全文获取类型
收费全文 | 612篇 |
免费 | 32篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 38篇 |
妇产科学 | 1篇 |
基础医学 | 76篇 |
口腔科学 | 17篇 |
临床医学 | 71篇 |
内科学 | 110篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 59篇 |
特种医学 | 121篇 |
外科学 | 36篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
预防医学 | 33篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 34篇 |
肿瘤学 | 33篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 14篇 |
2013年 | 20篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 16篇 |
2010年 | 34篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 27篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1953年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有665条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
42.
43.
Saletu MT Anderer P Saletu-Zyhlarz GM Mandl M Arnold O Nosiska D Zeitlhofer J Saletu B 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2005,255(1):20-32
The aim of the present study was to investigate
the role of EEG mapping as an objective and quantitative
measure of vigilance in untreated and
modafinil–treated narcoleptics, and compare it with the
conventional neurophysiological method of the Multiple
Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) and the subjective Epworth
Sleepiness Scale (ESS). In 16 drug–free narcoleptics
and 16 normal controls a baseline 3–min
vigilance–controlled EEG (V–EEG) and a 4–min resting
EEG (R–EEG) were recorded during midmorning hours.
Thereafter, in a double–blind, placebo–controlled crossover
design, patients were treated with a 3–week fixed
titration of modafinil (200, 300, 400 mg) and placebo.
EEG–mapping, MSLT and ESS measures were obtained
before and at the end of the third week of therapy. Statistical
overall analysis by means of the omnibus significance
test demonstrated significant EEG differences between
untreated patients and controls in the resting
condition only (R–EEG). Subsequent univariate analysis
revealed an increase in absolute and relative theta
power, a decrease in alpha–2 and beta power as well as a
slowing of the dominant frequency and the centroids of
the alpha, beta and total power spectrum and thus objectified
a vigilance decrement in narcolepsy. Modafinil
400 mg/d significantly improved vigilance as compared
with placebo (p 0.01), inducing changes opposite to
the aforementioned baseline differences (key–lock principle).
The MSLT and the ESS also improved under
modafinil as compared with placebo, but changes were
less consistent. Spearman rank correlations revealed the
highest correlations between EEG mapping and the ESS,
followed by those between EEG mapping and the MSLT,
while the lowest correlation was found between the
MSLT and the ESS. In conclusion, EEG mapping is a valuable
instrument for measuring vigilance decrements in
narcolepsy and their improvement under psychostimulant
treatment. 相似文献
44.
Ines Hertling Katrin Ramskogler Alexander Dvorak Anton Klingler Gerda Saletu-Zyhlarz Rudolf Schoberberger Henriette Walter Michael Kunze Otto Michael Lesch 《European psychiatry》2005,20(5-6):442-450
PURPOSE: In this cross-sectional study we compared alcohol-dependent smokers and non-alcohol-dependent smokers with respect to intensity of nicotine dependence, craving conditions, sleep disturbances, comorbidity with major depression, reasons for smoking, accompanying somatic diseases and patients' prolonged abstinence from smoking during the 3 years preceding the study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one alcohol-dependent smokers and 327 non-alcohol-dependent smokers diagnosed as ICD-10 and DSM-IV-nicotine dependent, were investigated by means of the Fagerstr?m Test for Nicotine Dependence, the Lübeck Craving-Recurrence Risk Questionnaire and the Lesch Alcohol Dependence Typology (both adapted to smoking). RESULTS: The intensity of nicotine dependence was more enhanced in alcohol-dependent smokers compared to non-alcohol-dependent smokers. Several variables of all factors of craving ("depressive mood", "stimulation", "relaxation", "socially triggered tension") were significantly increased in alcohol-dependent patients (P<0.05). Alcohol-dependent smokers showed depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances, whilst non-alcohol-dependent individuals mainly smoked for stress release and weight control. DISCUSSION: Our study demonstrates that the intensity of nicotine dependence, several conditions of craving for nicotine, sleep disturbances and symptoms of depression appear to be enhanced in alcohol-dependent smokers compared with non-alcohol-dependent smokers. Conclusions. - It is hoped that the factors of craving and reasons for smoking identified in this study will contribute to a better understanding of smoking temptation in alcohol-dependent smokers and non-alcohol-dependent smokers in future. 相似文献
45.
Ropinirole in the treatment of restless legs syndrome: results from the TREAT RLS 1 study, a 12 week, randomised, placebo controlled study in 10 European countries 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Trenkwalder C Garcia-Borreguero D Montagna P Lainey E de Weerd AW Tidswell P Saletu-Zyhlarz G Telstad W Ferini-Strambi L;Therapy with Ropiunirole; Efficacy Tolerability in RLS Study Group 《Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry》2004,75(1):92-97
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ropinirole in the treatment of patients with restless legs syndrome. METHODS: A 12 week, prospective, double blind, randomised comparison involving 284 patients from 10 European countries. All participants had a score of > or =15 on the international restless legs scale (IRLS). Patients were randomised (1:1) to receive either ropinirole 0.25-4.0 mg once daily or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was mean change from baseline to week 12 in total IRLS score. Global improvements (clinical global impression (CGI) scale) and improvements in sleep, health related quality of life (QoL; using generic and disease specific measures), work, and other activities were also assessed. RESULTS: 112/146 patients (76.7%) taking ropinirole and 109/138 (79.0%) taking placebo completed the study. Improvement in IRLS at week 12 with ropinirole (mean (SD) dose, 1.90 (1.13) mg/day) was greater than with placebo (mean (SE): -11.04 (0.719) v -8.03 (0.738) points; adjusted difference = -3.01 (95% confidence interval (CI), -5.03 to -0.99); p = 0.0036). More patients in the ropinirole group (53.4%) showed improvement on the CGI scale at week 12 than in the placebo group (40.9%; adjusted odds ratio = 1.7 (1.02 to 2.69); p = 0.0416). Significant differences on both IRLS and CGI scales favouring ropinirole were apparent by week 1. Ropinirole was also associated with significantly greater improvements in sleep and QoL end points. The most common adverse events were nausea and headache. CONCLUSIONS: Ropinirole improves restless legs syndrome compared with placebo, with benefits apparent by week 1. It is generally well tolerated. 相似文献
46.
