自发性高血压大鼠永久性脑缺血模型建立的研究

目的在比较自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)与同龄无高血压Wistar大鼠永久性大脑中动脉阻塞(pMCAO)后脑缺血损伤情况并初步分析其可能机制。方法雄性SHR和Wistar大鼠各30只分别随机分为:pMCAO模型6 h组、假手术6 h组、pMCAO模型24 h组、假手术24 h组和正常组(均n=6)。采用线栓法制作pMCAO模型,术后6、24 h对大鼠进行神经功能学评分后处死,制作脑冠状切片。术后6 h处死大鼠脑部切片行尼氏染色后在组织学层面上观察神经元损伤情况;术后24 h处死大鼠脑部切片行尼氏染色后计算脑梗死体积和水肿程度百分比。正常组脑部切片经苏木精-伊红染色后计算脑部小血管壁/腔比。结果术后6和24 h,不同品系大鼠神经功能学评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后6 h尼氏染色示SHR神经元损伤重于Wistar大鼠。术后24 h SHR脑梗死体积百分比[(28.05±2.38)%]大于Wistar大鼠[(25.23±1.33)%],差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两品系大鼠之间脑水肿程度差异无显著性。脑部小血管壁/腔比SHR[(11.46±3.74)%]较Wistar大鼠[(8.73±1.73)%]增大(P0.05)。结论 pMCAO术后SHR的脑缺血损伤程度重于Wistar大鼠,可能与高血压引起的脑侧支循环血管壁增厚、僵硬,自我调节能力降低有关。     

有机溶剂作业场所通风排毒设施常见问题及控制策略

有机溶剂是工业生产中常见的职业病危害因素,所致的各类急慢性中毒时有发生。有机溶剂挥发至空气中呈无色透明状态,了解其在作业场所的挥发和分布特点,选择合适的通风排毒设施对于有机溶剂危害控制至关重要。本文拟通过分析有机溶剂挥发、分布的影响因素,结合各类通风排毒设施存在的常见问题,重点介绍有代表性的有机溶剂作业场所的通风排毒控制策略。     

益胃汤加味方对原发性干燥综合征疲劳症状的影响

目的:探讨益胃汤加味对改善原发性干燥综合征(primary sj?rgren's syndrome,pSS)气阴两虚、瘀血阻络证患者疲劳症状及免疫学指标的治疗效果。方法:将116例原发性干燥综合征患者按照随机、对照、单盲法分为治疗组与对照组,每组58例。治疗组给予益胃汤加味方,每日1剂,2次/d;对照组给予硫酸羟氯喹200 mg/次,2次/d,两组均连续治疗24周。比较治疗前后两组患者中医证候疗效、中医疲劳症状积分、疲劳症状视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)以及类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF)与血清免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)水平。结果:治疗后治疗组患者中医证候疗效优于对照组(Z=3. 712,P0. 05);治疗组中医疲劳积分与疲劳症状视觉模拟评分改善均优于对照组(P0. 05)。治疗6个月后,治疗组IgG水平较本组治疗前明显下降(P0. 05),与对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义。治疗后两组类风湿因子与本组治疗前比较均无明显下降。治疗组不良反应率1. 75%(1/57),对照组不良反应发生率为25. 49%(13/51)。结论:与硫酸羟氯喹相比,益胃汤加味方治疗pSS,可明显改善患者疲劳及总体症状,两者均可降低血清IgG,益胃汤加味方组疗效较硫酸羟氯喹更明显。两组药物对pSS患者RF水平均无明显影响。长期用药,益胃汤加味方治疗pSS较硫酸羟氯喹更为安全。     

Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) levels inversely correlate with lung function improvement (delta FEV1) in cystic fibrosis patients receiving ivacaftor treatment

Background

We have recently shown that human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) levels correlate with the severity of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. However, there are no data on how HE4 levels alter in patients receiving CFTR modulating therapy.

光化学作用对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子的释放

目的观察不同光敏剂在肿瘤细胞内的分布,以及光化学作用对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子的释放作用.方法使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察ALA、ALA-HE、HMME、TPPSa2在肿瘤细胞SW480、K562的胞内分布,使用FITC-右旋糖酐观察肿瘤细胞对荧光标记大分子的胞吞作用,通过光照激发光敏化细胞,动态观察光化学作用前后胞吞大分子FITC-右旋糖酐的胞内分布变化.结果ALA、ALA-HE、HMME、TPPSa24种光敏剂均表现为胞质分布,核内分布少.ALA、ALA-HE的胞内分布主要表现为胞质内的弥散性荧光.HMME则表现为胞质内颗粒状荧光与弥散荧光同时存在.TPPSa2为典型的胞质内颗粒状荧光分布.光敏剂在SW480、K562两种肿瘤细胞的胞内分布没有明显差异.光照激发不同光敏剂对肿瘤细胞胞吞FITC-左旋糖酐的胞内分布影响不同.由TPPSa2及HMME活化而产生的光化学作用表现出明显的荧光颗粒重分布,ALA、ALA-HE则对胞吞荧光无明显重分布作用.结论不同光敏剂因其不同的理化性质而表现为不同的胞内分布.光化学作用可对肿瘤细胞胞吞大分子产生胞吞释放作用,其作用机制可能与光化学作用对胞吞泡的破坏有关.     

When should patients begin ambulating following lower limb split skin graft surgery? A systematic review

Pretibial lacerations and lower limb wounds are referred to plastic surgery teams for split skin graft surgery. Traditionally, these patients have been immobilised on bedrest following surgery. More recently, patients have commenced ambulation earlier to avoid medical complications and facilitate discharge. The objective of this literature review was to determine when such patients should begin walking. A literature search was undertaken using the electronic databases AMED, Cinahl, Embase, Medline (via Ovid), PEDro and Pubmed. Clinical trials using human subjects, written in English, were included. Seventeen (of 1137) papers met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The literature suggested that patients should begin walking immediately or at the earliest possible opportunity after lower limb skin graft surgery. Although the literature advocated early ambulation, the evidence base presented with a number of recurrent methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, lack of a control sample, and limited follow-up. Accordingly, further research employing large, well-designed, randomised controlled trials is recommended. It will then be possible to understand with greater certainty when patients should begin walking after lower extremity split skin graft surgery.