非X线透视下用DHS内固定在治疗股骨转子间骨折的体会

文章阐述了在非X线透视下用DHS内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折67例的临床体会，即充分利用DHS钉在设计上所具有的生物力学性能及其仿生学形态特点，在没有X线透视下行内固定术。在讨论中重点提出了在手术中应注意的问题及其解决办法。     

Antitumor effects of a monoclonal antibody that binds anionic phospholipids on the surface of tumor blood vessels in mice.

PURPOSE: We recently reported that anionic phospholipids, principally phosphatidylserine, become exposed on the external surface of viable vascular endothelial cells in tumors, possibly in response to oxidative stresses present in the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a monoclonal antibody directed against anionic phospholipids might exert antitumor effects by causing vascular damage in tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A new mouse immunoglobulin G3 monoclonal antibody, 3G4, was raised that binds anionic phospholipids in the presence of serum or beta2-glycoprotein I. The antibody was tested for its ability to localize to tumor vessels and exert antitumor effects in mice. RESULTS: 3G4 recognized anionic phospholipids on the external membrane of H(2)O(2)-treated endothelial cells and in vitro. It localized specifically to tumor vascular endothelium and to necrotic tumor cells after injection into severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing orthotopic MDA-MB-435 tumors. Treatment with 3G4 retarded the growth of four different tumors in mice. It reduced the growth of established orthotopic MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 human breast tumors in mice by 75% and 65% respectively, large L540 human Hodgkin's tumors by 50%, and small syngeneic Meth A fibrosarcomas by 90%. Histologic examination revealed vascular damage, a reduction in vascular density, and a reduction in tumor plasma volume. Treatment with 3G4 induced the binding of monocytes to tumor endothelium and infiltration of macrophages into MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 tumors. No toxicity to the mice was observed. CONCLUSIONS: 3G4 localizes specifically to complexes of anionic phospholipids and serum proteins on the surface of vascular endothelial cells in tumors in mice. This results in damage to tumor vasculature and suppression of tumor growth.     

The association of XRCC1 haplotypes and chromosomal damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocyte among coke-oven workers.

Theoretically, a haplotype has a higher level of heterozygosity than individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the association study based on the haplotype may have an increased power for detecting disease associations compared with SNP-based analysis. In this study, we investigated the effects of four haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNP) and the inferred haplotype pairs of the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene on chromosome damage detected by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The study included 141 coke-oven workers with exposure to a high level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 66 nonexposed controls. The frequencies of total MN and MNed cells were borderline associated with the Arg(194)Trp polymorphism (P = 0.053 and P = 0.050, respectively) but not associated with the Arg(280)His, Arg(399)Gln and Gln(632)Gln polymorphisms among coke-oven workers. Five haplotypes, including CGGG, TGGG, CAGG, CGAG, and CGGA, were inferred based on the four htSNPs of XRCC1 gene. The haplotype CGGG was associated with the decreased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells, and the haplotypes TGGG and CGAG were associated with the increased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells with adjustment for covariates among coke-oven workers. This study showed that the haplotypes derived from htSNPs in the XRCC1 gene were more likely than single SNPs to correlate with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced chromosome damage among coke-oven workers.     

A CLINICAL STUDY ON PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS WITH cDNA MACROARRAY

Objective: To diagnose prostatic cancer (CAP) with cDNA macroarray. Methods: Total RNA was isolated from patients with prostate cancer and from normal people, and poly(A) RNA was further purified. Then differentially expressed genes were analysed in CaP and normal prostate by cDNA macroarray system. Results: There were differential expressions of nine prostate-associated specific genes in CaP as compared with normal prostate, among which, 7 were significantly up-regulated and 2 were down-regulated. Conclusion: As a diagnostic approach at molecular level, the cDNA macroarray is supposed to elevate the detection rate of CaP.     

Immuntherapie maligner Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome

Zusammenfassung Auch wenn in den vergangenen Jahren z. T. eine Verbesserung der Prognose von Non-Hodgkin-Lymphomen (NHL) bereits mit veränderten konventionellen und eskalierten Chemotherapieverfahren indolenter und aggressiver Lymphome erreicht werden konnte, verläuft für einen großen Teil der Patienten die Tumorerkrankung noch immer fatal. Da eine weitere Optimierung konventioneller Modalitäten schwer möglich erschien, stellte die Etablierung immuntherapeutischer Ansätze eine attraktive Option dar. Die erfolgreiche Einführung monoklonaler Antikörper in die Behandlung maligner Lymphome hat die Immuntherapie fest etabliert. Weiterentwicklungen dieses passiven Immuntherapieansatzes sind auf dem Weg in den klinischen Alltag. Daneben sind unterschiedliche Verfahren aktiver Immunisierung (Vakzinierung) in präklinischen und frühen klinischen Entwicklungen, deren Etablierung eine weitere Bereicherung des therapeutischen Armentariums darstellen kann. Zuletzt hat — insbesondere für Hochrisikopatienten — die allogene Stammzelltransplantation in der jüngsten Vergangenheit an Attraktivität gewonnen.     

