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61.
M. Aslam A.A Siddiqui G. Sandeep S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):313-316
Aim
To find out the prevalence of obesity and glucose intolerance among nurses working in tertiary care hospital.Methods
Study was conducted in 496 apparently healthy females comprising two groups. Group B had 290 nurses and control group A had 206 age matched female subjects of general population. Detailed performa was filled which included anthropometry, systemic examination and other details. Fasting plasma glucose was done followed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects with body mass index ≥23?kg/m2 were categorized as ‘overweight’ and ≥25?kg/m2 as ‘obese’ as per criteria for Asian Indians. Women with waist circumference of ≥80?cm were categorized as ‘centrally obese’.Results
Mean age of subjects in groups A and B was 40.45?±?8.64?years and 40.50?±?6.96?years respectively. Significantly higher number of nurses (80%) were overweight or obese compared to controls (59.71%,P?=?<?.001). Similarly, central obesity was significantly higher in nurses (82.07%) compared to controls (67.96%,P?=?<.001). The prevalence of glucose intolerance (prediabetes and newly detected diabetes) was significantly higher in controls compared to nurses (45.63% vs 29.66%, P?<?.001).Conclusion
Every four out of five nurses working in tertiary care hospital have overweight/obesity and central obesity. Despite this they have lower rates of glucose intolerance. 相似文献62.
B.K. Mishra P. Shukla M. Aslam A.A. Siddiqui S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):839-842
Background
It is being increasingly reported that some of the youth onset diabetes patients cannot be classified clearly as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on usual criteria and the term double diabetes (DD) coined for these cases.Aim
The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of DD in youth onset diabetes patients from east Delhi and neighboring NCR region.Methods
A total of 200 patients with youth onset diabetes below 25 years of age were recruited from a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi. Clinical history, family history of diabetes and anthropometry of patients were recorded. Fasting serum C-peptide, Anti-IA2-antibody and Anti-GAD-antibody were measured in all patients. Patients positive for Anti-GAD-antibody (>1.05 U/ml) and C-peptide level >0.3 nmol/l were characterized as DD patients. Patients negative for Anti-GAD-antibody and C-peptide >0.3 nmol/l were kept under the category of T2DM. Patients with low C-peptide level along with one of the following, positive Anti-GAD-antibody, positive Anti-IA2-antibody and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were considered as T1DM. Remaining patients were kept under the unknown category.Results
Mean age of study subjects was 18.2 ± 7.1 years. Seven percent (7%) of the subjects were classified as DD, 51% as T1DM, 13% as T2DM and 29% were kept under the unknown category. Mean age of subjects with 22.2 ± 9.7, 16.9 ± 6.7, 20.6 ± 7.7 and 19.4 ± 7.4 years in DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category respectively. Mean BMI of subjects with DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category was 19.8 ± 5.7, 16.6 ± 3.7, 19.3 ± 4.1 and 18.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2 respectively.Conclusion
Double diabetes is an important occurrence among youth onset diabetes subjects. Only half of the subjects with youth onset of diabetes had T1DM. 相似文献63.
Timothy P. Baardseth Simon B. Goldberg Brian T. Pace Andrew P. Wislocki Nick D. Frost Jamila R. Siddiqui Abigail M. Lindemann D. Martin Kivlighan III Kevin M. Laska Aaron C. Del Re Takuya Minami Bruce E. Wampold 《Clinical psychology review》2013
Despite the evidence suggesting that all treatments intended to be therapeutic are equally efficacious, the conjecture that one form of treatment, namely cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is superior to all other treatment persists. The purpose of the current study was to (a) reanalyze the clinical trials from an earlier meta-analysis that compared CBT to ‘other therapies’ for depression and anxiety (viz., Tolin, 2010) and (b) conduct a methodologically rigorous and comprehensive meta-analysis to determine the relative efficacy of CBT and bona fide non-CBT treatments for adult anxiety disorders. Although the reanalysis was consistent with the earlier meta-analysis' findings of small to medium effect sizes for disorder-specific symptom measures, the reanalysis revealed no evidence for the superiority of CBT for depression and anxiety for outcomes that were not disorder-specific. Following the reanalysis, a comprehensive anxiety meta-analysis that utilized a survey of 91 CBT experts from the Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapists (ABCT) to consensually identify CBT treatments was conducted. Thirteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. There were no differences between CBT treatments and bona fide non-CBT treatments across disorder-specific and non-disorder specific symptom measures. These analyses, in combination with previous meta-analytic findings, fail to provide corroborative evidence for the conjecture that CBT is superior to bona fide non-CBT treatments. 相似文献
64.
