Prothionamide and dapsone therapy in leprosy--a clinical study

Combined therapy with prothionamide and dapsone was instituted in fifteen active untreated lepromatous leprosy cases for a period of 18 months. Clinical improvement was good with attainment of zero morphological index in about 66% cases. Bacteriological improvement was rather unsatisfactory as one case only reached zero level. Side effects were observed in few cases necessitating withdrawal of combined therapy and patients' prothionamide compliance was rather unimpressive.     

Fibrous dysplasia of ethmoid - a rare presentation

Monostatic fibrous dysplasia involving th ethmoid is one of the rarest lesions. The clinico-pathologhical featutres and management are described.     

Factors affecting grip force: anatomy,mechanics, and referent configurations

The extrinsic digit muscles naturally couple wrist action and grip force in prehensile tasks. We explored the effects of wrist position on the steady-state grip force and grip-force change during imposed changes in the grip aperture [apparent stiffness (AS)]. Subjects held an instrumented handle steady using a prismatic five-digit grip. The grip aperture was changed slowly, while the subjects were instructed not to react voluntarily to these changes. An increase in the aperture resulted in an increase in grip force, and its contraction resulted in a proportional drop in grip force. The AS values (between 4 and 6 N/cm) were consistent across a wide range of wrist positions. These values were larger when the subjects performed the task with eyes open as compared to eyes-closed trials. They were also larger for trials that started from a larger initial aperture. After a sequence of aperture increase and decrease to the initial width, grip force dropped by about 25 % without the subjects being aware of this. We interpret the findings within the referent configuration hypothesis of grip-force production. The results support the idea of back-coupling between the referent and actual digit coordinates. According to this idea, the central nervous system defines referent coordinates for the digit tips, and the difference between the referent and actual coordinates leads to force production. If actual coordinates are not allowed to move to referent ones, referent coordinates show a relatively slow drift toward the actual ones.     

An in vitro evaluation of the effect of laser irradiation on the thrombogenicity of thrombus.

The effect of laser irradiation on the thrombogenicity of thrombus was evaluated by treating thrombi, formed in-vitro from canine blood, with two different doses of cw Nd:YAG laser energy at 1064 nm. The thrombi were then incubated with whole blood, and the plasma levels of fibrinogen and thrombin-antithrombin III-complexes were measured. A statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the thrombogenicity was indicated by a reduction in both fibrinogen consumption and levels of thrombin-antithrombin III-complexes in the high dose group (600 joules, 100 degrees C peak temperature) in comparison to the low dose group (300 joules, 70 degrees C peak temperature) and the untreated thrombi. These findings suggest that laser irradiation of thrombus at an appropriate dose may substantially reduce its thrombogenicity and ability to modulate hemostasis.     

Yoga in cardiac health (a review).

This review studies the efficacy of yoga in the primary and secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease and post-myocardial infarction patient rehabilitation. Yoga is an unconventional form of physical exercise that has been practised over a long period of time in the Indian sub-continent. It has gained immense popularity as a form of recreational activity all over the world. Its possible contributions to healthy living have been studied and many interesting revelations have been made. Benefits of yoga in the modification of cardiovascular risk factors and in the rehabilitation of the post-myocardial infarction patient are areas of significant importance. It is important to assess the practical significance and the suitability of incorporating yoga into the comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programme. Majority of the rehabilitation workers believes that incorporating nonconventional forms of physical exercise such as yoga definitely would enhance efficacy and add value. This article attempts to study the history and the science of yoga and evaluate its effects on cardiovascular health.