National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Identification of Boseongicola sediminum sp. nov., a Novel Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209)-tolerant Strain Isolated from Coastal Sediment in Xiamen,China

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of aromatic organic bromine compounds, which have been used in a broad array of polymeric materials (plastics, foams, resins, and adhesives) as brominated flame retardants. They are used in commercial and household products, including textiles, electronic equipment, airplanes, and automobiles, especially in China and the USA, because they are inexpensive with excellent flame-retardant effects[1]. During the past decade, over 14,000 tonnes of PBDEs have entered the market, and have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants[2].     

缺氧对内毒素耐受的THP-1细胞免疫功能的影响

目的 观察缺氧对发生内毒素耐受(endotoxin tolerance,ET)的人单核巨噬细胞(human mononuclear mac-rophages,T HP-1)免疫功能的影响并探讨其可能机制.方法 T HP-1细胞接受革兰氏阴性菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccha-ride,LPS)一次打击后分为四组.空白组:去除干预因素后继续培养,缺氧组:在空白组基础上予以氯化钴(CoCl2)处理,对照组:在空白组基础上予以LPS二次打击以形成ET,实验组:在空白组基础上给与缺氧及LPS二次打击.收集各组细胞总核糖核酸(ribonucleic acid,RNA),实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reac-tion,qPCR)检测白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)、白细胞介素12(interleukin-12,IL-12)、白细胞介素10(inter-leukin-10,IL-10)、转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)、CD80、CD40、胶原结构巨噬细胞受体(macrophage receptor with collagenous structure,MARCO)及缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha,HIF-1α).收集各组细胞上清液,酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测细胞因子IL-1β、IL-12、IL-10及TGF-β1表达;蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)检测细胞因子CD80、CD40、MARCO及HIF-1α蛋白表达.结果 qPCR结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组IL-1β、IL-12、CD80及CD40转录上调(P<0.05);但IL-10、TGF-β1及MARCO的转录下调(P<0.05).ELISA结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组IL-1β及IL-12分泌增加、IL-10及TGF-β1减少(P<0.05).Western blot结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组CD80及CD40蛋白表达增加、MARCO蛋白表达减少(P<0.05).与空白组和缺氧组相比,实验组及对照组的HIF-1α基因转录及蛋白表达均增加(P<0.05);但与对照组相比,实验组HIF-1α基因转录及蛋白表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 缺氧可破坏LPS诱导的THP-1细胞ET状态,从而加重炎症反应,该现象可能未通过影响HIF-1α而实现.     

VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65在颅内海绵状血管瘤的表达及意义

目的探讨脑海绵状血管瘤（CCH）组织血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）、转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）、核转录因子κBp65（NF-κBp65）的表达及意义。方法收集我院2009年6月到2011年12月CCH标本27例,脑动静脉畸形（AVM）标本9例和正常脑组织标本（颅脑损伤或癫痫术中切取的脑组织）6例,用免疫组化方法检测VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65的表达。结果CCH组织VEGF、NF-κBp65阳性表达率（分别是96．3％和70．4％）显著高于正常脑组织（分别为33．3％和0;P〈0．05）,而与脑AVM组织（分别是77．8％和44．4％）无显著差异（P〉0．05）;脑AVM组织TGF-β1表达阳性率（100％）显著高于CCH组织（33.3％,P〈0．05）和正常脑组织（16．7％,P〈0．05）。结论VEGF、TGF-β1、NF-κBp65在不同组织表达水平不一样,提示VEGF、NF-κBp65与CCH形成有关,而TGF-β1可能在其形成过程中意义不大。     

骨软骨瘤并假性动脉瘤1例

<正>患者,男,19岁。因"左大腿疼痛4个月"于2012年4月21日入我院就诊。患者于4个月前无明显诱因出现左大腿远端疼痛,休息后可稍缓解,不伴红肿、发热不适。后逐渐出现左小腿麻木,无多发性骨软骨瘤病史及家族史,无外伤史。入院后查体:左腘窝上方有一明显软组织包块,边界欠清,约鹅蛋大小,质韧,活动度差,局部皮温较高,听诊有清晰粗糙杂音。术前X线片示:左股骨下段内后侧可见一骨性突起,背关节面生长,左腘窝上骨性突起的后方见一卵圆形软组织块     

