂修复切缘缺损疗效观察

目的：应用GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化复合树脂修复切缘缺损观察病例的疗效。方法：将189颗切缘缺损牙齿应用GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化复合树脂进行修复,并经过2年的随访观察。结果：应用GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化复合树脂进行修复切缘缺损成功率为97.88%。结论：GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化纳米混合型复合树脂模仿自然牙体散射和漫反射的光学原理,实现＂隐形＂修复（变色龙效果）。同时具有良好的粘结性能,高抗压强度,良好光泽度和抛光性,长期稳定性强等特点。因此GC GRADIA DIRECT光固化复合树脂是修复前牙各类牙体缺损的理想材料。     

肝细胞癌患者肝切除术后严重并发症列线图风险预测模型的建立与评价

背景与目的:肝切除术后并发症的发生率较高,早期筛查术后严重并发症发生的高风险人群对于降低术后严重并发症的发生率具有重要意义.本研究通过分析肝细胞癌患者术后严重并发症发生的危险因素,建立术后严重并发症发生的个体化列线图风险预测模型,以期为肝细胞癌患者围术期管理的优化提供参考依据.方法:回顾性分析广西医科大学第一附属医院肝...     

Protective effects of pretreatment with Radix Paeoniae Rubra on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats

Objective： To investigate the effect of pretreatment with Radix Paeoniae Rubra （RPR） on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats and its protective mechanism.
Methods： Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups： Sham-operation group, ischemla/ reperfusion group （I/R group ）, RPR-pretreatment group and hemin group. The model of intestinal ischemia/ reperfusion was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 hour followed by 2-hour reperfusion. The effect of RPR on the expression of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） in lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and morphometry computer image analysis. Arterial blood gas analysis, lung permeability index, malondialdehyde （MDA） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） contents in lungs were measured. The histological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope.
Resalts： The expression of HO-1 in RPR-pretreatment group and hemin group was obviously higher than that in sham-operation group and I/R group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The level of MDA and lung permeability index in RPR-pretreatment and hemin group were significantly lower than those in I/R group （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）, while the activity of SOD in RPR-pretreatment and hemin group was obviously higher than that in I/R group （P〈0.01）. Under light microscope, the pathologic changes induced by I/R were significantly attenuated by RPR.
Conclusion： Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion may result in acute lung injury and pretreatment with RPR injection can attenuate the injury. The protective effect of RPR on the acute lung injury is related to its property of inducing HO-1 expression and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.     

经皮氧分压监测在急性呼吸窘迫综合征治疗中的应用

目的 观察经皮氧分压(PtcO2)在急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者中的变化特点,了解其在ARDS治疗中的作用.方法 采用经皮氧分压监测仪对49例ARDS患者实施连续动态监测PtcO2,记录通气前和通气后4、8、16、24 hPtcO2值,同期抽取动脉血检测PaO2、SaO2,记录心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP).并比较存活组与死亡组不同时间PtcO2的差异.结果 SaO2、HR、MAP随时间变化的程度不明显(均P＞0.05),PtcO2和PaO2随时间变化显著(均P＜0.05);存活组(35例)与死亡组(14例)PtcO2比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论 PtcO2监测对ARDS治疗能提供连续、可靠的指导作用,PtcO2早期的变化对判断预后有一定帮助.     

治疗白发中药内服方剂的组方原则及用药分析

目的：探求治疗白发内服方剂的组方思想及辨证用药特点,以期为白发的治疗与研究提供思路。方法：通过查阅文献收集到的292首治疗白发的内服中药处方,对其组方原则及用药特点等进行分析。结果：治疗白发中药内服方剂多以滋补肝肾、益气养血、祛风、健脾、养心、清热凉血等为治则组方,而以治疗肝肾不足、血热偏盛型处方为主,其中滋补肝肾类处方常用的有六味地黄丸、七宝美髯丹等,用药较多的则有：熟地黄、制首乌、生地黄、枸杞子、牛膝、当归、黑芝麻等。结论：治疗白发可在辨证论治的基础上,以七宝美髯丹等方为主方进行加减。