木犀草素促进囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节因子氯离子通道开放

目的：研究木犀草素对依赖于3，5-环腺苷酸（cAMP）的囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节因子（CFTR）Cl^-通道的激活作用。方法：利用稳定共表达人CFTR与一种对卤族元素敏感的荧光绿蛋白突变体（EYFP-H148Q）的Fischer大鼠甲状腺（FRT）细胞模型，测定木犀草素对CFTR介导的I^-内流速度。结果：木犀草素能够以剂量依赖的方式激活CFTR的I^-转运，其对CFTR Cl^-通道的激活效应具有作用迅速、可逆的特点。木犀草素在发挥激活作用时依赖于腺苷环化酶激动剂Forskolin的存在，其单独与细胞孵育不提高细胞内cAMP的水平。结论：发现了木犀草素能够以剂量依赖方式激活CFTR，并且初步确定了木犀草素通过直接与CFTR结合发挥作用。     

Persistent stimulation of lens fiber cell Na,K-ATPase by sodium thiocyanate

The Na,K-ATPase partially purified from porcine lens fiber cells (Sen and Pfeiffer, 1982) is stimulated fourfold (specific activity) by treatment with sodium thiocyanate. The optimum conditions are 1.5 M NaSCN, 2 mg protein ml-1 reaction mixture, pH 7.0, with incubation continued for 30 min at 23 degrees C. Sodium docecyl sulphate-gel electrophoresis and [3H]ouabain binding studies indicate that the extent of purity is not increased significantly by the procedure. The high-activity preparation has elevated phospholipid:protein and phosphatidylethanolamine:sphingomyelin ratios compared with the deoxycholate-extracted starting material. The cholesterol:phospholipid ratio and phospholipid acyl group composition are not significantly altered by SCN- treatment. Measurements of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence polarization show that SNC- treatment produces approximately a 5 degrees C decrease in a membrane phase transition temperature. The phase transition also affects the activation energy of the Na,K-ATPase reaction and probably reflects the onset of the gel to liquid crystalline transition rather than the midpoint location of the transition per se. p-Nitrophenylphosphatase activity and Na,K-ATPase activity in the gel state membrane are also increased by SCN- treatment. Increased specific activity may result, in part, from a membrane fluidity-dependent enzyme activation but is also due, in part, to the expression of latent enzyme activity. Using ouabain-binding data and the specific activity of the activated preparation, it can be shown that the turnover number of the fiber cell enzyme is approximately 1% of that observed in most other tissues.     

Dietary Fibre and Organic Acids in Kiwifruit Suppress Glycaemic Response Equally by Delaying Absorption—A Randomised Crossover Human Trial with Parallel Analysis of 13C-Acetate Uptake

Non-sugar components of kiwifruit reduce the amplitude of the glycaemic response to co-consumed cereal starch. We determined the relative contribution of different non-sugar kiwifruit components to this anti-glycaemic effect. Healthy participants (n = 9) ingested equal carbohydrate meals containing 20 g starch as wheat biscuit (WB, 30 g), and the sugar equivalent of two kiwifruit (KFsug, 20.4 g), either intrinsic or added as glucose, fructose and sucrose (2:2:1). The meals were WB+KFsug (control, no non-sugar kiwifruit components), WB + whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF), WB + neutralised kiwifruit pulp (WB+KFneut), WB + low-fibre kiwifruit juice (WB+KFjuice) and WB+KFsug + kiwifruit organic acids (WB+KFsug+OA). All meals were spiked with 100 mg sodium [1-¹³C] acetate to measure intestinal absorption. Each participant ingested all meals in random order. Blood glucose and breath ¹³CO₂ were measured at ingestion and at 15 min intervals up to 180 min. Compared with WB+KFsug, whole kiwifruit pulp (WB+KF) almost halved glycaemic response amplitude (p < 0.001), reduced incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (iAUC) at 30 min (peak) by 50% (p < 0.001), and averted late postprandial hypoglycaemia. All other treatments suppressed response amplitude half as much as whole kiwifruit and averted acute hypoglycaemia, with little effect on iAUC. Effects on ¹³CO₂ exhalation paralleled effects on blood glucose (R² = 0.97). Dietary fibre and organic acids contributed equally to the anti-glycaemic effect of kiwifruit by reducing intestinal absorption rate. Kiwifruit flesh effectively attenuates glycaemic response in carbohydrate exchange, as it contains fructose, dietary fibre and organic acids.     

