Using a two-step method of surface mechanical attrition treatment and calcium ion implantation to promote the osteogenic activity of mesenchymal stem cells as well as biomineralization on a β-titanium surface

Surface treatment is known as a very efficient measure by which to modulate the surface properties of biomaterials in terms of grain structure, topography, roughness and chemistry to determine the osseointegration of implants. In this work, a two-step method of surface modification was employed to impart high osteogenic activity and biomineralization capacity on a Ti–25Nb–3Mo–2Sn–3Zr alloy (a type of β-titanium named TLM). The preliminary surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) refined the average grain size from 170 ± 19 μm to 74 ± 8 nm in the TLM surface layer and promoted the surface to be much rougher and more hydrophilic. The subsequent Ca-ion implantation did not change the surface roughness and topography obviously, but enhanced the surface wettability of the SMAT-treated TLM alloy. The in vitro evaluations of the adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic genes (RUNX2, ALP, BMP-2, OPN, OCN and COL-I) and protein (ALP, OPN, OCN and COL-I) expressions, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) revealed that the initial SMAT-treated sample significantly enhanced the adhesion and osteogenic functions of MSCs compared to an untreated TLM sample, and the subsequent introduction of Ca ions onto the SMAT-derived nanograined sample further promotes the MSC adhesion, proliferation, osteo-differentiation and ECM mineralization due to the adsorption of more proteins such as laminin (Ln), fibronectin (Fn) and vitronectin (Vn) on the surface, as well as the increase in extracellular Ca concentrations. In addition, the biomineralization capacity of the samples was also evaluated by soaking them in simulated bodily fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for 28 days, and the results showed that the Ca-ion implanted sample significantly boosted the deposition of Ca and P containing minerals on its surface, which was associated with the generation of more Ti–OH groups on the surface after ion implantation. The combination of the SMAT technique and Ca-ion implantation thus endowed the TLM alloy with outstanding osteogenic and biomineralization properties, providing a potential means for its future use in the orthopedic field.

Combination of the SMAT technique and Ca-ion implantation produced a β-titanium alloy with a bioactive surface layer, which was proved to effectively promote the osteogenic activity of MSCs and Ca–P mineral deposition in vitro.     

Causes of death in primary plasma cell leukemia differ from multiple myeloma: A STROBE-compliant descriptive study based on SEER database

The primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a rare but aggressive variant of multiple myeloma (MM). Few studies have focused on the differences in the causes of death between pPCL and MM. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the causes of death of patients with pPCL and MM.The data were collected from the Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The demographic characteristics, survival, and causes of death in pPCL and MM patients were evaluated and compared. The competing risk regression model was performed to predict the cause of death.Between 1975 and 2009, the overall mortality rate was 96.13% and 88.71% for pPCL and MM, and the median survival was 9 and 26 months, respectively. In pPCL, leukemia caused 45.05% of the deaths, followed by myeloma (38.83%). In MM, myeloma was the leading cause of death, accounting for 74.89% of the deaths. Older age at diagnosis was a risk factor for dying of leukemia in pPCL patients (HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.16–1.91), while older age at death was associated with reduced risk (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.86). Although the survival of pPCL patients increased with time periods of diagnosis since 1975 to 2009, the risk of dying of leukemia increased with the periods. For MM, most of the demographic characteristics were found to have independently predicting influence on the cause of death.Patients with pPCL and MM had distinct causes of death. Leukemia was the leading and the most serious cause of death in pPCL patients. The demographic factors could not predict the causes of death in pPCL. More large-scale and multi-center studies are needed to evaluate the effect of novel agents in pPCL patients, especially for patients who have progressed to leukemia.     

妇科恶性肿瘤的时辰化疗进展

目的介绍近年来适用于妇科恶性肿瘤化疗的药物涉及时辰方案设计的研究成果,方法通过搜集并整理近年来国内外时辰化疗的相关临床和临床前试验的相关文献结果与结论应用时辰化疗理论,改进妇科肿瘤患者化疗方案和给药时间,可以有效降低化疗药物的毒副作用,较常规治疗具有优势,但不同人群、不同种族间的时辰依赖性是否存在差异,有待于进一步研究、     

实验用藏猪和巴马小型猪线粒体DNA控制区碱基序列比较

目的：分析比较实验用藏猪和巴马小型猪线粒体DNA控制区D．100p区碱基序列的差异,探讨小型猪的遗传标记。方法：提取59头藏猪和16头巴马小型猪血液基因组DNA,设计特异引物扩增mtDNAD．100p,从凝胶中纯化后直接测序,进行比较。结果：2种小型猪mtDNAD-loop都存在串连重复序列区和非重复序列区（5’端和3’端）;重复序列区处于中间位置,藏猪有2种类型（A型和B型）,巴马小型猪只有1种类型（A型）;藏猪D—loop5’端（704bp）发现有20个变异位点,其中有3个主要的转换位点：305,500,691,巴马小型猪未发现多态位点,与藏猪以及其他猪相比,巴马小型猪D．100p5’端在180、404位有2个碱基差异。结论：藏猪mtDNA D-100p区碱基序列存在2种类型（A型和B型）;巴马小型猪mtDNAD—loop区碱基序列多态性较低,有2个遗传标记位点。     

