6－甲氧基正丁苯酞在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢研究

报道了用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法及衍生化技术研究６甲氧基正丁苯酞（ＭＢＰ）在大鼠肝微粒体中的代谢转化结果。６甲氧基正丁苯酞在苯巴比妥（ＰＢ）诱导的大鼠肝微粒体中主要转化为３羟基、γ羟基取代物，６羟基正丁苯酞与一个环氧化代谢产物     

Women's health care and the workplace in the People's Republic of China

Health care is provided through the workplace in the People's Republic of China through settings such as factories in the cities and commune health stations in rural areas. A special emphasis is placed on the protection of women workers through 4 critical periods: menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and lactation. These periods are considered to pose greater health risks to women. Factories provide specially designed rooms with spray baths and supplies for women during the menstrual period, and the woman's menstrual period is recorded on a health record kept in the factory health service. Permission to marry must be given by the supervisor of the workplace and a premarital examinaton is required to rule out heriditary diseases. Permisson must also be obtained to have a child. Pregnant women workers receive food supplements and are allowed to do lighter work. Care is taken to protect pregnant workers from insecticides or other harmful substances. After delivery, a leave of 56-70 days with full pay is granted. Couples with 1-child certificates may have extended leave up to 1 year with 70% pay. Breastfeeding mothers are allowed 1/2 hour breads twice day to nurse their infants. Day care and nursery facilities are available in factories and communes. The 1-child policy has extended the family planning period to close to 30 years, making it imperative that contraceptive technology and information be available to the masses. In general, rural women tend to choose the IUD; those who do not want more children opt for sterilization; and urban couples select the pill, injectables, and condoms. Health care for women in the workplaces is an effective means of implementing official population control policies. It is suggested that the approach of using nursing personnel at the local level for providing primary health care could be implemented in other countries to reduce rising health care costs.     

临床感染病原菌菌种分布及其耐药性分析

目的了解笔者所在医院2008年度临床感染病原菌的菌种分布及其耐药现状。方法用VITEK微生物自动鉴定仪鉴定菌种,纸片扩散法检测临床分离菌对各种抗菌药物的敏感性,判读标准参照当年的CLSI M100文件。结果临床分离的1900株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌和真菌所占比例分别为68.42%、18.16%和12.32%。分离率最高的五种病原菌:铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和白色假丝酵母菌,占所有分离病原菌的59.26%,排前20位的病原菌则占到近90%(89.63%)。革兰阴性杆菌仅对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美洛培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的平均耐药率低于30%,铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南、美洛培南的耐药率分别28.9%、32.9%和11.6%、24.7%,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌的ESBL阳性率分别是52.8%、37.2%和34.6%,金黄色葡萄球和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林株各占44.0%和60.0%,未检出万古霉素中介或耐药的葡萄球菌,检出万古霉素耐药的粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌各1株。念珠菌对氟康唑耐药率接近5%。结论临床感染病原菌构成变化不大,但真菌检出率逐年升高。非发酵菌耐药率最低的是头孢哌酮/舒巴坦,肠杆菌科耐药率最低的是亚胺培南,ESBL的阳性率逐年升高。加强病原菌及其耐药性检测和监测,对病原学诊断及指导合理选用抗生素具重要参考价值。     

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物对正常和异丙基肾上腺素损伤培养乳鼠心肌细胞的影响

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物(Ge—132)能促进培养乳鼠心肌细胞DNA和RNA的合成,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,维持细胞膜结构的稳定。异丙基肾上腺素可使心肌细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放增加,细胞搏动停止,超微结构显示肌膜和线粒体严重受损。Ge—132可显著减少异两基肾上腺素引起心肌细胞释放LDH,维持细胞的搏动功能和超微结构的完整。     

