血清前－S_2蛋白检测的临床意义

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１０４例各类型乙型肝炎（乙肝）患者的血清前－Ｓ２抗原（Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｇ）及其抗体（Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｂ），结果表明，Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｇ的出现与ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢｃＡｂ呈显著相关性（Ｐ值均＜０．００５），主要见于乙肝急性期及慢性乙肝患者，说明病毒复制活跃、传染性强。而Ｐｒｅ－Ｓ２Ａｂ阳性仅见于急性乙肝恢复期。     

Haemorrhagic pituitary tumours

In a group of 69 patients with pituitary tumours, 12 were found to have evidence of intratumoral haemorrhage on MRI, characterized by high signal intensity on short TR/TE sequences. This was verified in all but 1 patient. The majority of the bleedings occurred in macroadenomas. Five (42%) were prolactinomas and 4 (33%) were non-functioning adenomas. There were 2 GH- and 1 ACTH-secreting tumours. All 5 patients with prolactinomas were on bromocriptine medication. Two of the patients had a clinical picture of pituitary apoplexy. The haemorrhage was not large enough to prompt surgery in any of the patients. However, surgical verification of the diagnosis was obtained in 5 cases, while 6 patients were examined with follow-up MRI.     

局限缺血－再灌注心肌细胞内钙超负荷发生机制的探讨

本文通过犬急性心肌缺血－再灌注模型探讨缺血－再灌注心肌Ｃａ２＋超负荷的发生机制。当心肌持续缺血１５０ｍｉｎ，心肌细胞内Ｃａ２＋、Ｎａ＋增加、Ｋ＋降低；心肌细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性降低，心肌组织丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量增加．而心肌缺血９０ｍｉｎ后，再灌注６０ｍｉｎ，与之比较细胞内Ｃａ２＋明显增加，伴Ｎａ＋升高、Ｋ＋降低，心肌细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性降低，ＭＤＡ含量增加，说明缺血－再灌注过程中Ｎａ＋升高、Ｎａ＋－Ｃａ２＋交换增加，Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性降低是细胞内Ｃａ２＋超负荷发生的重要原因。     

16例胸膜间皮瘤临床分析

１６例胸膜间皮瘤，其中１例有石棉接触史，占６．１７％；＞４０岁者占８１．５％。主要临床表现为胸痛、气短、咳嗽、低热和胸腔积液，临床上易误诊为结核性胸膜炎、肺癌胸膜转移等。胸部ｘ线检查及胸部ＣＴ对该病的诊断有帮助，大都有特征性表现。确诊靠针刺胸膜活检及开胸活检。胸膜间皮瘤的治疗主要采用手术、放疗和化疗，对于局限型治疗首选手术切除。肿瘤的良、恶性、疾病的分期及治疗与预后有一定关系。     

广东汉族人群HLA-Cw多态性及单体型分析

目的检测广东汉族人群HLA．Cw及HLA-A、B、DRB1基因频率，分析该人群HLA-Cw等位基因多态性及其单体型特点。方法骨髓移植供者185例，抗凝血提取DNA，半量全自动PCR-RSSO分型检测HLA-A、B、Cw、DRB1基因型。结果在分辨水平检出Cw等位基因11个，其中分布频率较高的依次为：Cw*03(0．2580)、Cw*07(0．1887)、Cw*01(0．1732)、Cw*08(0．1070)。统计分析呈现显著连锁不平衡的HLA-Cw．A单体型7个，HLA-Cw-B单体型20个，HLA—Cw．DRB1单体型10个。结论广东汉族群体HLA-Cw基因具有较为丰富的多态性，其与HLA-A、B、DRB1间连锁不平衡单体型具有地区性遗传特征。     

移植肾破裂的处理

目的　提高移植肾破裂的防治水平。方法　 6例移植肾破裂 ,手术前 2例 ,手术后 4例。 2例术前供肾破裂 ,采用切开移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。 1例术后移植肾破裂早期 ,出血少 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物。 3例术后移植肾破裂出血量估计超过 10 0 0ml者 ,采用手术延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。结果　 ( 1)手术前 2例手术后 4例 ,采用切开或者延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾并配合“硝普钠”降压的方法处理 ,均未再破裂出血 ,移植肾功能恢复良好。 ( 2 ) 1例术后移植肾破裂早期的患者 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物 ,非手术治疗成功。结论　 ( 1)采用手术切开或延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾可以有效治疗移植肾破裂。 ( 2 )移植肾破裂出血少的情况下 ,可以在密切观察下非手术治疗     

论网络化时代电视教材的重要性

针对教学实践中重视计算机辅助教学忽视电视教材的倾向，本文通过对网络时代中电视教材的作用和地位的分析，阐述了加强计算机辅助教学的必要性和加强电视教材制作及应用的重要性以及二者间的关系。     

前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣的临床应用

目的总结前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析42例前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣，并结合文献阐明其变异程度及变异的处理。结果骨间背侧血管在前臂中1／3缺如1例．皮瓣边缘坏死；皮瓣向近端延伸超过4cm者4例，远端坏死，延迟愈合；其余均一期愈合：结论虽然前臂骨间背侧血管有变异，但前臂逆行骨间背侧皮瓣仍是修复手背中等大小创面较为理想的方法，以近点皮肤穿支向近端延伸皮瓣不要超过4cm。     

The role of ostiomeatal complex obstruction in maxillary fungus ball.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the role of ostiomeatal complex obstruction in maxillary fungus ball. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Comparative study in a hospital setting of the mean Lund-Mackay scores for the anterior ethmoid and frontal sinuses of 54 versus 48 patients with maxillary fungus ball versus chronic unilateral rhinosinusitis, respectively. RESULTS: In cases with partial opacification in the maxillary sinus, the anterior ethmoid and frontal sinuses were diseased in the chronic unilateral rhinosinusitis group but not in the maxillary fungus ball group. In cases with total opacification in the maxillary sinuses, all anterior ethmoid and frontal sinuses in both groups were diseased, but the disease condition of the frontal sinuses was significantly less severe in the maxillary fungus ball group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: In this era of evidence-based medicine, we provide statistical data supporting the principle that maxillary fungus ball is not associated with osteomeatal complex obstruction and that another as-yet-unexplained mechanism must be responsible. EBM rating: B-3b.     

Induced abortion in China and the advances of post abortion family planning service

<正>This is a review of current situation of induced abortion and post abortion family planning service in China. Induced abortion is an important issue in reproductive health. This article reviewed the distribution of induced abortion in various time, areas, and population in China, and explored the character, reason, and harm to reproductive health of induced abortion. Furthermore, this article introduces the concept of Quality of Care Program in Family Planning, and discusses how important and necessary it is to introduce Quality of Care Program in Family Planning to China.