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101.
Deidra?C?CrewsEmail author Orlando?M?Gutiérrez Stacey?A?Fedewa Jean-Christophe?Luthi David?Shoham Suzanne?E?Judd Neil?R?Powe William?M?McClellan 《BMC nephrology》2014,15(1):192
Background
The risk of end stage renal disease (ESRD) is increased among individuals with low income and in low income communities. However, few studies have examined the relation of both individual and community socioeconomic status (SES) with incident ESRD.Methods
Among 23,314 U.S. adults in the population-based Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study, we assessed participant differences across geospatially-linked categories of county poverty [outlier poverty, extremely high poverty, very high poverty, high poverty, neither (reference), high affluence and outlier affluence]. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations of annual household income and geospatially-linked county poverty measures with incident ESRD, while accounting for death as a competing event using the Fine and Gray method.Results
There were 158 ESRD cases during follow-up. Incident ESRD rates were 178.8 per 100,000 person-years (105 py) in high poverty outlier counties and were 76.3 /105 py in affluent outlier counties, p trend?=?0.06. In unadjusted competing risk models, persons residing in high poverty outlier counties had higher incidence of ESRD (which was not statistically significant) when compared to those persons residing in counties with neither high poverty nor affluence [hazard ratio (HR) 1.54, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.75-3.20]. This association was markedly attenuated following adjustment for socio-demographic factors (age, sex, race, education, and income); HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.46-2.00. However, in the same adjusted model, income was independently associated with risk of ESRD [HR 3.75, 95% CI 1.62-8.64, comparing the?<?$20,000 income group to the?>?$75,000 group]. There were no statistically significant associations of county measures of poverty with incident ESRD, and no evidence of effect modification.Conclusions
In contrast to annual family income, geospatially-linked measures of county poverty have little relation with risk of ESRD. Efforts to mitigate socioeconomic disparities in kidney disease may be best appropriated at the individual level.102.
C. Barrett Bowling John N. Booth III Orlando M. Gutiérrez Manjula Kurella Tamura Lei Huang Meredith Kilgore Suzanne Judd David G. Warnock William M. McClellan Richard M. Allman Paul Muntner 《Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology》2014,9(10):1737-1745
Background and objectives
The term “nondisease-specific” has been used to describe problems that cross multiple domains of health and are not necessarily the result of a single underlying disease. Although individuals with reduced eGFR and elevated albumin-to-creatinine ratio have many comorbidities, the prevalence of and outcomes associated with nondisease-specific problems have not been well studied.Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Participants included 3557 black and white United States adults ≥75 years of age from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study. Nondisease-specific problems included cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, exhaustion, falls, impaired mobility, and polypharmacy. Hazard ratios for mortality over a median (interquartile range) of 5.4 (4.2–6.9) years of follow-up associated with one, two, or three to six nondisease-specific problems were calculated and stratified by eGFR (≥60, 45–59, and <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and separately, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (<30, 30–299, and ≥300 mg/g). Secondary outcomes included hospitalizations and emergency department visits over 1.8 (0.7–4.0) and 2.3 (0.9–4.7) years of follow-up, respectively.Results
The prevalence of nondisease-specific problems was more common at lower eGFR and higher albumin-to-creatinine ratio levels. Within each eGFR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio strata, the risk for mortality was higher among those with a greater number of nondisease-specific problems. For example, among those with an eGFR=45–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for mortality associated with one, two, or three to six nondisease-specific problems were 1.17 (0.78 to 1.76), 1.95 (1.24 to 3.07), and 2.44 (1.39 to 4.27; P trend <0.001). Risk for hospitalization and emergency department visits was higher among those with more nondisease-specific problems within eGFR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio strata.Conclusions
Among older adults, nondisease-specific problems commonly co-occur with reduced eGFR and elevated albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Identification of nondisease-specific problems may provide mortality risk information independent of measures of kidney function. 相似文献103.
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106.
JO Guerrissi 《The Journal of craniofacial surgery》2012,23(4):1202-1204
Tumors that developed into the soft tissues of the cheek rising from the anterior prolongation of the parotid gland, minor salivary glands, and the masseter muscle are the most profitable with the use of video-assisted surgery.In the Department of Plastic Surgery at Argerich Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 1999 to 2010, video-assisted approaches were used in the treatment of 158 patients, 16 of them presented tumors that developed into the tissues of the cheek.Intraoral approach such as natural orifice surgery was performed in 13 cases; in the other 3 cases, a preauricular incision was performed. Minor complications such as hematoma and transitory paresis of the superior buccal nerve were detected.Video-assisted technique offers both good illumination and excellent magnification, permitting not only a safe anatomic dissection by means of surgical maneuvers in avascular planes but also contributed to avoid injuries of facial nerve branches and secondary obstruction of the Stensen duct. On the other hand, when intraoral incisions are used, visible scarring is avoided; the uses of transoral areas are the most feasible approaches of natural orifice surgery.The outcome achieved with endoscopic techniques in mediofacial lateral areas has permitted to consider it as the first election in the surgical treatment in tumors that developed into the soft tissues of the cheek, offering more advantages than the classic approaches. 相似文献
107.
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109.
da Silveira Fd Lopes Bde A da Fonseca CO Quirico-Santos T de Palmer Paixão IC de Amorim LM 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》2012,138(8):1347-1354
Purpose
Malignant gliomas are associated with alteration in EGF/EGFR signaling. Functional EGF+61A>G polymorphism is implicated with risk, recurrence, and progression of glioma. This study aimed to establish a putative association of EGF+61A>G with risk of glioma development, production of angiogenic growth factor EGF, and the response to perillyl alcohol administered by intranasal route.Methods
The study included 83 patients with recurrent glioma enrolled in Phase I/II trial for intranasal perillyl alcohol therapy and subjects without cancer (n?=?196) as control group. DNA was extracted from blood samples, EGF genotype performed with PCR–RFLP assay, and EGF circulating levels by enzyme immunoassay. Adequate statistical tests were performed to verify associations between polymorphism and glioma risk, and genotype correlation with EGF circulating levels. The log-rank test was also used to evaluate differences on patient survival.Results
Patients with primary glioblastoma had high frequency of AA genotype (p?=?0.037) and A allele (p?=?0.037). Increased EGF circulating levels were observed in glioma patients with AA (p?=?0.042), AG (p?=?0.006), and AA?+?AG (p?=?0.008) genotypes compared with GG. Patients with GG genotype showed increased but not significant (p?>?0.05) survival rate, and EGF levels lower than 250?pg/mL was consistently (p?=?0.0374) associated with increased survival.Conclusion
Presence of EGF+61A>G polymorphism in Brazilian subjects was associated with glioma risk and increased circulating EGF levels. Better response to perillyl alcohol-based therapy was observed in a group of adult Brazilian subjects with lower EGF levels. 相似文献110.
The hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are used extensively in the treatment for hyperlipidemia. They
have also demonstrated a benefit in a variety of other disease processes, including a wide range of rheumatologic disorders.
These secondary actions are known as pleiotropic effects. Our paper serves as a focused and updated discussion on the pleiotropic
effects of statins in rheumatologic disorders and emphasizes the importance of randomized, placebo-controlled trials to further
elucidate this interesting phenomenon. 相似文献