国产麻黄的形态组织学研究——Ⅱ.西南主产种及其它种

本文报道我国西南产麻黄——丽江麻黄Ephedra likiangensis Florin、匍枝丽江麻黄E.likiangensis f.mairei(Florin)C.Y.Cheng、藏麻黄E.saxatilis Royle ex Florin、山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Wall、垫状山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Var.congesta C.Y.Cheng、矮麻黄E.minuta Florin和异株矮麻黄E.minuta var.dioeca C.Y.Cheng,以及形态组织特征较特殊的宁夏产斑子麻黄E.lepidosperma C.Y.Cheng、新疆产窄膜麻黄E.lomatolepis Schrenk,西藏产西藏中麻黄E.intermedia var.tibetica Stapf的生药形态组织学研究结果。并根据对国产麻黄的生药形态组织学的系统研究结果,分别编写了各种国产麻黄(包括13种3变种1变型)的生药性状和生药显微特征检索表。     

固相法合成心肌兴奋肽及其类似物

用Boc-和Tos-基团分别保护氨基和侧链胍基,以1%交联度聚苯乙烯二苯甲氨基树脂为载体,用DCC固相法合成肽,HF断裂肽树脂键和去除侧链保护基团,粗产物经高效液相层析纯化,合成了心肌兴奋肽Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH_2及其类似物Phe-Pro-Arg-Phe-NH_2,并观察了此二种肽对大鼠血压和心率的影响。     

Protocatechuic Acid Inhibits Lung Cancer Cells by Modulating FAK,MAPK, and NF-κB Pathways

Cytotoxic effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) upon 3 nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549, H3255, and Calu-6 cell lines, were examined. PCA at 1, 2, 4, and 8 μM was used to treat these cells. Results showed that PCA dose-dependently reduced cell growth; and at 2–8 μM enhanced protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3; as well as diminished Bcl-2 expression. This compound destabilized mitochondrial membrane via increasing caspase-3 activity, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity in these cells. PCA treatments dose-dependently decreased protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibronectin, as well as lowered interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 release; and at 2–8 μM suppressed protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, PCA treatments dose-dependently downregulated nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ)B p50 and NF-κB p65 protein expression, and at 2–8 μM suppressed protein expression of p-p38, p-JNK, and p-focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Our data revealed that PCA declined FAK, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and NF-κB activation, which subsequently decreased the production of cytokines and growth factors, and consequently inhibited proliferation of 3 test NSCLC cells. These findings suggest that PCA could provide wide-ranging anti-NSCLC potency.     

二维半导体探测器阵列在多叶准直器日常质量保证中的应用

目的 建立利用半导体探测器阵列检测多叶准直器(MLC)叶片定位误差的方法,用于MLC的日常质量保证。方法 在MapCheck半导体探测器阵列上,相邻行探测器是错开半个探测器间距分布的。针对这种分布特点,设计了台阶式叶片位置模式,代替胶片测量常用的篱笆式(picket fence)叶片位置模式,作为叶片位置参考模式。在参考模式的基础上,人为引入不同大小的叶片位置误差,得到一组新的叶片位置模式——叶片位置校准模式。依次照射参考模式和校准模式,得到每一个探测器测量剂量与叶片位置误差的关系曲线。该曲线作为测量叶片位置误差的校准曲线。在进行MLC日常质量保证时,只需定期照射叶片位置参考模式,就可得到定量的叶片位置误差。结果 新方法在一个配置40对MLC的加速器上进行了测试(Elekta Precise)。篱笆式叶片位置模式一次检测160个叶片位置,而台阶式叶片位置模式一次检测240个位置, 检测效率提高50%;对于同样的1mm叶片误差,前后两种模式的剂量变化分别是17%和25%,因此测量灵敏度提高8%。结论 建立了一种新的定量的MLC日常QA方法。通过重新设计叶片位置模式,新方法提高了实施效率和测量灵敏度。     

Bronchoscopic management of airway obstruction in pediatric endobronchial tuberculosis

The present report describes a case of severe airway obstruction caused by endobronchial tuberculosis in an 11-year-old girl who was successfully treated by bronchoscopic balloon dilation. This case illustrates the insidious presentation and the increasingly important role of bronchoscopic intervention in the management of endobronchial tuberculosis. In addition, a brief literature review of the condition in the pediatric age group is included.