HPLC法测定六味安消胶囊中大黄素、大黄酚的含量

目的：建立用高效液相色谱法测定六味安水胶囊中大黄素、大黄酚含量的方法。方法：对样品的提取条件和色谱条件进行方法学研究。采用C18柱，流动相为甲醇-0．1%磷酸溶液（85：15），检测波长为254nm。结果：大黄素、大黄酚分别在162．72～813.60ng和335.68～1678.40ng范围内线性关系良好，平均回收率分别为：98．4%、98．7%，RSD分别为：2．6%、2．4%。结论：本法简便，准确，可作为该制剂的定量分析方法。     

盐酸吗啡缓释片治疗晚期癌症疼痛102例

目的 观察盐酸吗啡缓释片对晚期癌症的镇痛效果。方法 对102例中、重度癌痛患者进行治疗，盐酸吗啡缓释片开始剂量为30mg．每12h服药1次，在用药的过程中根据疼痛缓解程度来调整剂量。结果 102例显效68例（66．7％），有效29例（28．4％），无效5例（4．9％），总有效率为95．1％。结论 盐酸吗啡缓释片治疗癌症疼痛疗效显著，毒副反应轻，安全可行。     

Low dose gossypol for male contraception

Aim: To ascertain whether the side effects of gossypol, hypokalemia and irreversibility, could be avoided on dose re-duction. Methods: Seventy-seven male volunteers were divided into 3 groups: control (22 cases), 10 mg gossypol(29 cases) and 12.5 mg (26 cases). Serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH were measured by RIA and potassiumby flame photometry. Spema counts and motility were examined before and regularly after treatment for the evaluationof contraceptive efficacy. Results: The average sperm density and motility started to decrease significantly by theend of month 2 of medication and gradually reached the infertility levels ( < 4 million /mL) in both treated groups. Af-ter that the 10 mg group was asked to take the same dose every other day for up to a total observation period of 16-18months for the maintenance of infertility. Subjects in the 12.5 mg group did not take gossypol any more so as to ob-serve the length of the loading dose required, but in a few, a maintenance dose of 12.5 mg every     

Active and passive smoking and the risk of stomach cancer, by subsite, in Canada.

This study assessed the influence of active and passive smoking on the risk of stomach cancer by subsite. Mailed questionnaires were used to obtain information on 1171 newly diagnosed histologically confirmed stomach cancer cases and 2207 population controls between 1994 and 1997 in eight Canadian provinces. Data were collected on socio-economic status, lifestyle and passive smoking status. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived by logistic regression. Compared with those who had never smoked, there was strongly increased risk for ex- and current smokers among subjects with cardial stomach cancer. For men with cardial cancer, the adjusted ORs were 1.9 (95% CI 1.2-3.0) and 2.6 (95% CI 1.6-4.3) for ex-smokers and current smokers, respectively, with a similar pattern among women. Among men, the adjusted ORs were lower for subsites of stomach cancer other than cardia. These findings suggest that active and passive smoking may play an important role in the development of cardial stomach cancer.     

EVALUATION OF THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF nm23 GENE EXPRESSION IN BREAST CANCER

Mortality of breast cancer is almost due to subsequent metastases, but the micrometastasis is difficult to be detected. Early diagnosis of distant metastasis is a key to improve prognosis of breast cancer. The nm23 gene is a putative metastasis suppressor gene originally identified in murine melanoma cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nm23 gene expression (mRNA and protein) and distant metastasis of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pati…     

补肾益智方对由A_β片段神经毒性诱导NG108-15细胞老年性痴呆模型神经递质释放影响的研究

目的：观察补肾益智方对由Aβ片段神经毒性诱导的NG108－15细胞老年性痴呆（AD）模型神经递质释放的影响。方法：利用免疫印迹检查、免疫放射活性测定及电生理学测定方法，观察补肾益智方含药血清处理Aβ片段神经毒性诱导的NG108－15细胞后的胆碱乙酰基转移酶（ChAT)活性、突触素蛋白（synapsin)水平及功能性突触形成率。结果：补肾益智方含药血清组ChAT活性和突触素蛋白水平高于正常对照血清组；含药血清能调节递质释放能力和提高功能性突触形成。结论：补肾益智方具有减轻细胞对Aβ的神经毒性反应，表明该方能拮抗AD的病理发展，并通过提高神经递质释放能力发挥对AD的治疗作用。     

