CT引导下经坐骨大孔穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗卵巢囊肿的临床应用

目的 探讨CT引导下经坐骨大孔无水乙醇硬化治疗卵巢囊肿的价值。方法 21例卵巢囊肿，均为单发，直径3．5～5．5cm。采用CT引导下经坐骨大孔穿插卵巢囊肿，注射无水乙醇硬化治疗卵巢囊肿，经过1次或再次治疗，观察囊肿消失或缩小情况。结果 1次治疗后3～6个月CT或彩色多普勒复查一次，随访12个月，囊肿消失14例，囊肿消失率66．7％（14／21）；囊肿明显（或无明显）缩小5例，视为有效，占23．8％（5／21），囊肿增大2例，视为无效，占9．5％，再次治疗后随访12个月，5例囊腔消失，2例囊腔明显缩小，转妇科行药物保守治疗。即再次治疗后有效率为100％，囊腔消失率为90．5％。结论 CT引导下经坐骨大孔穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗卵巢囊肿疗效满意，尤其适合于直径3．5～5．5cm，囊肿壁薄。     

Manganese superoxide dismutase gene polymorphism, MnSOD plasma levels and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer

AIM: We aimed to confirm any relation between the manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) polymorphism and risk of ovarian carcinoma as well as to demonstrate any relation between the MnSOD mitochondrial signal sequence polymorphism and plasma MnSOD enzyme levels in women with ovarian carcinoma and healthy subjects. METHODS: In a population-based case - control study, we compared 55 cases with ovarian carcinoma and 51 controls regarding the occurrence of the C/T (alanine/valine, A/V) substitution at the -9 position in the mitochondrial signal sequence of the MnSOD gene. Polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism and Nu-Sieve agarose gel electrophoresis were utilized to perform genotyping. Additionally, MnSOD plasma levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methodology. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant elevated risks associated with V or A alleles. No statistically significant association between the alleles and plasma MnSOD levels were found. Overall plasma MnSOD levels were found to be significantly higher in the patient group. CONCLUSIONS: Although in this study, patients with ovarian carcinoma had significantly higher plasma MnSOD levels than the control group (P<0.001), no influence of the allelic distribution on plasma MnSOD levels could be detected in either group. Our results are in disagreement with earlier findings that there was an association between the A allele and increased risk for ovarian carcinoma. Thus, an extended study for a possible association between the MnSOD diallelic polymorphism and risk of ovarian cancer may be warranted.     

Delayed catastrophic thrombotic events in young and asymptomatic post COVID-19 patients

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis -     

Plasma α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone: sex differences and correlations with obesity

Rodent experiments raise the possibility of a regulatory role of peripheral α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in obesity and metabolism, but human data on peripheral α-MSH levels remain fragmentary. Because of the possible relationship between α-MSH and obesity, we endeavored to test the hypothesis that higher levels of α-MSH in obese patients would correlate with leptin levels and with other markers of obesity. Sixty normal-weight to obese healthy men and women participated. Weight, measures of body composition, and diet diaries were obtained; fasting blood was analyzed for α-MSH, lipids, glucose, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. To begin to understand the source of peripherally measured hormones, α-MSH was also measured in serum samples from 5 individuals with untreated Addison disease. Levels of α-MSH were higher in men vs women (10.1 ± 4.3 vs 7.6 ± 3.4 pmol/L, P = .019), and α-MSH levels were higher in patients with Addison disease vs controls (17.7 ± 2.3 vs 8.7 ± 0.52 pmol/L, P < .001). Measures of adiposity correlated with insulin and leptin in men and women, and with adiponectin in women. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone levels did not correlate significantly with any parameter of adiposity or diet composition. The elevated α-MSH levels in patients with untreated Addison disease suggest possible pituitary secretion of α-MSH to the periphery. The lack of correlation between peripheral α-MSH and parameters of adiposity suggests that endogenous plasma α-MSH levels are not a metric for body composition per se.     

