A new approach for evaluating the resectability of pancreatic and periampullary neoplasms

ObjectiveTo establish a new standard for assessing the resectability of pancreatic and periampullary tumors by the Medical Image Three-Dimensional Visualization System (MI-3DVS).MethodsEighty cases of pancreatic and periampullary tumors were examined. The 64-slice multidetector CT (64-MDCT) images and patient data were processed by MI-3DVS. The main elements examined by MI-3DVS included tumor shape, size, and location; distribution of related vessels; luminal morphology of large vessels; distribution and morphology of the small peripancreatic veins; morphology, degree of dilation, and obstructive sites of bile and pancreatic ducts. Based on vascular characteristics of MI-3DVS findings, the cases were classified into five types. Type I and II were resectable, type III were potentially resectable or resectable with combined vascular resection and reconstruction, and type IV and V were unresectable. The outcome was then compared with corresponding CT angiography (CTA) analysis and actual surgical observations.ResultsAmong the 80 cases, MI-3DVS indicated that 60 were resectable and the remaining 20 were not. In contrast, CTA indicated 50 resectable cases and 30 unresectable cases. For 57 cases of pancreatic ductal carcinomas and all 80 cases periampullary tumors, MI-3DVS assessment yielded a positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 100%, a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 100%. While CTA generated corresponding values of 96%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 82.5%. The overall differences between the two methods were significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe new classification system is able to reliably assess the resectability of pancreatic and periampullary tumors.     

A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To investigate the relationship between ocular biometrics (OB) and myopia onset. OB data from students in 4 grades (aged from 6 to...     

光学相干断层扫描血管造影对DR诊断价值的Meta分析

目的：应用光学相干断层血管造影(OCTA)评估糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者中心凹无血管区(FAZ)和血管密度(VD)的变化。

方法：对OCTA在DR诊断中的应用文献进行系统回顾。搜索Medline、Embase、Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网数据库、万方数据库以查找相关研究,检索时间从建库截止到2020-09-20。仅检索中英文文献。两名研究者分别独立提取文献资料,包括浅层视网膜毛细血管层血管线性密度(VD_SCP)、深层视网膜毛细血管层血管线性密度(VD_DCP)、浅层FAZ面积和周长。绘制森林图、漏斗图,并采用Begg检验和敏感性分析,确保结果的准确性。

结果：共检索得24篇文献,纳入2 305眼。结果显示,糖尿病患者与健康对照组各指标均有差异(VD_SCP：WMD=-5.78,95% CI：-7.67～-3.88,P<0.05; VD_DCP：WMD=-5.08,95% CI：-6.49～-3.67,P<0.05; FAZ周长：WMD=0.57,95% CI：0.36～0.78,P<0.05; FAZ面积：WMD=0.08,95% CI：0.06～0.10,P<0.05)。

结论：DR患者FAZ面积更大,周长更长,与DR患者对比,对照组FAZ的VD较高。虽然目前OCTA的实际适用性仍然存在问题,但随着技术的不断发展和改进,OCTA在DR中的诊断价值可能会变得明显。     

Coalition of DNA polymorphisms of ApoB and ApoAI genes is related with coronary artery disease in Kazaks

Objective To explore the relationship between polymorphisms of XbaI and MspI loci of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene and -75 bp, +83 bp loci of apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) gene and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Kazaks of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Methods These loci were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-PFLP). Two hundred and five patients with CHD and two hundred and thirty six controls were involved. Results There were significant distinctions among low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and the ApoAI/ApoB ratio between the two groups, but no significant distinction among the polymorphism frequencies of the four sites between the two groups. The polymorphism coalition frequency of X--/Ms++/M1+-/M2++ (named Coalition 11) was significantly higher in CHD compared to the control group (14.6% vs. 7.2%, P < 0.05). The level of total cholesterol (TC) in Coalition 11 was significantly higher and the level of the ApoAI/ApoB ratio in Coalition 11 was significantly lower than Coalition 1~10 in CHD patients. The level of the ApoAI/ApoB ratio of Coalition 11 was significantly lower than the Coalition 1~10 in control group. The levels of ApoAI/ApoB ratio of Coalition 3 were significantly higher compared to Coalition 11 in the two groups, respectively. The level of LDL-C of Coalition 3 was significantly lower than in the Coalition 11 in control group. The level of TC of Coalition 5 was significantly higher than Coalition 3 in the CHD group. The level of the ApoAI/ApoB ratio of Coalition 5 was significantly lower than in Coalition 3 or Coalition 1~10 of the two groups, respectively. The level of LDL-C of Coalition 5 was significantly higher than in Coalition 3 in control group. The ratio of ApoAI/ApoB was negatively related to TC, LDL-C and was positively related to HDL-C, both in CHD and control groups. Conclusion Coalition 11 of the 4 loci polymorphisms of the ApoB and ApoAI genes was correlated with CHD in Kazaks, and perhaps the ratio of ApoAI/ApoB was the most diagnostic parameter related with CHD among all lipid parameters. CHD may also be associated with Coalition 5, and, perhaps, Coalition 3 may have been confirmed as a protection factor against CHD, if more samples were enrolled.     

