Evaluation of formocresol versus ferric sulphate primary molar pulpotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To present a systematic review of the effects of formocresol and ferric sulphate when used as medicaments in pulpotomized primary molar teeth. METHODOLOGY: The study list was obtained by using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and SCI search. Only those papers which met the inclusion criteria were accepted. The quality of studies used for meta-analysis was assessed by a series of validity criteria according to Jadad's scale. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. RESULTS: Eleven clinical studies comprising four randomized-clinical trials (RCTs), four controlled clinical trials (CCTs) and three retrospective studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis of six prospective clinical trials suggested that the two popular pulpotomy medicaments were not significantly different in terms of clinical outcomes, radiographic findings, prevalence of apical and furcal destruction, internal root resorption or pulp canal obliteration. The relative risk (RR) value and 95% CI for those parameters were 0.72 (0.43-1.23), 0.87 (0.59-1.30), 0.67 (0.27-1.66), 1.77 (0.56-5.58) and 1.41 (0.63-3.15), respectively. The overall clinical and radiographic success rates based on the data of treatments with ferric sulphate from the 11 studies included ranged from 78% to 100% (mean 91.6 +/- 8.15%) and from 42% to 97% (mean 73.5 +/- 18.40%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In primary molar teeth with exposure of vital pulps by caries or trauma, pulpotomies performed with either formocresol or ferric sulphate have similar clinical and radiographic success. Ferric sulphate may be recommended as a suitable replacement for formocresol.     

A comparative morphologic study of Carabelli cusp between Chinese and Japanese students.]

The study of teeth,dentition and occlusion is helpful to guide oral medical clinic and the study of anthropology.Our department of Osaka Dental University and had many items of research work about teeth,dentition and occlusion between Chinese and Japanese students.This article reports the study of Carabelli cusp.The results revealed:(1)the rate of Carabelli cusp is higher in Japanese than in Chinese and is higher in male than in female.(2)the rate of Carabelli cusp of the first maxillary molar of both side is very high.(3)The rate of Carabelli cusp is related to the height and the type of cusp numbers.These all illustrated the occurence of Carabeiil cusp were influenced by race, individual and the development of teeth.     

Power spectral analysis of electromyographic signal of masticatory muscles at rest position and habitual clench

Thirteen normal subjects were selected for this investigation. At the vertical dimension of rest position and habitual clench, their myoelectric activities of the masseter, anterior and posterior temporal, and digastric muscles on the left and right sides were simultaneously sampled and processed by computer, and the mean power frequency (MPF) and the mean amplitude (MA) of the myoelectric signal were calculated. At rest position, the temporal muscles were major muscles and the MPF differences of various masticatory muscles were not significant. At habitual clench, with the increase in MA, the MPF of various muscles increased. The results show that MPF may have application in describing a central tendency of myoelectrical signal frequency distribution and in evaluating recruitment of motor units. MPF and MA are the quantitative indices reflecting masticatory muscle function.     

术前正畸对骨性Ⅲ类错颌患者颞下颌关节影响的锥形束CT研究

目的 探讨术前正畸对行正畸-正颌联合治疗的骨性Ⅲ类错颌患者颞下颌关节（TMJ）的影响。方法 选取24例行正畸-正颌联合治疗的骨性Ⅲ类错颌患者,分别在术前正畸完成前后检查并记录关节症状,并行锥形束CT（CBCT）扫描,在三维方向测量髁突各径值（d）、髁突高度（h）、不同角度下关节间隙（L）、双侧髁突间距（R）及各髁突角度值,比较和分析不同时期TMJ症状及骨性结构的变化情况。结果 术前正畸前后关节症状无明显改变;颞下颌关节骨性结构在三维方向上的各测量指标均无显著变化（P>0.05）。结论 在正畸-正颌联合治疗过程中,术前正畸不会对患者TMJ产生明显影响。     

三种丙烯酸树脂牙和丙烯酸牙托粉的结合强度实验研究

为了探求人造牙从基托上脱落下来的原因,本文作者对三种丙烯酸树脂牙和三种丙烯酸牙托粉的拉伸结合强度和剪切结合强度进行了测试,结果表明,材料和不同品牌材料的匹配都会影响人造牙与基托的结合强度;塑料牙盖嵴面打磨粗糙后,可显著增强塑料牙与基托树脂的结合强度。     

