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排序方式: 共有6871条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Ryohei Yamamoto Hajime Yamazaki Seibi Kobara Hiromi Iizuka Yasukazu Hijikata Jun Miyashita Yuki Kataoka Nobuyuki Yajima Toshio Miyata Sugihiro Hamaguchi Takafumi Wakita Yosuke Yamamoto Shunichi Fukuhara 《Journal of general internal medicine》2023,38(5):1239
BackgroundThe burden of COVID-19 on healthcare workers (HCWs) is reported to be increasing, yet the psychometric scales now in use evaluate only single aspects; few measure the pandemic-specific burden on HCWs comprehensively.ObjectiveTo develop a scale to quantify the physical, mental, and socioeconomic burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCWs.DesignScale development and cross-sectional survey.ParticipantsConsenting HCWs aged ≥20.Main MeasuresDevelopment of an item-list based on literature reviews and HCW panel input, evaluation of content validity and item selection using the Delphi method, psychometric testing conducted on HCWs, validity assessment by factor analyses and hypothesis verification, internal consistency evaluation by Cronbach’s alpha, test-retest analysis, and interpretability assessment.Key ResultsThrough the Delphi process, a 29-item pilot scale was generated. In psychometric testing, data from 863 HCWs contributed to the development of the final version of this scale, called Pandemic Burden Index twenty for HCWs (PBI-20), a 20-item scale to measure six domains: fatigue, fear of infection, inadequacy as a medical professional, mental health concerns, prejudice or discrimination, and anxiety about one’s livelihood and daily life. Factor analysis showed each factor corresponded to the six domains of this scale. Hypothesis verification showed the PBI-20 total score to be moderately to highly correlated with the Short Form 36 vitality score and mental health score and with intention of turnover. The PBI-20 had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.92). Test-retest analysis showed the intraclass correlation coefficient to be 0.70 and the minimal important change to be −7.0.ConclusionsThe psychometrically sound questionnaire we developed to measure pandemic-specific burdens for HCWs provides an understanding of comprehensive burdens on HCWs and may serve to evaluate interventions to reduce the burdens.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11606-023-08028-3.KEY WORDS: COVID-19, pandemic, burden, health personnel, psychometrics 相似文献
102.
Takahiro Matsui Akio Iwasa Masafumi Mimura Seiji Taniguchi Takao Sudo Yutaka Uchida Junichi Kikuta Hidetomo Morizono Rie Horii Yuichi Motoyama Eiichi Morii Shinji Ohno Yasujiro Kiyota Masaru Ishii 《Cancer science》2022,113(8):2916
Histopathological diagnosis is the ultimate method of attaining the final diagnosis; however, the observation range is limited to the two‐dimensional plane, and it requires thin slicing of the tissue, which limits diagnostic information. To seek solutions for these problems, we proposed a novel imaging‐based histopathological examination. We used the multiphoton excitation microscopy (MPM) technique to establish a method for visualizing unfixed/unstained human breast tissues. Under near‐infrared ray excitation, fresh human breast tissues emitted fluorescent signals with three major peaks, which enabled visualizing the breast tissue morphology without any fixation or dye staining. Our study using human breast tissue samples from 32 patients indicated that experienced pathologists can estimate normal or cancerous lesions using only these MPM images with a kappa coefficient of 1.0. Moreover, we developed an image classification algorithm with artificial intelligence that enabled us to automatically define cancer cells in small areas with a high sensitivity of ≥0.942. Taken together, label‐free MPM imaging is a promising method for the real‐time automatic diagnosis of breast cancer. 相似文献
103.
Yoichi Hatamoto Eiichi Yoshimura Rie Takae Takaaki Komiyama Mai Matsumoto Yasuki Higaki Hiroaki Tanaka 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2021,31(6):1879-1889
Background and aimsBreaking up sedentary periods, particularly with light activity, increases total energy expenditure (EE), and helps provide better glycemic control. However, the effects of activities of various intensities to interrupt prolonged sedentary time are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine potential differences in glycemic control and EE from breaking up sedentary time with short exercise bouts of different intensities.Methods and resultsNine overweight/obesity young men underwent whole body indirect calorimetry at 19:00 on day 1 and stayed overnight. After awakening on day 2, they performed short duration jogging every 30 min over 8 h (16-time bouts in total) under 3 different conditions with the same running distance: (1) lactate threshold (LT) for 2 min, (2) 60% LT for 200 s, and (3) onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) for 75 s. The 24-h EE and interstitial glucose concentration (from 8:00 to 19:00 on day 2) was continuously measured throughout the trials. The standard deviation during intervention and indexes of postprandial of the interstitial glucose concentration was significantly lower at LT and OBLA than at 60% LT (p < 0.05). The 24-h EE was not significantly different among conditions, but EE at OBLA during intervention was slightly but significantly higher than at 60% LT and LT.ConclusionBreaking up sedentary time with short-duration jogging at LT and with OBLA intensities may have better glycemic control and increased use of carbohydrate as a fuel, while short-duration a jogging at OBLA intensity may increase EE.Trial registrationUMIN000041361. 相似文献
104.