A key challenge in the successful treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is its ability to transform into a dormant cyst form that is resistant to physiological conditions and pharmacological therapies, resulting in recurrent infections. The carbohydrate linkage analysis of cyst walls of Acanthamoeba castellanii showed variously linked sugar residues, including xylofuranose/xylopyranose, glucopyranose, mannopyranose, and galactopyranose. Here, it is shown that exogenous xylose significantly reduced A. castellanii differentiation in encystation assays (P?<?0.05 using paired t test, one-tailed distribution). Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) probes against xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase, as well as specific inhibitors, the findings revealed that xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase activities are crucial in the differentiation of A. castellanii. Inhibition of both enzymes using siRNA against xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase but not scrambled siRNA attenuated A. castellanii metamorphosis, as demonstrated by the arrest of encystation of A. castellanii. Neither inhibitor nor siRNA probes had any effect on the viability and extracellular proteolytic activities of A. castellanii. 相似文献
65.
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67.
Muhammad Umer Siddiqui Ahmed K. Pasha Ibtisam Rauf Justin Z. Lee Muhammad Danial Siddiqui Youssef Yaacoub Mohammad Reza Movahed 《Clinical Medicine & Research》2021,19(1):19
Objective: The study objective was to determine if peri-operative bridging anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation is beneficial or harmful.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Setting: Inpatient or in-hospital setting.Participants: Adults with atrial fibrillation having a CHADS2 score >1 undergoing elective surgical procedure on anticoagulation.Methods: A systemic search of multiple databases (Cochrane, Medline, PubMed) was performed regarding studies conducted on efficacy and safety of perioperative bridging anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation. Studies identified were reviewed by two authors individually before inclusion. The results were then pooled using Review Manager to determine the combined effect. Stroke/systemic embolism was considered as the primary efficacy outcome. Major bleeding was the primary safety outcome.Results: The systematic search revealed 108 potential articles. The full texts of 28 articles were retrieved for assessment of eligibility. After full text review, 25 articles were excluded. Three articles met inclusion criteria. No significant difference in stroke/systemic embolism with bridging anticoagulation was noted (risk ratio, 1.25-95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55–2.85). Bridging was associated with significantly higher risk of major bleeding (risk ratio, 3.29-95% CI, 2.25–4.81).Conclusion: An individualized approach is required when initiating peri-operative bridging anticoagulation. There is certainly a higher risk of bleeding with bridging anticoagulation and no difference in stroke/systemic embolism. However, the results cannot be extrapolated to patients who have valvular atrial fibrillation or CHADS2 score of 5 or greater. 相似文献
68.
