Innervation of the trapezius muscle: is cervical contribution important to its function?

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the cervical plexus and the accessory nerve to the function of the trapezius muscle. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The neurotomies were performed in the left sides and the right sides served as within-subject controls. In group A, the accessory nerve was transected. The C2-5 were transected in group B, and both of the accessory nerve and C2-5 were cut in group C. The electrophysiologic, myophysiologic, and histologic changes of the muscles were measured. RESULTS: There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the three groups in the recovery rates of the transverse area of the muscles. The CMAP recorded from the experimental sides in group B were similar to the control sides. The values of the maximum tension of the tetanus contraction between the two sides showed no differences either (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The accessory nerve supplies the most important motor input to the trapezius. Motor innervations of the cervical plexus are not very significant.     

Computerized tomography based on DEI refraction information.

Conventional computerized tomography (CT) technique is based on the absorption contrast. In recent years, X-ray phase-contrast CT (PCCT) has been developing rapidly. It uses the phase information to reconstruct the object and provide high contrast and spatial resolution. Diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) method is one of the three phase-sensitive X-ray imaging techniques. DEI method employs an analyzer crystal to extract the object's refraction information which can be used for CT. However, when DEI refraction CT is combined with the conventional CT algorithm, it should be satisfied that the refraction information of an arbitrary point in the object is invariable at every projection view. In this paper, the invariance condition of refraction information is analyzed and two feasible methods are provided for reconstruction. Using these two methods, two samples of weak absorption are reconstructed with the experimental data obtained at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF).     

Odontoma: a clinicopathologic study of 81 cases.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Odontoma is the most common odontogenic tumor. It includes 2 types, the compound and complex odontomas. There has not been a series study of the clinical and histologic features of odontomas from Taiwan. This study evaluated the clinicopathologic features of odontoma in Taiwanese. METHODS: Cases of odontoma treated from 1998 to 2002 identified from medical records were included. The microscopic features, radiographic features, and clinical history of the patients were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 81 odontomas in 81 patients (36 males and 45 females) were included. There were 62 compound and 19 complex odontomas. The mean age of the patients was 18 years with the majority of odontomas occurring in the first (32%) and second decade (38%) of life. Odontomas had a marked predilection for the maxilla (70%) and for the anterior region of the jaw (83%), particularly for the anterior maxilla (62%). Sixty four (79%) of the 81 odontomas were associated with 80 impacted teeth, including 71 permanent teeth, 2 deciduous teeth, and 7 supernumerary teeth. Of the 71 impacted permanent teeth, the maxillary central incisor (27%) was most commonly affected, followed by the maxillary canine (26%) and mandibular canine (24%). Histologic examination revealed enamel matrix in 90%, dentin in 100%, cementum in 88%, pulp tissue in 96%, fibrous capsule in 93%, ghost cells in 83%, reduced enamel epithelium in 86%, and nests of odontogenic epithelium in 58% of odontomas. Dentigerous cyst was associated with 9% of odontomas. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, odontomas occurred most often in the first and second decade of life. Although complex odontomas are usually found in the posterior jaw, in this Taiwanese series they were most commonly found in the anterior maxilla. Odontoma is frequently associated with an impacted tooth and occasionally with a dentigerous cyst. No recurrence of odontomas was found after surgical excision with follow-up of 1 to 15 years.     

脉络膜黑色素瘤脱色素处理后Caspase-3的免疫组化研究

目的 观察凋亡基因Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤(choroidal melanoma)中的表达及分型与细胞凋亡的关系。方法 收集20例脉络膜黑色素瘤标本，对其进行Caspase-3免疫组织化学染色，观察表达情况及染色强度。结果 Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤有较好的表达，在梭形细胞型中5例／6例呈阳性表达，在混合型中6例／8例呈阳性表达，在上皮样瘤细胞型中3例／4例呈阳性表达，在坏死型中1例／2例呈阳性表达，且在各型之间没有显著性差异(P＞0．05)。结论 凋亡在脉络膜黑色素瘤中存在；Caspase-3在脉络膜黑色素瘤的发生发展中起重要作用。     

1.5T超导磁共振制冷系统的工作原理及日常维护

介绍GE 1.5T超导磁共振制冷系统的组成和工作原理,讨论日常维护的要点及其必要性。     

人血浆高敏感性C反应蛋白与代谢综合征相关性分析

目的:了解我国人群血浆高敏感性C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与代谢综合征(MS)关系及其它影响hs-CRP水平的相关因素。方法:1198例血浆标本来自2006年3月~2006年11月在浙江省桐乡市第三人民医院体检人群。采用Beckm an LX20血生化全自动生化仪及其配套试剂,测定上述空腹血浆标本中血糖(FPG)、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)和hs-CRP水平。MS诊断标准参照中华医学会推荐标准。采用SPSS13.0统计学软件,分析hs-CRP水平与MS关系及其它影响hs-CRP水平的相关因素。结果:男性hs-CRP水平(x±s=1.55±0.53)高于女性(x±s=1.32±0.56)(P<0.001)。15.3%被检者(183/1198)患有MS,其hs-CRP水平明显高于非MS者(P<0.001)。各MS判断指标中,分别有肥胖、高血压病、糖尿病、高TG、低HDL-c时,其hs-CRP水平也明显升高(P<0.001)。排除年龄、性别影响后,hs-CRP水平与MS显著相关(OR值2.18,P<0.001)。结论:hs-CRP水平与MS密切相关,hs-CRP水平增高可作为独立反映MS发生的标志性检测指标。     

卫生院改革中的"软法"运行现状及功能实现

乡镇卫生院改革是一项关乎农村稳定、农民安康的工程。从既有的工作轨迹及发展趋势来看,这项改革是在以“两办(中共中央办公厅、国务院办公     

院前紧急气管插管与机械通气24例临床分析

目的总结紧急气管插管与机械通气在院前急救中应用的经验,以期提高院前急救水平。方法回顾性分析24例院前气管插管与机械通气抢救心搏呼吸骤停病人的临床资料。结果24例病人气管内插管均获成功,成功率100%。完成气管内插管的时间是15s～60s,平均时间(25±15)s。心搏、自主呼吸恢复4例(16.7%),心搏恢复8例(33.3%);心搏及自主呼吸均未恢复12例(50.0%)。结论气管插管与机械通气是急诊抢救危重病人的基础,对保证进一步心肺复苏、挽留手术机会以及提高危重患者抢救成功率有重要意义。要加强对抢救人员进行紧急气管插管和机械通气的培训。