Morphology,Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of S32101 Duplex Stainless-Steel Joints in K-TIG Welding

In this paper, the {"type":"entrez-protein","attrs":{"text":"S32101","term_id":"422005","term_text":"pir||S32101"}}S32101 duplex stainless steel welded joints were produced by a K-TIG welding system. The weld geometry parameters under different welding speeds were analyzed by combining the morphological characteristics of the keyhole. The microstructure and impact toughness of the base metal and weld metal zone under different welding speeds were studied. The experiment results show that the welding speed has quite an effect on the geometry profile of the weld. In addition, the characteristic parameters of the keyhole can effectively predict the geometry profile of the weld. The test results prove that the microstructure, Σ3 coincidence site lattice grain boundary, and phase boundary of ferrite and austenite have an effect on the impact property of the weld metal zone. When the proportion of the austenite, Σ3 coincidence site lattice grain boundary and random phase boundary increased, the impact property of the weld metal zone also increased.     

噪声对豚鼠耳蜗外淋巴Ca2+的影响及天麻素对噪声性聋的防护作用

目的探讨噪声暴露对耳蜗外淋巴Ca2 含量的影响,并观察天麻素对噪声性聋的防护作用。方法将42只健康豚鼠随机分为3组,8只为对照组,未作噪声暴露,17只为噪声暴露组,17只为噪声 天麻素组,用天麻素预防,用微量进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定耳蜗外淋巴Ca2 含量,检测噪声暴露前、后听性脑干反应(ABR),并与对照组比较。结果噪声暴露组耳蜗外淋巴平均Ca2 含量(113.67±42.22μg/ml)显著低于对照组(196.91±47.10μg/ml)(P<0.01),噪声 天麻素组耳蜗外淋巴平均Ca2 含量(151.15±60.65μg/ml)与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);噪声暴露后,噪声 天麻素组、噪声暴露组ABR阈值均显著升高(P<0.01),但噪声暴露组(88.53±5.08dBSPL)高于噪声 天麻素组(83.68±4.93dBSPL),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论噪声暴露可降低耳蜗外淋巴Ca2 含量,后者是噪声致聋的重要发病机理之一;天麻素能减轻噪声暴露引起的外淋巴Ca2 下降,对噪声性聋可能具有一定的预防作用。     

重庆地区血红蛋白病的患病率及其基因型和血液学表型分析

目的：分析重庆地区血红蛋白病的携带率、基因型构成及血液学特征,为血红蛋白病筛查及诊断方法的合理选择提供依据。方法：对49 551例进行血红蛋白病筛查的患者外周血样本,采用多重PCR-导流杂交或测序等方法检测地中海贫血常见23种基因位点及血红蛋白变异体(hemoglobin variants,HbVs)相关突变位点;再对确诊血红蛋白病患者的血常规和血红蛋白电泳结果进行回顾分析,评估血常规、血红蛋白电泳二者联合检查在血红蛋白病筛查诊断中的价值。结果：共检出3 511例血红蛋白病(7.09%),其中α地贫携带者1 840例,以--^SEA/αα、-α^3.7/αα和-α^4.2/αα为主;β地贫携带者1 540例,以CD17、IVS-Ⅱ-654、CD41-42为主;异常血红蛋白病65例,β链变异体为主;复合血红蛋白病64例,α地贫复合β地贫携带者57例,地贫复合异常血红蛋白病7例。血红蛋白病患者的血红蛋白、红细胞平均体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白量指标降低与α或β链合成的减少程度呈正相关,而血红蛋白A2(adult hemoglobin ...     

运用动脉自旋标记技术研究大脑中针刺效应的展望

动脉自旋标记(ASL)灌注成像是以动脉血作为内源性示踪剂、无创性观测血流灌注情况的磁共振检查新技术。它可对局部脑血流量(rCBF)进行绝对测量,弥补由于BOLD信号低所致结果可重复性差的缺陷,交叉验证当前针刺效应研究中BOLD–fMRI成像结果,使研究结论更具推广意义,为无创、实时、可视化地研究人脑中针刺效应提供了新的手段。本文对ASL技术的成像原理、应用于中枢神经系统的现状、与BOLD–fMRI技术的比较、在针刺效应研究方面的应用价值进行了总结。     

朝医体质治疗法治疗太阳人少阳人前列腺炎的研究

目的:观察朝医体质治疗法治疗太阳人、少阳人前列腺炎的效果。方法:将316例太阳人、少阳人体质前列腺炎患者服用“前必治口服液Ⅰ号”、“前必治口服液Ⅱ号”1个月,检测治疗前后外周全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原、前列腺液白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、脓球、EPS-ZnI、gAI、gG、IL-2、IL-6水平变化和症状改善情况。结果:前列腺炎患者主要症状有显著改善,血液流变学指标明显好转,前列腺液的白细胞(WBC)、EPS-ZnI、gAI、gG显著下降(P<0.01),IL-2、IL-6治疗后明显降低(P<0.01),IL-6无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:朝医体质治疗法治疗太阳人、少阳人前列腺炎疗效显著。