Full genome sequence of peste des petits ruminants virus, a member of the Morbillivirus genus

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes an acute febrile illness in small ruminant species, mostly sheep and goats. PPRV is a member of the Morbillivirus genus which includes measles, rinderpest (cattle plague), canine distemper, phocine distemper and the morbilliviruses found in whales, porpoises and dolphins. Full length genome sequences for these morbilliviruses are available and reverse genetic rescue systems have been developed for the viruses of terrestrial mammals, with the exception of PPRV. This paper presents the first published full length genome sequence for PPRV. The genome was found to be consistent with the rule-of-six and open reading frames (ORFs) were identified that encoded the eight proteins characteristic of morbilliviruses. At the nucleotide (nt) level, the full length genome of PPRV was most similar to that of rinderpest, the other ruminant morbillivirus. However, at the protein level five of the six structural proteins and the V protein showed a greater similarity to the dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) while only the C and L proteins showed a high relationship to rinderpest.     

口腔科老年病人系统性疾病调查及护理

为了解口腔科老年诊病人系统性疾病的发生情况,以采取相应的护理对策,应用问卷调查法对在口腔科就诊的年龄≥60岁的501例病人所患系统性疾病进行调查,结果501例就诊病人中47．50％伴有系统性疾病,且并存两种及以上疾病者占11．58％,提示老年病 在进行其他疾病诊治时,应加强系统性疾病的观察,采取相应的护理对策,防止发生意外 及加重其系统性疾病;并做好健康教育,防治龋病及牙周病。     

固定矫治中的口腔健康指导与牙周健康

目的探讨口腔健康指导对固定正畸患者牙周健康的影响。方法选取接受正畸初诊儿童30名,随机分为两组。改良组采用改良口腔指导即模型和菌斑染色指导刷牙,传统组采用传统方法口头牙周宣教,检查其治疗前、矫治1周、4周和8周时牙菌斑指数和牙龈指数。结果改良组牙菌斑指数,治疗4周后显著上升,P0.05。改良组牙菌斑指数和牙龈指数上升程度小于传统组(P0.05)。结论正畸治疗会影响患者口腔卫生,采用模型指导和菌斑染色的改良口腔指导能提高患者口腔卫生水平。     

Known Cellular and Receptor Interactions of Animal and Human Coronaviruses: A Review

This article aims to review all currently known interactions between animal and human coronaviruses and their cellular receptors. Over the past 20 years, three novel coronaviruses have emerged that have caused severe disease in humans, including SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2); therefore, a deeper understanding of coronavirus host–cell interactions is essential. Receptor-binding is the first stage in coronavirus entry prior to replication and can be altered by minor changes within the spike protein—the coronavirus surface glycoprotein responsible for the recognition of cell-surface receptors. The recognition of receptors by coronaviruses is also a major determinant in infection, tropism, and pathogenesis and acts as a key target for host-immune surveillance and other potential intervention strategies. We aim to highlight the need for a continued in-depth understanding of this subject area following on from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with the possibility for more zoonotic transmission events. We also acknowledge the need for more targeted research towards glycan–coronavirus interactions as zoonotic spillover events from animals to humans, following an alteration in glycan-binding capability, have been well-documented for other viruses such as Influenza A.     

Quantitative analysis of retinal microvascular changes in prediabetic and diabetic patients

Purpose:To evaluate and correlate retinal microvascular changes in prediabetic and diabetic patients with functional and systemic parameters.Methods:Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed on all subjects after medical evaluation and laboratory investigations for blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, and others. Automated quantification of vascular indices of the superficial plexus were analyzed.Results:Hundred and eleven persons (222 eyes) were grouped into prediabetic (PDM) (60 eyes), diabetic without retinopathy (NDR) (56 eyes), diabetic with retinopathy (DR) (66 eyes), and healthy controls (CTR) (40 eyes). The superficial retinal capillary plexus showed no significant changes in the prediabetic and NDR groups; however, central foveal thickness (CFT) was significantly reduced in PDM (P = 0.04). The circularity of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) (P = 0.03) and the vessel density (VD) (P = 0.01) showed significant reduction from PDM to NDR. All vascular parameters were significantly reduced in DR and correlated with disease severity. The CFT correlated significantly with FAZ area. The VD and perfusion density were seen to correlate significantly with HbA1c and contrast sensitivity. The visual acuity was significantly correlated with the FAZ. Logistic regression revealed VD [OR 20.42 (7.9–53)] and FAZ perimeter [OR 9.8 (4.2–23.2)] as the strongest predictors of DR.Conclusion:The changes in OCTA can help predict onset of DR. FAZ changes are seen in early stages and are correlated well with systemic parameters, making it an easy target to monitor and screen for severity of DR. Significant reduction in the CFT in PDM suggests that neuronal damage precedes vascular changes.