基于高频中值滤波的小波滤波在脑动脉色素浓度谱特征信号提取中的应用

近年来,近红外光谱技术(mear infrared spectrometry,NIRS)在脑科学研究领域倍受青睐。为了更好地满足参数的后续使用并提取出有效特征信号,前期尝试了多种常用滤波方法,为了解决滤后信号易失真以及不能有效滤除低频或者高频噪声的问题,提出了基于高频中值滤波的小波滤波,并采用高度还原真实信号特点的仿真信号以及利用脑血流动力学参数采集系统获得的真实光电容积脉搏波(photoplethysmography,PPG)信号,基于中值滤波的小波滤波进行分析。将实验测试数据与其他滤波方法的特征信号提取效果进行对比,并对处理数据进行信噪比和频谱分析。结果表明,采用中值滤波与小波滤波相结合的滤波方式,对脑动脉色素浓度谱特征信号进行滤波处理,能获得有效、精准的脑血流动力学参数,为后续的测量精度打下基础。该方法有效结合了中值滤波能够剔除粗差的特性和小波滤波在光电容积脉搏波中有效滤除高斯信号的特性,改善了采用单一方式的局限性,提供了一种新的PPG滤波的思路,对比传统方法更加优化。     

老年血瘀证患者甲襞微循环的观察

本文从甲襞微循环角度，对老年血瘀证与中青年血瘀证进行了比较。结果表明．老年血瘀证组与中青年血瘀证组在红细胞聚集，微血流流态、综合判断方面异常发生率及程度均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。说明血瘀证不论年龄大小，有其共性，从中也可透视出中医“辨证”的重要性。     

Evaluating breast cancer predisposition genes in women of African ancestry

PurposeStudies conducted primarily among European ancestry women reported 12 breast cancer predisposition genes. However, etiologic roles of these genes in breast cancer among African ancestry women have been less well-investigated.MethodsWe conducted a case-control study in African American women, which included 1117 breast cancer cases and 2169 cancer-free controls, and a pooled analysis, which included 7096 cases and 8040 controls of African descent. Odds ratios of associations with breast cancer risk were estimated.ResultsUsing sequence data, we identified 61 pathogenic variants in 12 breast cancer predisposition genes, including 11 pathogenic variants not yet reported in previous studies. Pooled analysis showed statistically significant associations of breast cancer risk with pathogenic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, CHEK2, TP53, NF1, RAD51C, and RAD51D (all P < .05). The associations with BRCA1, PALB2, and RAD51D were stronger for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative than for ER-positive breast cancer (P heterogeneity < .05), whereas the association with CHEK2 was stronger for ER-positive than for ER-negative breast cancer.ConclusionOur study confirmed previously identified associations of breast cancer risk with BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, TP53, NF1, and CHEK2 and provided new evidence to extend the associations of breast cancer risk with RAD51C and RAD51D, which was identified previously in European ancestry populations, to African ancestry women.     

Effects of Wenyang Zhenshuai Granules on the Expression of Key Mitochondrial Autophagy Proteins in the Doxorubicin-Induced Model of H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Injury

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - This study aimed to explore the effects of Wenyang Zhenshuai granules (WZG) on the morphology of cardiomyocytes, cell viability, and the expression...     

Effect of Angiogenesis in Bone Tissue Engineering

The reconstruction of large skeletal defects is still a tricky challenge in orthopedics. The newly formed bone tissue migrates sluggishly from the periphery to the center of the scaffold due to the restrictions of exchange of oxygen and nutrition impotent cells osteogenic differentiation. Angiogenesis plays an important role in bone reconstruction and more and more studies on angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering had been published. Promising advances of angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering by scaffold designs, angiogenic factor delivery, in vivo prevascularization and in vitro prevascularization are discussed in detail. Among all the angiogenesis mode, angiogenic factor delivery is the common methods of angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering and possible research directions in the future.