105.
Chiyohiko Shindoh Rie Shishido Katsuyuki Sasaki Masahito Miura 《Allergology international》2011,60(3):365-372
BackgroundAlthough oxitropium bromide is used clinically as an anticholinergic drug (i.e., parasympathetic antagonist) to relax airway smooth muscle, we examined whether it has or does not have any effects on diaphragm muscle.MethodsThree treatment sets, an oxitropium bromide inhalation only group, an oxitropium bromide inhalation plus endotoxin injection group (in vivo) and an oxitropium bromide incubation group (in vitro) were studied as to diaphragm muscle contractile properties.ResultsOxitropium bromide inhalation shifted force-frequency curves upward at 2 h after inhalation (p < 0.05) and inhibited the decrease of force-frequency curves due to endotoxin injection in vivo. Incubation with oxitropium bromide of untreated diaphragm muscle and diaphragm muscle injected with endotoxin did not increase the force-frequency curves dose-dependently in vitro; however, it caused both types of muscle to be fatigue resistant.ConclusionsWe speculate that the increment of muscle contractility with the inhalation of oxitropium bromide was induced by the antagonization of musucarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR). In addition, the changes of fatigue resistance provoked by oxitropium bromide, which also is speculated to antagonize mAChR, may be beneficial in the treatment of patients with COPD. 相似文献
106.
Pornkawee Charoenlarp Arun Kumar Rajendran Rie Fujihara Taisei Kojima Ken-ichi Nakahama Yoshihiro Sasaki 《Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition》2013,24(15):1876-1894
AbstractDifferent approaches have been developed to improve the scaffold properties that provide structural support and biological interaction to achieve the desired environment for tissue regeneration. We previously reported that addition of human fibroblast growth factor 18 (hFGF18) to acryloyl group-modified cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHPOA) nanogel-crosslinked (NanoClik) hydrogels that contain human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2) stabilized bone healing in mouse calvarial defect model. In this study, we evaluated the use of disc-shaped dried nanogel-crosslinked gel as carriers of growth factors in order to seek possible clinical application in future. Both conventionally-dried NanoClik disc and nanogel-crosslinked porous (NanoCliP) disc made by freeze-drying that contained the growth factors induced bone healing but not as much as with NanoClik hydrogel application but addition of RGD peptides (RGD-NanoCliP disc) improved the healing. All type of discs showed the same biphasic ovalbumin-Alexa Fluor 488 protein release profile in vitro, an initial burst followed by a gradual sustained release more than one week, which was confirmed in vivo. Histological analysis showed remarkable new bone formation with more calcification in RGD-NanoCliP disc with the growth factors and the osteogenesis appeared to begin in the dura mater in contact with the disc. These observations suggest: (1) the fitness of the durable discs to the bone defect is a critical factor for bone healing, which is supplemented by addition of RGD peptides, (2) the porosity is suitable for osteoblast recruitment, (3) growth factor release pattern of the CHPOA nanogel based gels is ideal for bone healing. 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
Identification and initial characterization of novel neural immediate early genes possibly differentially contributing to foraging‐related learning and memory processes in the honeybee
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A. Ugajin H. Uchiyama T. Miyata T. Sasaki S. Yajima M. Ono 《Insect molecular biology》2018,27(2):154-165
Despite possessing a limited number of neurones compared to vertebrates, honeybees show remarkable learning and memory performance, an example being ‘dance communication’. In this phenomenon, foraging honeybees learn the location of a newly discovered food source and transmit the information to nestmates by symbolic abdomen vibrating behaviour, leading to navigation of nestmates to the new food source. As an initial step toward understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the sophisticated learning and memory performance of the honeybee, we focused on the neural immediate early genes (IEGs), which are specific genes quickly transcribed after neural activity without de novo protein synthesis. Although these have been reported to play an essential role in learning and memory processes in vertebrates, far fewer studies have been performed in insects in this regard. From RNA‐sequencing analysis and subsequent assays, we identified three genes, Src homology 3 (SH3) domain binding kinase, family with sequence similarity 46 and GB47136, as novel neural IEGs in the honeybee. Foragers and/or orientating bees, which fly around their hives to memorize the positional information, showed induced expression of these IEGs in the mushroom body, a higher‐order centre essential for learning and memory, indicating a possible role for the novel IEGs in foraging‐related learning and memory processes in the honeybee. 相似文献
110.
Contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for differential diagnosis of localized gallbladder lesions
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Ken Kamata Mamoru Takenaka Masayuki Kitano Shunsuke Omoto Takeshi Miyata Kosuke Minaga Kentaro Yamao Hajime Imai Tosiharu Sakurai Naoshi Nishida Hiroshi Kashida Takaaki Chikugo Yasutaka Chiba Takuya Nakai Yoshifumi Takeyama Andrea Lisotti Pietro Fusaroli Masatoshi Kudo 《Digestive endoscopy》2018,30(1):98-106