Effect of test order on sensitivity in vulvodynia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of order of sensitivity testing at the vulva and thumb on the sensitivity determined at the second site tested among women with and without vulvodynia. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated the stability of sensitivity measurements to pressure at the vulva and thumb when the order of testing was randomized to vulva first vs. thumb first; we repeated testing 1 week later in the opposite order. RESULTS: Stability of results over time and the influence of the order of testing were determined among 13 women with vulvodynia and 20 asymptomatic control women. We found a strong correlation between results compared between the first and second visits as well as no order effect. CONCLUSION: The order of testing at vulvar and peripheral sites has little impact on the results of pressure-responsive sensitivity testing among women with and without vulvodynia.     

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灯盏细辛治疗脑梗死Meta分析

目的：系统评价临床应用灯盏细辛注射液治疗脑梗死的疗效和安全性。方法：在中国知网、万方数字资源系统等中文数据库中搜索相关文献,依据系统分析的纳入标准和排除标准对搜索的相关文献进行筛选,选取专业人员依据ladad质量记分法对文献进行质量分析并进行信息提取,最后,应用Collaboration协作网提供的RevMan5．1进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入12项随机对照研究,有效率的Meta分析结果显示：x^2=26．96,dr=11,i2=0,合并效应量进行：OR=4．93,95％cI（3．63,6．86）．显著性检测显示：Z=10．26（P〈0．00001）,漏斗图表现偏倚;治愈率的Meta分析结果显示：x^2=6．04,df=11,I2=0,对合并效应量估计：OR=2．27,95％CI（1．72,2．99）,显著性检测显示：Z=5．83（P〈0．00001）,漏斗图表现偏倚。结论：灯盏细辛注射液治疗脑梗死疗效优于对照组,但由于在发表文献过程中,阳性结果论文比阴性结果的论文更容易被接受,所以造成搜索出的文献存在一定程度报道失真,造成统计分析结果发生偏倚。     

替考拉宁治疗胰十二指肠切除术后革兰阳性球菌肺部感染的疗效观察

目的观察替考拉宁对行胰十二指肠切除术患者术后出现革兰阳性球菌肺部感染的疗效以及安全性。方法对31例肺部革兰阳性球菌[耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌(MRSE)、粪肠球菌/溶血性葡萄球菌]感染的胰十二指肠切除术后患者给予替考拉宁治疗,观察药敏结果、疗程及预后。结果31例肺部革兰阳性球菌对替考拉宁全部敏感;替考拉宁总痰菌清除率较高(90.32%),痰菌清除时间较短(13.2±4.0)d;替考拉宁未调整剂量,未发现明显肝肾功能损害及其他严重并发症。结论对于胰十二指肠切除术后革兰阳性球菌肺部感染,替考拉宁敏感率较高,总体疗效好,安全性较好,敏感菌清除时间较短,控制胰十二指肠切除术后革兰阳性球菌肺部感染效果明显。     

膀胱内大量积血的处理(附35例报告)

目的：探讨膀胱内大量积血的处理方法。方法：对2000年3月～2005年12月处理的35例膀胱大量积血病例进行回顾性分析。结果：对35例膀胱内大量积血的患者,通过选择不同方式（膀胱冲洗、膀胱镜下手术、开放手术等）成功清除了膀胱内积血。结论：根据患者的具体情况,合理选择处理方法可以及时、安全地处理多种痛因引发的膀胱内大量积血情况。