R. Daudt, G. L. Von poser, G. Neves and S. M. K. Rates, 'Screening for the antidepressant activity of some species of hypericum from south Brazil'. Phytotherapy research14(5) 2000, 344-346

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Phytotherapy Research 14(5) 2000, 344-346. Following the publication of this paper in the August 2000 issue of Phytotherapy Research (14(5):344-346), it has come to our attention that there is a misleading statement regarding conclusions cited from the work of Butterweck et al. 1998. The discussion in the recent PTR paper states that those authors are 'in favour of the hypothesis that the antidepressant activity is due to the hypericin only'. We wish to make it clear that this is not the case, and the Butterweck paper actually concludes that 'both naphthodianthrones must be considered as active constituents of the crude extract of H. perforatum. However, previous studies indicate that the other consitutuents of the crude drug also have activity'. The authors apologize for this error and are happy to correct it.     

Oral rehydration solutions in gastroenteritis before and after admission to hospital

Two recent studies published in this Journal draw attention to deficiencies in treatment of children with acute infectious diarrhoea in Australia.^1,2 There is now no doubt that use of correctly constituted oral rehydration solutions provides optimal therapy for affected children unless circulation is compromised, vomiting is more than average, or complicating disorders are present. In the vast majority of cases, these complications do not occur. A high proportion of the childhood population experiences gastroenteritis at some time. It is known that 50% of Melbourne children require medical attention for rotavirus infection alone during their first 3 years of life, although less than 5% require admission.     

Respiratory function after repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Respiratory function studies were carried out in 22 infants who had successful repair of diaphragmatic herniae of the Bochdalek type. Thoracic gas volume was initially reduced in only 3 of these, but subsequent studies showed that improvement occurred. There were no consistent abnormalities in either dynamic compliance or mean pulmonary conductance. This is evidence that there is rapid adaptation which compensates for any alteration in the parenchymatous tissue in the lungs or abnormalities in the bronchial tree in infants soon after the repair of congenital diaphragmetic herniae. Further studies are necessary to determine the changes in these lungs with growth.     

Treatment of hypogonadal adolescent boys with long acting subcutaneous testosterone pellets

AIMS: Long acting subcutaneous testosterone pellets are of proved efficacy for the treatment of hypogonadal men, but have not been reported as a treatment modality in adolescent boys. Pharmacodynamic studies of subcutaneous testosterone release have shown prolonged normalisation of testosterone levels for at least four months. Administration of a long acting, safe, effective, and convenient form of treatment is desirable when life-long treatment is indicated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen boys (aged 13.9-17.5 years at the start of treatment)-seven with primary hypogonadism, nine with secondary hypogonadism, and two boys being treated with testosterone for tall stature--were given testosterone pellets (8-10 mg/kg) every six months for 18 months. Height, weight, pubertal status, and psychosocial parameters were assessed and follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, testosterone, prolactin, and lipids were measured at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. Bone age was measured at 0 and 12 months. RESULTS: In all boys growth velocity continued appropriately for bone age. Puberty continued to progress in all boys and in two boys the amount of virilisation exceeded that seen with previous treatment with intramuscular testosterone. After testosterone administration, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone suppressed incompletely in the boys with primary hypogonadism. Serum testosterone ranged from 4.3 to 26.7 nmol/l at three months to less than 10 nmol/l at six months after implantation. Prolactin and lipid levels were normal throughout the study. By report, there was an improvement in mood and emotional wellbeing. No pellet extrusions occurred in a total of 156 pellet insertions. CONCLUSIONS: All boys preferred this mode of testosterone administration to intramuscular injections. Long acting subcutaneous testosterone pellets are safe, efficacious, well tolerated, and convenient, and result in normal physical growth and improved psychological outlook in adolescent hypogonadal boys.     

论卫生船舶在登陆作战中的配置

在大规模登陆作战中需要大量的卫生船舶实施各种保障,因此必须对卫生船舶进行合理的配置,保证其既能有效地完成保障任务,又能避免重叠配置造成浪费．卫生船舶的配置应与指挥关系、保障任务战时分类相适应,具体配置时按医院船、卫生运输船、卫生救护艇的保障要求配置,并可根据保障任务的变化进行相应的调整．     

香菇多糖的免疫调节作用

研究香菇多糖(LTN)的免疫调节作用。结果表明,LTN1及5mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip可促进正常小鼠由ConA(2.5mg·kg^-1)刺激的脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖反应。1,5及10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×8或5,ip能分别纠正由环磷酰胺(Cy,200mg·kg^-1和80mg·kg^-1,ip)诱导的免疫亢进或低下状态。此外,LTN(1,5和10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip),促使小鼠胸腺L3T4+(Th)和Lyt2+(Ts)细胞数减少,外周脾脏L3T4+和Lyt2+细胞数增加,腹腔巨噬细胞释出肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)也明显增加。这些作用均以LTN5mg·kg^-1·d^-1作用最佳。提示LTN可能通过影响T细胞及其亚型,促进TNF活性调节机体的免疫功能。     

常咯啉在实验性心律失常狗的药代动力学－药效动力学分析

用Ｈａｒｒｉｓ冠脉结扎法诱发的心律失常狗研究常咯啉药代动力学－药效动力学。７只狗按８３．３３μｇ·ｋｇ￣（－１）·ｍｉｎ￣（－１）静脉滴注６０ｍｉｎ，在给药期间和停药后不同时间记录ＥＣＧ及测定血药浓度。Ｃ－Ｔ数据用药代程序计算药代参数；药效数据用药代－药效同步分析模型计算药效动力学参数，Ｋ１０，Ｔ１／２，Ｖｄ，Ｃｌ分别为０．００８７ｍｉｎ￣（－１），７８．０３ｍｉｎ，４０．５５ｍｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１）和０．４２１ｍｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１）·ｍｉｎ￣（－１）；Ｋｅ０和Ｃｅ（５０）分别为０．００４８ｍｉｎ￣（－１）和２．０１μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）.