Malvi Surti Mitesh Patel Mohd Adnan Afrasim Moin Syed Amir Ashraf Arif Jamal Siddiqui Mejdi Snoussi Sumukh Deshpande Mandadi Narsimha Reddy 《RSC advances》2020,10(62):37707
The outbreak of novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has infected more than 36 million people and caused approximately 1 million deaths around the globe as of 9 October 2020. The escalating outspread of the virus and rapid rise in the number of cases require the instantaneous development of effectual drugs and vaccines. Presently, there are no approved drugs or vaccine available to treat the infection. In such scenario, one of the propitious therapeutic approaches against viral infection is to explore enzyme inhibitors amidst natural compounds, utilizing computational approaches aiming to get products with negligible side effects. In the present study, the inhibitory prospects of ilimaquinone (marine sponge metabolite) were assessed in comparison with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, favipiravir, ivermectin and remdesivir at the active binding pockets of nine different vital SARS-CoV-2 target proteins (spike receptor binding domain, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Nsp10, Nsp13, Nsp14, Nsp15, Nsp16, main protease, and papain-like-protease), employing an in silico molecular interaction based approach. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro)–ilimaquinone complex were also carried out to calculate various structural parameters including root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), root mean square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg) and hydrogen bond interactions. PLpro is a promising drug target, due to its imperative role in viral replication and additional function of stripping ubiquitin and interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) from host-cell proteins. In light of the possible inhibition of all vital SARS-CoV-2 target proteins, our study has emphasized the importance to study in depth ilimaquinone actions in vivo.Inhibitory potential of ilimaquinone (marine sponge metabolite) against nine essential SARS-CoV-2 target proteins, employing a molecular interaction and dynamics simulation approach. 相似文献
69.
Afrasim Moin N. K. Famna Roohi Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi Syed Amir Ashraf Arif Jamal Siddiqui Mitesh Patel S. M. Ahmed D. V. Gowda Mohd Adnan 《RSC advances》2020,10(57):34869
Three drugs namely caffeine, paracetamol, and aceclofenac are commonly used for treating various acute and chronic pain related ailments. These 3 drugs have varied solubility profiles, and formulating them into a single tablet did not have the desired dissolution profile for drug absorption. The objective of the present research was to tailor the drug release profile by altering drug solubility. This was achieved by loading the drug into nanosponges. Here, three-dimensional colloidal nanosponges were prepared using β-cyclodextrin with dimethyl carbonate as a cross-linker using the hot-melt compression method. The prepared nanosponges were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR spectroscopy, DSC, XRPD studies and SEM. The FTIR and DSC results obtained indicated polymer-drug compatibility. The 1H NMR spectroscopy results obtained indicated the drug entrapment within nanosponges with the formation of the inclusion complex. XRPD studies showed that the loaded drug had changed crystalline properties altering drug solubility. SEM photographs revealed the porous and spongy texture on the surface of the nanosponge. Box–Behnken experimental design was adopted for the optimization of nanosponge synthesis. Among the synthesized nanosponges containing paracetamol, aceclofenac and caffeine, batch F3–P31, F3–A31 and F3–C31 were considered optimized. Their particle size was 185, 181 and 199 nm with an entrapment efficiency of 81.53, 84.96, and 89.28% respectively. These optimized nanosponges were directly compressed into tablets and were studied for both pre and post-compression properties including in vitro drug release. The prepared tablet showed desired drug dissolution properties compared to the pure drug. The above outcomes indicated the applicability of nanosponges in modulating the drug release with varied solubility for combination therapy.Polymeric nanosponges as potential carriers for successful combination therapy of poorly soluble drugs (paracetamol, aceclofenac, caffeine). 相似文献
70.
Accuracy of conventional digital palpation and ultrasound of the cricothyroid membrane in obese women in labour
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Success of cricothyroidotomy depends on accurate identification of anatomical neck landmarks. Anaesthetists palpated the cricothyroid membrane of 28 obese and 28 non‐obese women in labour (cut‐off BMI 30 kg.m?2) and marked the entry point for device insertion with an ultraviolet invisible pen. Ultrasonography was used to mark the midpoint of the cricothyroid membrane and the distance between the two marks was measured. The median (IQR [range]) distance between the two marks was significantly greater in the obese than the non‐obese patients (5 (2–9.5 [0–34]) mm vs 1.8 (0.1–6 [0–15]) mm, respectively; p = 0.02). The cricothyroid membrane was accurately identified with digital palpation in only 39% (11/28) of obese compared with 71% (20/28) of non‐obese patients (p = 0.03). Increased neck circumference in obese patients was significantly associated with inaccuracy in locating the cricothyroid membrane. Percutaneous identification of the cricothyroid membrane in obese women in labour was poor. Pre‐procedural ultrasound may help improved the identification of neck landmarks for cricothyroidotomy. 相似文献