如何使性健康教育的收效更加实际——对职高师生访谈的启示

当前,中学生出现了一些性问题,这些问题带来了诸多严重的后果.尽管许多学校开展了性健康教育课,但是仍然存在许多困难.我们应该做的是重新考虑一下性教育应该包括什么内容,采用什么样的形式,学生和教师应该保持什么样的关系,要达到什么样的效果等等.本文通过对北京市一所职高的校长和几名学生进行访谈,了解此时此刻他们对性的认识和学校所面临的困难,并提出一些解决问题的方案.     

Involvement of Apoptosis in 3-nitropropionic Acid-induced Ischemicl Tolerance to Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Preconditioningofbraintissueswithsub lethalstressesorstimulicanresultinresistancetosubse quentlethalischemiceventsinaresponsecalledis chemictolerance .Recently ,severalstudieshaveshownthatasinglesystemicdoseof 2 0mg/kg 3 NPAcausednohistopathologicalabnorm…     

Relationship Among MRTA, DXA, and QUS

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) are the accepted modalities for the evaluation of fracture risk in the clinical setting. However, neither method provides a direct measurement of bone mechanics. In this study, we investigated a prototype device, known as a mechanical response tissue analyzer (MRTA), which provides direct mechanical measurements of mechanical properties of bone. A total of 56 healthy volunteers (20 men and 36 women) between the ages of 18 and 83 were recruited. The MRTA was used to measure the cross-sectional bending stiffness (EI) of the ulna bone. Axial speed of sound (SOS) at the ulna bone was determined by QUS; bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by DXA. Correlations, regression analysis, and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to compare the three modalities. These analyses revealed that although there are strong linear relationships among the data collected by the various technologies, the bone properties reflected by MRTA are not fully explained by DXA and QUS. We conclude that the total information conveyed by MRTA measurements is unique. Further research is needed to delineate the different qualities of bone strength that are captured by MRTA, but not by DXA or QUS.     

Genetic contributions to Parkinson's disease

Sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons and Lewy body inclusions. It is thought to result from a complex interaction between multiple predisposing genes and environmental influences, although these interactions are still poorly understood. Several causative genes have been identified in different families. Mutations in two genes [α-synuclein and nuclear receptor-related 1 (Nurr1)] cause the same pathology, and a third locus on chromosome 2 also causes this pathology. Other familial PD mutations have identified genes involved in the ubiquitin–proteasome system [parkin and ubiquitin C-terminal hydroxylase L1 (UCHL1)], although such cases do not produce Lewy bodies. These studies highlight critical cellular proteins and mechanisms for dopamine neuron survival as disrupted in Parkinson's disease. Understanding the genetic variations impacting on dopamine neurons may illuminate other molecular mechanisms involved. Additional candidate genes involved in dopamine cell survival, dopamine synthesis, metabolism and function, energy supply, oxidative stress, and cellular detoxification have been indicated by transgenic animal models and/or screened in human populations with differing results. Genetic variation in genes known to produce different patterns and types of neurodegeneration that may impact on the function of dopamine neurons are also reviewed. These studies suggest that environment and genetic background are likely to have a significant influence on susceptibility to Parkinson's disease. The identification of multiple genes predisposing to Parkinson's disease will assist in determining the cellular pathway/s leading to the neurodegeneration observed in this disease.     

神经生长因子基因转染联合强化铁营养防治豚鼠爆震性聋的实验研究

Objective To study the protective effects of adenovirus-mediated human beta-nerve growth factor gene (hNGFβ) transfer combined with iron fortified nutrition on blast hearing damage in guinea pigs. Methods Deafness was induced by blast (172dB SPL) in 35 healthy guinea pigs. Seven days after noise exposure, 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with adenovirus-mediated hNGFβ (Ad-hNGFβ) into the perilymphatic space (the gene group), another 10 guinea pigs were given hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet (the combination group), still another 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with artificial perilymphatic fluid (APF), and 5 guinea pigs served as control, given neither medicine nor noise exposure. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold shifts were monitored in the guinea pigs before blast exposure and after gene transfer. Changes in cochlear morphology were examined with immunohistochemical and HE staining. Results One week after successful inoculation of hNGFβ, it was noted that Ad-hNGFβ protein was expressed in each turn of the cochlea, and its intensity was almost equal. After gene transfer in the combination group and the gene group, ABR threshold shifts at week 1 and 4 were significantly smaller than those of the APF group. HE staining showed that the number of the spiral ganglion cells in the combination group and the Ad-hNGFβ group was significantly higher than that of the control group after 4 weeks (P<0.01). Conclusions Ad-hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet was effective in the prevention and treatment of blast hearing damage of cochlear hair cells.     

颈前部皮神经构筑研究

目的　为研究皮肤疾病和损伤提供皮神经构筑资料。方法　用S 10 0蛋白免疫组化染色法研究正常成人颈前部胸锁乳突肌前、后缘皮肤各层内皮神经的数量、分布及构筑特点。结果　 ( 1)皮肤乳头层内皮神经的小分支多分布在皮突下和乳头内血管丛附近。 ( 2 )真皮网状层内神经多位于小血管附近和汗腺、皮脂腺以及毛囊周围 ,神经分支呈串珠状或波纹形。 ( 3 )皮下组织内神经干和神经网同时存在。结论　皮肤内感觉神经树的分布及构筑特点与血管树相似。     

贲门失驰缓症介入治疗的疗效评价

目的：评价贲门失弛缓症球囊扩张介入治疗的疗效。方法：对20例贲门失驰缓症患者行球囊扩张术。结果：20例患者共进行了31次球囊扩张，人均1．5次（其中12例扩张1次，5例扩张2次，3例扩张3次）。术后患者吞咽困难明显缓解，主要并发症为疼痛和返流。术后随访无症状期为3－13个月。结论：球囊扩张术是治疗门失弛缓症的有效方法。     

青蒿知母汤治疗恶性肿瘤长期发热34例

恶性肿瘤患者发热较为常见,其发生有多方面的原因.临床上多使用糖皮质激素或非甾类解热镇痛消炎药治疗,有一定疗效但不良反应多.我们使用自制青蒿知母口服液治疗恶性肿瘤患者发热,取得满意疗效,现报道如下.     

Promoting effect of the Chinese medicinal herb, wikstroemia chamaedaphne and tung oil extracts on carcinoma of the uterine cervix induced by HSV-2 or methylcholanthrene (MCA) in mice

The promoting effect of the Chinese medicinal herb, Wikstroemia chamaedaphne and Tung oil extracts (WC and HHPA) on carcinoma of uterine cervix induced by HSV-2 or MCA in mice was studied. The results showed that WC and HHPA extracts were not carcinogenic themselves. After carcinogen HSV-2 and MCA treatment, WC and HHPA were added separately. The inducing rates by HSV-2 increased from 7.4% to 21.1% and 26.3%, those by MCA increased from 56.5% to 82.8% and 84.4%. There was a significant difference between the combined groups and groups with HSV-2 or MCA only. The experimental results suggest that these two kinds of extracts play a promoting effect on carcinogenesis. The relation between the carcinogenesis of uterine cervix or nasopharynx and WC or HHPA extracts is discussed.