Creating an effective PBL case in oral and maxillofacial surgery at a Chinese dental school: a dental education primer

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a widely accepted educational method centered on the discussion and learning that emerge from a clinically based problem; however, little has been reported on the details of PBL case-writing in the dental education literature. This article outlines some principles of writing a PBL case as it is practiced at a Chinese dental school and presents, as an example, an actual case based on a clinical problem (ameloblastoma of the jaw) intended to provide a learning focus for predoctoral dental students. A good PBL case should allow for progressive, interdependent actions to be taken in the evaluation and overall management of the patient in context and should trigger inquiry and discussion among students in both the basic sciences (anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, pathophysiology, etc.) and related clinical sciences. The epidemiological, sociological, and ethical considerations related to each problem should also be emphasized as an essential component of effective health care provision.     

复发性口疮(RAU)与唾液免疫球蛋白、补体及溶菌酶活性关系的实验研究

本文对９９例复发性口疮患者，分别在初诊治疗前（发作期）和治疗后３月未发作时进行唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性检测，并以４５名健康学生唾液相应成份作为正常对照。实验结果表明：复发性口疮患者治疗前唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性，均远远低于正常人唾液相应成份（Ｐ＜０．０１）；复发性口疮患者治疗后，其唾液ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性，均较治疗前有显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中ＩｇＧ、Ｃ４及溶菌酶含量和活性恢复较明显，与正常人唾液相应成份相似（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

黏结剂Single bond 2不同涂布方式下人牙本质黏结界面的环境扫描电镜观察

目的：比较黏结剂Single bond2 不同涂布方式下牙本质黏结界面的形态学变化，为临床选择黏结剂应用方法提供参考依据。方法：暴露新鲜拔除的人第三磨牙牙本质，应用不同方式（包括涂布力度、方向、层数和同化次数）分组进行黏结剂涂布，然后，在环境扫描电镜下直接观察牙本质黏结界面的形态差异。根据黏结剂分布是否均匀、封闭牙本质小管的程度以及黏结剂渗入牙本质小管的情况判断效果。结果：黏结剂涂布力度方面，轻涂比重涂好；涂布方向，同向涂布比反复涂布好；涂布层数，涂2层较涂1层或4层好；固化方式，固化1次较固化2次好。结论：临床使用第五代黏结剂Single bond 2时，推荐同向轻涂2遍后固化的方法，可使黏结剂均匀分布，并较好地封闭牙本质小管。     

Ti—75铸造后机械性能测试的研究

目的：研究及比较Ｔｉ－７５金属在牙科铸造后的机械性能。方法：利用Ｉｎｓｔｒｏｎ拉伸试验机，对Ｔｉ－７５金属牙科铸造后部分力学性能进行了测试研究，并与Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ及临床常用钴铬合金进行了比较。结果：Ｔｉ－７５铸造后抗拉强度为８５６．７ＭＰａ，屈服强度为５４０ＭＰａ延伸率为７．３％。Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ铸造后抗拉强度为９５６．７ＭＰａ，屈服强度为５９０ＭＰａ，延伸率为５．２％。Ｃｏ－Ｃｒ合金铸造后抗拉强度为６５１．２ＭＰａ，屈服强度为４７８．８ＭＰａ，延伸率为６．１％。结论：Ｔｉ－７５金属铸造后抗拉强度，屈服强度及延伸率等性能指标均优于钴铬合金，延伸率也高于Ｔｉ－６Ａｌ－４Ｖ合金。     

A Risk Prediction Model for Ischemic Stroke in Southern Chinese Population: Impact of Multiple Genetic Variants and Clinical/Lifestyle Factors

With a global prevalence of 7.7 million, ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. In China, IS alone contributed to 69.6％? of stroke events and accounted for 37.1％? of the mortality/disability rate[1]. IS is a complex disease that is known to be associated?with?various?genetic?variants?and?clinical and lifestyle risk factors[2]. Genome -wide association studies (GWAS) provided evidence for the?occurrence?of?more?than?160?IS-associated?single nucleotide?polymorphisms?(SNPs).?In?terms?of?clinical risk factors, patients with a history of chronic diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, display a higher risk of developing IS. Among the various lifestyle components, leading a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and having an unhealthy diet are known to be associated with the risk of IS. Thus, integration of various genetic, clinical, and lifestyle variables might prove to be highly beneficial in the prediction and prevention of IS?at?the?individual?level[3].