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排序方式: 共有1345条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Martin Gotthardt Decio L. Eizirik Henk-Jan Aanstoot Olle Korsgren Dick Mul Frank Martin Marti Boss Tom J. P. Jansen Sanne A. M. van Lith Mijke Buitinga Olof Eriksson Miriam Cnop Maarten Brom 《Diabetologia》2018,61(12):2516-2519
In this issue of Diabetologia, Alavi and Werner ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4676-1) criticise the attempts to use positron emission tomography (PET) for in vivo imaging of pancreatic beta cells, which they consider as ‘futile’. In support of this strong statement, they point out the limitations of PET imaging, which they believe render beta cell mass impossible to estimate using this method. In our view, the Alavi and Werner presentation of the technical limitations of PET imaging does not reflect the current state of the art, which leads them to questionable conclusions towards the feasibility of beta cell imaging using this approach. Here, we put forward arguments in favour of continuing the development of innovative technologies enabling in vivo imaging of pancreatic beta cells and concisely present the current state of the art regarding putative technical limitations of PET imaging. Indeed, far from being a ‘futile’ effort, we demonstrate that beta cell imaging is now closer than ever to becoming a long-awaited clinical reality. 相似文献
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Simone C. Oudshoorn Gabriel J. E. Rinkel Andrew J. Molyneux Richard S. Kerr Sanne M. Dorhout Mees Daan Backes Ale Algra Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen 《Neurocritical care》2014,21(1):4-13
Introduction
In patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), it is unclear whether aneurysm treatment <24 h after ictus results in better outcomes than treatment 24–72 h after aSAH. We studied whether aneurysm occlusion <24 h is associated with better outcomes than occlusion 24–72 h after aSAH.Methods
We used two cohorts of patients with aSAH: (1) the UMC Utrecht cohort with patients admitted between 2008 and 2012 and (2) the International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial cohort. Aneurysm treatment was categorized into <24 h and 24–72 h after ictus. We calculated adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) using Poisson regression analyses for poor functional outcome (death or dependency) for both cohorts separately, and performed a pooled analysis based on individual patient data. We also performed a worst-case scenario analysis wherein all patients with rebleeding >3 h after admission were re-categorized into the group with aneurysm treatment 24–72 h after aSAH.Results
We included 1,238 patients (UMC Utrecht cohort: n = 330; ISAT: n = 908). The aRR for poor outcome after treatment <24 h was in the UMC Utrecht cohort 1.84 (95 % CI: 1.25-2.70), in ISAT 1.14 (95 % CI 0.84–1.55), in the pooled analysis 1.37 (95 % CI 1.11–1.68), and in the worst-case scenario pooled analysis 1.24 (95 % CI 1.01–1.52).Conclusion
Our results suggest that aneurysm occlusion can be performed in day time within 72 h after ictus, instead of on an emergency basis. However, due to the retrospective, non-randomized design of our study, our results cannot be considered as definitive evidence. 相似文献44.
45.
Sanne de Haas Paul Delmar Aruna T. Bansal Matthieu Moisse David W. Miles Natasha Leighl Bernard Escudier Eric Van Cutsem Peter Carmeliet Stefan J. Scherer Celine Pallaud Diether Lambrechts 《Angiogenesis》2014,17(4):909-920
Background
Despite extensive translational research, no validated biomarkers predictive of bevacizumab treatment outcome have been identified.Methods
We performed a meta-analysis of individual patient data from six randomized phase III trials in colorectal, pancreatic, lung, renal, breast, and gastric cancer to explore the potential relationships between 195 common genetic variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway and bevacizumab treatment outcome.Results
The analysis included 1,402 patients (716 bevacizumab-treated and 686 placebo-treated). Twenty variants were associated (P < 0.05) with progression-free survival (PFS) in bevacizumab-treated patients. Of these, 4 variants in EPAS1 survived correction for multiple testing (q < 0.05). Genotype-by-treatment interaction tests revealed that, across these 20 variants, 3 variants in VEGF-C (rs12510099), EPAS1 (rs4953344), and IL8RA (rs2234671) were potentially predictive (P < 0.05), but not resistant to multiple testing (q > 0.05). A weak genotype-by-treatment interaction effect was also observed for rs699946 in VEGF-A, whereas Bayesian genewise analysis revealed that genetic variability in VHL was associated with PFS in the bevacizumab arm (q < 0.05). Variants in VEGF-A, EPAS1, and VHL were located in expression quantitative loci derived from lymphoblastoid cell lines, indicating that they affect the expression levels of their respective gene.Conclusions
This large genetic analysis suggests that variants in VEGF-A, EPAS1, IL8RA, VHL, and VEGF-C have potential value in predicting bevacizumab treatment outcome across tumor types. Although these associations did not survive correction for multiple testing in a genotype-by-interaction analysis, they are among the strongest predictive effects reported to date for genetic variants and bevacizumab efficacy. 相似文献46.
Antonella de Luca Sanne P. Smeekens Andrea Casagrande Rossana Iannitti Kara L. Conway Mark. S. Gresnigt Jakob Begun Theo S. Plantinga Leo A. B. Joosten Jos W. M. van der Meer Georgios Chamilos Mihai G. Netea Ramnik J. Xavier Charles A. Dinarello Luigina Romani Frank L. van de Veerdonk 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2014,111(9):3526-3531
47.
Sanne Jespersen Bo Langhoff H?nge Inés Oliveira Candida Medina David da Silva Té Faustino Gomes Correia Zacarias José da Silva Christian Erikstrup Lars ?stergaard Alex Lund Laursen Christian Wejse 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2014,92(12):909-914
Problem
The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa has improved the quality of life of millions of people and reduced mortality. However, substantial problems with the infrastructure for ART delivery remain.Approach
Clinicians and researchers at an HIV clinic in Guinea-Bissau identified problems with the delivery of ART by establishing a clinical database and by collaborating with international researchers.Local setting
The Bissau HIV cohort study group was established in 2007 as a collaboration between local HIV physicians and international HIV researchers. Patients were recruited from the HIV clinic at the country’s main hospital in the capital Bissau.Relevant changes
Between 2005 and 2013, 5514 HIV-positive patients were treated at the clinic. Working together, local health-care workers and international researchers identified the main problems affecting ART delivery: inadequate drug supply; loss of patients to follow-up; and inadequate laboratory services. Solutions to these problems were devised. The collaborations encouraged local physicians to start their own research projects to find possible solutions to problems at the clinic.Lessons learnt
The HIV clinic in Bissau faced numerous obstacles in delivering ART at a sufficiently high quality and patients’ lives were put in jeopardy. The effectiveness of ART could be enhanced by delivering it as part of an international research collaboration since such collaborations can help identify problems, find solutions and increase the capacity of the health-care system. 相似文献48.
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