Expression and Significance of Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor in Renal-Cell Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of Coxsackie and Adenovirus receptor (CAR) in renal-cell carcinoma and the relationship of the CAR to the biological behavior of the carcinomas.METHODS The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Coxsaekie and Adenovirus receptor in 48 cases of renalcell carcinoma and in 12 cases of normal renal tissue 2 cm away from the tumor tissue.RESULTS The positive rates of CAR were 100% in 12 cases of para-tumcr normal renal tissue and 35.4% in 48 cases of renal-cell carcinoma respectively. The difference of CAR expression between them was significant (P＜0.05). The grades of the tumor were as follows: 22 in Grade Ⅰ, 17in Grade Ⅱ and 9 in Grade Ⅲ with the CAR positive rate being 54.5%,23.5% and 11.1%, respectively. There was a negative correlation between CAR expression and tumor grading (P＜0.05). In addition, the number of the cases in stages Ⅰ to ⅣV were 19, 13, 11 and 5 respectively, with the respective positive rates being 57.9%, 30.8%, 18.2% and 0.0%, i.e. there also was a negative relationship between CAR expression and the stage (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION CAR expression is down-regulated in renal-cell carcinoma compared with normal tissue. The level of CAR may be a sensitive predictor of differentiation, invasion and metastasis. Loss of CAR expression correlates with the invasive phenotype in our analysis of renal-cell carcinoma.     

Hemodynamic Influence of Arteria Vertebralis Type Cervical Spondylosis Treated by Needling Yuzhen （BL 9） and Fengchi （GB 20）

为观察针刺治疗颈性眩晕的疗效及血流动力学改变,将66例患者随机分为玉枕和风池穴组、颈夹脊(C4-6)穴组,观察治疗前后颈性眩晕症状与功能评分变化及椎动脉彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)变化.两组治疗后评分增加,组间差异显著(P＜0.05),治疗后眩晕度评分增加,组间差异显著(P＜0.05).针刺玉枕和风池穴能显著改善颈性眩晕症状,增加椎动脉血流速度,且疗效优于夹脊穴.     

围绝经期综合征的中医辨治进展

围绝经期综合征是严重困扰中老年如注健康的发病率极高的常见病，西医局限于激素替代治疗，中医药在整体现的指导下辨治本病具有自己的特色和优势，现将近几年的研究进展作一综述。     

洛阳地区过敏性皮肤病患者各种致敏过敏原作用的调查

目的：通过研究329例过敏性皮肤病患者血清中各类过敏原的捡出率，了解各种过敏原在洛阳地区过敏性皮肤病中的作用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测156例荨麻疹，128例湿疹及45例异位性皮炎患者血清中常见过敏原的特异性IgB。结果329例患者中221例（67．17％）至少有一项特异性IgE阳性。在吸入性过敏原中以尘螨为最高，其后依次为霉菌混合物、树木花粉、动物皮屑等，食物性过敏原中以肉类蛋白为最高，其后依次为鱼虾、牛奶、坚果等。结论通过血清特异性IgB检测，可以帮助临床寻找相应过敏原，为疾病的预防和治疗提供依据，但该方法也有一定的不足之处。     

双氯芬酸钾胶囊的人体生物等效性研究

目的:研究2种双氯芬酸钾胶囊的人体生物等效性。方法:20名健康男性志愿者随机交叉单剂量口服受试制剂或参比制剂,采用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定血药浓度,计算药动学参数和相对生物利用度。结果:受试制剂与参比制剂的药-时曲线符合一房室模型,AUC0～8分别为(2.27±0.66)、(2.16±0.58)(μg·h)/ml,Cmax分别为(1.27±0.40)、(1.38±0.58)μg/ml,tmax分别为(0.9±0.7)、(1.0±0.7)h;受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(104.9±12.8)%。结论:2种双氯芬酸钾胶囊具有生物等效性。