Diet and cancer prevention: the fiber first diet 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Diet can play a major role in cancer prevention. The international
differences in cancer incidence are largely accounted for by lifestyle
practices that include nutrition, exercise, and alcohol and tobacco use.
About 50% of cancer incidence and 35% of cancer mortality in the U.S.,
represented by cancers of the breast, prostate, pancreas, ovary,
endometrium, and colon, are associated with Western dietary habits. Cancer
of the stomach, currently a major disease in the Far East, relates to
distinct, specific nutritional elements such as excessive salt intake. For
these cancers, information is available on possible initiating genotoxic
factors, promoting elements, and prophylactic agents. In general, the
typical diet in the United States contains low levels of the potent
carcinogenic agents, heterocyclic amines, formed during the cooking of
meats. It provides only about half the potent appropriate fiber intake and
is high in calories. About twice as many calories as would be desirable
come from fat, certain kinds of which enhance the development of cancers.
Other foods with functional properties, such as soy products and tea, can
be beneficial. To achieve reduction in risk of certain cancers, diet must
be optimized, primarily to reduce caloric intake and the fat component. The
latter should be 20% or less of total caloric intake and fiber should be
increased to 25- 35 g per day for adults. One approach to achieving these
goals is the Fiber First Diet, a diet designed around adequate fiber intake
from grains, especially cereals, vegetables, legumes, and fruits, which
thereby reduces both calorie and fat intake. Such dietary improvements will
not only reduce cancer and other chronic disease risks, but will contribute
to a healthy life to an advanced age. A corollary benefit is a lower cost
of medical care.
相似文献
47.
GM Durbin NJ Hunter N McIntosh EO Reynolds PD Wimberley 《Archives of disease in childhood》1976,51(3):163-169
A controlled trial of elective intervention with continuous inflating pressure (CIP) was performed in infants with severe hyaline membrane disease who weighed more than 1000 g at birth. Infants entered the trial if their arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) fell below 60 mmHg while breathing a fractional inspired oxygen concentration (F1O2) greater than 0-95. 11 out of 12 infants in the CIP-treated group and 10 out of 12 in the control group survived. 7 treated and 6 control infants required mechanical ventilation. When CIP was started the Pao2 of the treated infants increased, and they breathed high concentrations of oxygen for a significantly shorter period than the control infants. During the 31-month duration of the trial 107 other infants with severe hyaline membrane disease were admitted who did not meet the criteria for entry to the trial. 37 survived after breathing high concentrations of oxygen (F1O2 greater than 0-60) spontaneously without any ventilatory assistance, and the remaining 70 infants were already being ventilated on their arrival in the unit, usually because they had required mechanical ventilation during transfer from other hospitals. The neonatal survival rate for those infants born in this hospital during the study period was 88% (50 out of 57 infants) and for those referred from other hospitals it was 69% (51 out of 74 infants). The maximum further increase in overall survival rate that might have been achieved in our population of infants if CIP had been initiated very early in the course of the illness was 5%--i.e. from 77% (101/131) to 82% (107/131). 相似文献
48.
49.
50.
Postbiopsy renal transplant arteriovenous fistulas: color Doppler US characteristics 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Color Doppler ultrasound (US) with point-spectral analysis was performed on eight patients with postbiopsy renal transplant arteriovenous fistulas. Waveform analysis of the supplying artery documented decreased resistive indices in all cases and increased flow velocities in seven. The peak-systolic flow velocity in the arteries supplying the fistulas ranged from 55 to 180 cm/sec (mean, 92 cm/sec), while the range in normal arteries was 20-52 cm/sec (mean, 32 cm/sec). The resistive indices of the arteries supplying the fistulas ranged from 0.31 to 0.50 (mean, 0.45), while the resistive indices of the normal arteries ranged from 0.60 to 0.92 (mean, 0.74). Arterialization of the venous waveform from the draining vein was also documented in all cases. In six cases, the increased flow velocities resulted in increased color saturation toward white in the supplying artery (n = 2) or in both the artery and the draining vein (n = 4), which was detectable on the realtime image. In six cases, flow turbulence resulted in localized tissue vibration, which appeared as random color assignment in extravascular renal parenchyma adjacent to the fistula. Knowledge of these imaging and Doppler characteristics should aid in the identification of renal transplant arteriovenous fistulas with color Doppler US. 相似文献