神经内科重症监护病房内医院获得性肺炎的危险因素:回顾性病例系列研究

目的 探讨神经内科重症监护病房(neurological intensive care unit,NICU)内医院获得性肺炎(hospital-acquired pneumonia,HAP)的危险因素.方法 纳入2010年5月至2011年4月期间入住南方医院NICU≥48 h且年龄≥18岁的患者,回顾性调查其一般资料、入住NICU 24 h内最差格拉斯哥昏迷量表(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)评分以及急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分(Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation,APACHE)Ⅱ、是否发生HAP、在研究时间范围内是否存在某些基础疾病或症状、使用特定药物治疗或侵袭性操作等可能的危险因素,同时记录连续性医疗干预措施的持续时间,并对连续型变量进行量化分层.结果 共纳入243例患者,其中HAP 50例(20.6％).单变量分析显示,HAP组昏迷(44.0％对29.0％;x2=4.091,P=0.043)和APACHEⅡ评分≥15分(60.0％对38.9％x2=7.232,P=0.007)的比例显著高于非HAP组,两组间使用抗酸药(＜6 d:38.0％对19.7％;≥6 d:18.0％对25.9％;x2=7.521,P=0.023)、使用镇静药(＜2 d:30.0％对37.3％;≥2 d:46.0％对28.0％;x2=6.064,P=0.048)、使用血液制品(＜3 d:24.0％对9.8％;≥3 d:6.0％对7.3％;x2 =7.150,P=0.028)、气管插管(＜5 d:24.0％对10.9％;≥5 d:26.0％对15.5％;X2=10.698,P=0.005)、机械通气(＜4 d:6.0％对7.8％;≥4 d:30.0％对7.8％,x2=18.132,P=0.000)和留置鼻胃管(＜7 d:56.0％对37.3％;≥7 d:42.0％对44.6％;X2=10.410,P=0.005)存在显著性差异.多变量logistic回归分析显示,机械通气≥4 d[优势比(odds ratio,OR)6.481,95％可信区间(confidence interval,CI)2.522 ～ 16.654;P=0.000]、留置鼻胃管＜7 d(OR 12.504,95％ CI 1.614 ～ 96.869;P=0.016)和使用抗酸药＜6 d(OR 2.271,95％ CI 1.042 ～4.949;P=0.039)为NICU患者发生HAP的独立危险因素.结论 机械通气、留置鼻胃管和使用抗酸药为NICU患者发生HAP的独立危险因素,需采取有针对性的措施.     

Laminin-modified gellan gum hydrogels loaded with the nerve growth factor to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of neuronal stem cells

The reconstruction of peripheral nerves has lately received great attention as many patients suffer from peripheral nerve injury every year around the world. However, the damage to human nerve cells has different degrees of irreversibility due to a slow growth speed and low adhesion with the surrounding tissues. In an effort to overcome this challenge, we applied novel laminin (LN)-modified thiolated gellan gum (TGG) and loaded the nerve growth factor (NGF) as a tissue engineering scaffold for facilitating neuronal stem cell proliferation via a synergy effect for the ERK–MAPK pathway. TGG was characterized by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and its rheological behavior was also studied. The NGF release curve fitted the Korsmeyer–Peppas model and belonged to a Fickian diffusion-controlled release mechanism. The neuronal stem cells from newborn SD rats could adhere tightly and proliferate at a relatively rapid speed, showing excellent biocompatibility and the ability to promote growth in the modified TGG. LN and NGF could decrease the apoptosis effects of neuronal stem cells, as shown via the flow cytometry results. In a three-dimensional culture environment, LN and NGF could facilitate neuronal stem cells to differentiate into neurons, as proved by immunofluorescence, q-PCR, and western blot analyses. Therefore, the rational design of the TGG gel loaded with NGF has promising applications in the reconstruction of peripheral nerves.

Laminin-modified thiolated gellan gum and loaded with the nerve growth factor in facilitateding neuronal stem cell proliferation and differentiation.