肾移植患者细菌谱的调查及耐药性的研究

目的：通过调查研究肾移植患者常见致病菌株分布特点及其对抗生素敏感性的规律，进一步提高临床治疗肾移植后感染患者的成功率。方法：1997年4月－2000年5月间，对拟诊为呼吸系和／或泌尿系细菌感染的肾移植患者进行，取其痰，咽拭子或中段尿标本进行细菌培养并作24种常用抗生素药敏试验，对结果进行统计学分析。结果：共有653份标本培养结果阳性，其中痰标本233份，咽拭子173份，中段尿247份，主要阳性菌株是铜绿假单胞菌，肺炎克雷伯杆菌，大肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌等。敏感率较高的抗生素有万古霉素，亚胺培南，阿米卡星和头孢他啶等，耐药率较高的有青霉素，氨苄西林，红霉素，苯唑西林和头孢唑林等。结论：（1）肾移植后感染的主要菌株种类与其他患者有所不同；（2）肾移植患者的感染菌株对抗生素敏感率最高的依次为万古霉素，亚胺培南，阿米卡星和头孢他啶，但耐药性也正在逐渐增强（3）肾移植患者的感染主要发生在呼吸和泌尿系统，其他部位的感染少见；（4）痰和咽拭子来源的细菌株对抗生素更敏感，中段尿来源的细菌则耐药株相对多见。     

变应性鼻炎基因芯片检测及其基因表达谱的研究

目的 运用基因芯片技术研究变应性鼻炎的基因表达谱。方法 对变应性鼻炎和非变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜组织进行总RNA抽提，纯化后的mRNA进行逆转录制备杂交探针，应用含有12800个人类全长互补DNA（complementary DNA,cDNA)的表达谱芯片对8例变应性鼻炎与非变应性鼻炎鼻黏膜组织进行差异表达谱分析。结果 在变应性鼻炎的基因表达谱中差异表达基因共有734条，上调的基因430条，下调的基因304条，共存性差异表达基因有21条，其中上调基因15条，下调基因6条，在差异表达的基因中，其中有些是炎性反应、免疫应答、免疫调控、神经内分泌网络系统及信号传导的相关基因，这些基因可能与变应性鼻炎发病机制有关。结论 运用基因芯片技术研究变应性鼻炎相关基因，可能为鼻变态反应性疾病的病因和发病机理的研究提供新思路。     

荧光定量PCR法检测呼吸系统感染儿童肺炎支原体DNA的分析

为探讨儿童肺炎支原体 (MP)感染的早期诊断 ,用荧光定量PCR(FQ -PCR)技术检测1010例疑似MP感染患儿血、痰中的DNA ,结果发现1010例患儿中MP -DNA阳性401例 ,占39.70 % ,其中血液标本阳性率23.60 % ,DNA平均拷贝数7.88×102;痰、咽拭子标本阳性率41.71 % ,DNA平均拷贝数2.71×103。血液与呼吸道标本之间MP -DNA量差异有显著性(P<0.005)。提示FQ -PCR可快速、敏感、准确地定量检测标本中MP -DNA ,了解MP在患儿体内感染和复制情况 ,有助于临床明确诊断与治疗方案的选择     

反相高效液相色谱法测定如意金黄贴膏中小檗碱的含量

 目的：黄柏在如意金黄贴膏中为君药，建立黄柏中小檗碱的定量方法。方法：采用反相高效液相色谱法测定小檗碱的含量。使用μ-BondapakTM C₁₈(3.9 mm×300 mm，10 μm)色谱柱，以乙腈-磷酸二氢钾-磷酸（300∶700∶1.50）为流动相，检测波长为350 nm。结果：此法线性关系良好，平均回收率为100.56%。结论：本方法精密度高，分离度良好，可用于如意金黄贴膏的质量控制。