腹腔镜治疗交通性鞘膜积液的疗效观察(附25例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的效果。方法:回顾我院2010年8月~2013年12月间腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的患儿共25例,平均年龄5岁,左侧8例,右侧17例,术中发现对侧隐性鞘状突未闭2例。结果:手术均获成功,单侧手术时间15~20min,术中无精索血管和输精管损伤,随访无复发、睾丸萎缩、切口瘢痕等。结论:腹腔镜鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液,操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低,可同时处理对侧隐匿性未闭鞘状突。     

丙酸睾丸酮联合hCG诱导OHSS倾向PCOS大鼠模型的建模与评价

目的:制备卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)倾向多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)大鼠模型,并对造模方法进行评价.方法:将SD雌性幼鼠60只分为实验组(48只)和空白对照组(12只).实验组大鼠予颈背部皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮+中性茶油进行PCOS造模,空白对照组注射中性茶油,连续20 d.造模成功的41只大鼠随机分为PCOS对照组10只、高剂量人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)模型组(简称高hCG组)11只、中剂量hCG模型组(简称中hCG组)10只、低剂量hCG模型组(简称低hCG组)10只.高、中、低hCG组分别给予颈背部皮下注射高、中、低剂量hCG+0.9％氯化钠注射液干预,空白对照组和PCOS对照组注射0.9％氯化钠注射液,连续9 d.比较各组大鼠体质量、卵巢病理形态学改变、卵巢指数、卵巢最大横截面积、腹水评分、腹腔伊文思蓝(EB)含量、血清雌二醇(E2)水平.结果:模型组大鼠卵巢体积增大,卵巢指数降低,最大横截面积增大,卵巢出现多发性滤泡囊肿和黄体囊肿;E2水平升高;腹腔毛细血管通透性增加.与空白对照组相比,高hCG组各项指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);中hCG组除腹水评分外,其余各项指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);低hCG组除腹水评分、卵巢指数外,其余各项指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与PCOS对照组相比,高、中hCG组大鼠卵巢指数、卵巢最大横截面积、腹腔EB含量、血清E2水平差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);低hCG组卵巢指数、卵巢最大横截面积、血清E2水平差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:丙酸睾丸酮联合中剂量hCG可以诱导OHSS倾向PCOS大鼠模型,该模型的卵巢病理形态学改变、腹腔毛细血管通透性增加、血清E2水平明显升高,但未出现明显腹水,接近人类OHSS倾向PCOS患者的改变.     

芦黄颗粒对实验性动脉粥样硬化家兔C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6水平的影响

目的:观察中药复方芦黄颗粒对实验性家兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)炎性细胞因子水平的影响,探讨该方防治AS的机制.方法:40只新西兰白兔随机分为5组:假手术组、模型组、血脂康对照组、芦黄颗粒高剂量组、芦黄颗粒低剂量组.采用高脂饲料喂饲及动脉内膜球囊损伤法建立兔AS模型,制模成功后给予相应的药物8周,分别测定各组C反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的浓度.结果:与假手术组比较,模型组CRP和IL-6均明显升高(P<0.01和P<0.05),芦黄颗粒高剂量组血清CRP和IL-6水平均明显低于模型组(P<0.05和P<0.01),与血脂康对照组比较差异无显著性.芦黄颗粒低剂量组CRP水平与模型组比较差异无显著性.结论:芦黄颗粒可能通过抗炎机制,发挥抑制AS的作用.     

基于“魂魄飞扬”的多梦症病机探讨

多梦症是指睡眠不实,睡眠中梦境纷纭不休,醒后神疲乏力、头昏的一种病症。根据多梦症的临床表现,结合古代医籍,笔者提出"魂魄飞扬"是多梦症的发病机制,认为因脏腑虚损或邪气侵扰而出现魂不定、魄不平,发病为"多梦症",据此提出"定魂平魄"的治疗法则,临证治疗时根据患者病因病症灵活用药,可平肝定魂、益肺平魄,使得魂定于肝,魄平于肺。