     

基于多模态影像的难治性颞叶癫痫分型研究

约1/4的难治性颞叶癫痫患者的发作无法通过常规前颞叶切除术得到有效控制,这可能是因为疾病存在多种复杂的亚型,且部分亚型涉及颞叶外的脑区病变。基于多模态脑影像特征,使用隐含狄利克雷分布模型可以估计潜在疾病因子及各因子在患者大脑内的表达程度,有助于个体精准分型。该研究通过PET/MR同步一体扫描仪采集了86名难治性颞叶癫痫患者的T1加权影像和FDG PET影像,并采集了39名健康志愿者的T1加权影像和36名健康志愿者的FDG PET影像作为对照。该研究提取与癫痫病理相关的灰质体积和葡萄糖摄取值,使用隐含狄利克雷分布进行分型,将疾病因子的数量分别设为3、4、5,进行多次实验,并对四因子模型中的各疾病因子与临床指标之间的关系进行统计分析。研究发现,选取不同数量的疾病因子进行分型时得到的结果具有一定的相似性。在四因子模型中存在与病灶偏侧性、癫痫发作年限和认知能力显著相关（P<0.05）的疾病因子。该研究对颞叶癫痫分型具有一定的参考价值。     

一个Vici综合征家系的EPG5基因变异分析

目的探讨一个Vici综合征家系的遗传学病因, 为其遗传咨询和产前诊断提供依据。方法提取染色体核型和单核苷酸多态性微阵列芯片分析未见明显异常的双侧侧脑室增宽、胼胝体缺如胎儿的脐血及其父母和患病姐姐的外周血样DNA, 应用全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing, WES)技术进行基因变异检测, 针对可疑变异进行Sanger测序验证和生物信息学预测。结果 WES和Sanger证实胎儿和姐姐EPG5基因均存在c.2427delC (p.T809fs)和c.1886A>T (p.E629V))复合杂合变异, 分别遗传自其母亲和父亲, 两个变异均为未报道过的新变异。按照美国医学遗传学学会变异分类指南, c.2427delC变异为可能致病变异, c.1886A>T变异为临床意义不明确变异。c.1886A>T变异经PolyPhen-2和PROVEAN软件预测可能为有害变异。结论 EPG5基因c.2427delC和c.1886A>T变异为该Vici综合征家系的致病原因。上述发现丰富了EPG5基因变异谱, 为家系的产前诊断和再生育提供了指导。     

Dynamic Changes of NCR− Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Their Role in Mice with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Inflammation - Inflammation is one of the important pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia&nbsp;(BPD). Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) play a role in a variety of inflammatory lung...     

Molecular evolutionary characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 emerging in the United States

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly discovered beta coronavirus at the end of 2019, which is highly pathogenic and poses a serious threat to human health. In this paper, 1875 SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequences and the sequence coding spike protein (S gene) sampled from the United States were used for bioinformatics analysis to study the molecular evolutionary characteristics of its genome and spike protein. The MCMC method was used to calculate the evolution rate of the whole genome sequence and the nucleotide mutation rate of the S gene. The results showed that the nucleotide mutation rate of the whole genome was 6.677 × 10^?4 substitution per site per year, and the nucleotide mutation rate of the S gene was 8.066 × 10^?4 substitution per site per year, which was at a medium level compared with other RNA viruses. Our findings confirmed the scientific hypothesis that the rate of evolution of the virus gradually decreases over time. We also found 13 statistically significant positive selection sites in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. In addition, the results showed that there were 101 nonsynonymous mutation sites in the amino acid sequence of S protein, including seven putative harmful mutation sites. This paper has preliminarily clarified the evolutionary characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States, providing a scientific basis for future surveillance and prevention of virus variants.     

幼年特发性关节炎合并葡萄膜炎15例病例系列报告

背景 葡萄膜炎为幼年特发性关节炎(JIA)最常见的关节外表现,治疗不及时可导致严重并发症,有致盲风险.目的 探讨JIA合并葡萄膜炎的临床特征.设计病例系列报告.方法 纳入首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院风湿免疫科2018年3月至2020年5月收治的JIA合并葡萄膜炎患儿,从病历中截取人口学资料、实验室检查、JIA分型、眼部表...