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111.
In polytraumatized patients, traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta is usually caused by blunt vascular injuries due to deceleration. The aortic injury is generally located distal to the left subclavian artery. Even without further thoracic lesions, a computer tomography should be performed in the emergency room, because a rupture can exist even in the absence of symptoms. The traditional therapeutic option is open, left thoracotomy followed by direct aortic reconstruction. Alternatively, endovascular implantation of a thoracic stent graft can be performed immediately in urgent situations or, with delayed priority, under systematically management of the blood pressure. In this article, not only the mechanisms of injury but also diagnostic and therapeutic options of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta are described. As depicted by two case histories, potential symptoms and prognosis of patients with this life-threatening vascular lesion depend on accompanying injuries. With rapid diagnosis and treatment, there is the possibility of good recovery from traumatic aortic rupture. 相似文献
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114.
During aging increases in body weight, insulin resistance, and elevated systolic pressure contribute to the development of
metabolic syndrome. Long-term systemic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with either an angiotensin (Ang) II
type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor improves insulin sensitivity and decreases risk of new onset
(type II) diabetes. However, the role of the brain RAS in mediating development of insulin insensitivity during aging is not
known. Therefore, we compared responses to an oral glucose load in transgenic rats with selective antisense suppression of
brain angiotensinogen (ASrAogen); (mRen2)27 rats with high brain angiotensin II; and control Hannover Sprague-Dawley (SD)
rats, at wk 16 and 68 of age. ASrAogen animals had lower body weight than either SD or (mRen2) 27 rats at both ages (p<0.001). The oral glucose tolerance test at 16 wk in (mRen2)27 animals revealed a higher glucose-insulin index (154,421±11,231
untits; p<0.05) and a lower glucose-insulin index in ASrAogen rats (41,580±10,923 units, p<0.05) compared to SD rats (97,134±19,822 units), suggesting insulin resistance in the (mRen2)27 and enhanced insulin sensitivity
in the ASrAogen relative to SD rats. At 68 wk, the glucose-insulin index remained low in the ASrAogen rats as evidence of
maintained insulin sensitivity during aging compared with either SD or (mRen2)27 (p<0.05). SD animals do not differ from (mRen2)27 rats at 68 wk indicating the development of a state of relative insulin resistance
with increased age in the SD rats. Moreover, there was a positive correlation (r=0.44; p<0.05) between body weight and the glucose-insulin index in SD, but not ASrAogen or (mRen2)27 rats. The relationships between
insulin and leptin, insulin and glucose, and leptin and body weight observed in SD rats were absent in ASrAogen and (mRen2)27
rats. We conclude that the glial RAS plays a role in development of insulin resistance as well as influencing weight gain
associated with early aging. 相似文献
115.
Follmar KE Prichard HL DeCroos FC Wang HT Levin LS Klitzman B Olbrich KC Erdmann D 《Annals of plastic surgery》2007,58(5):561-565
Currently available options for the repair of bony defects have substantial limitations. Much work has looked to the possibility of engineering bone using stem cells. These tissue-engineering efforts have focused on calvarial defect models, which have the advantages of minimal load-bearing and a large surface area. This study aims to solve the somewhat more challenging problem of repairing segmental bony defects such as those of the mandible and long bones. Four groups of decellularized bone tubes with cortical perforations were implanted subcutaneously in a rabbit model: empty bone tubes, bone tubes containing fibrin glue alone, bone tubes containing fibrin glue and freshly isolated autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and bone tubes containing fibrin glue and predifferentiated autologous ASCs. Results showed a foreign body response characterized by fibrous capsule formation with minimal angiogenesis and no evidence of osteoblastic activity. Substantial changes are needed if this model is to become viable. 相似文献
116.
Baccarani A Follmar KE Marcus JR Levin LS Erdmann D 《The Journal of craniofacial surgery》2006,17(6):1163-1166
Frontonasal duct injury is a critical factor in the treatment of frontal sinus fractures. We present the case of a 43-year-old man who sustained multiple comminuted fractures of the anterior table of the frontal sinus and of the orbital roof as the result of a gunshot. After adequate debridement, the combined bone and soft tissue defect was reconstructed with a titanium mesh and a free radial forearm flap. The frontonasal duct injury was treated by surgical obliteration with a custom designed fascio-subcutaneous extension of the free radial forearm flap. The postoperative course was uneventful with good functional and aesthetic results. No early or late complications have occurred. 相似文献
117.
Geographical distribution of hantaviruses in Thailand and potential human health significance of Thailand virus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Pattamadilok S Lee BH Kumperasart S Yoshimatsu K Okumura M Nakamura I Araki K Khoprasert Y Dangsupa P Panlar P Jandrig B Krüger DH Klempa B Jäkel T Schmidt J Ulrich R Kariwa H Arikawa J 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2006,75(5):994-1002
Phylogenetic investigations, sequence comparisons, and antigenic cross-reactivity studies confirmed the classification of Thailand virus (THAIV) as a distinct hantavirus species. The examination of sera from 402 rodents trapped in 19 provinces of Thailand revealed that five greater bandicoot rats (Bandicota indica) and one lesser bandicoot rat (B. savilei) from four provinces were focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) antibody-positive for THAIV. One of 260 patients from Surin province in Thailand (initially suspected of having contracted leptospirosis, but found to be negative) showed symptoms compatible with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The serum of this patient showed high titers of hantavirus-reactive IgM and IgG. FRNT investigations confirmed virus-neutralizing antibodies against THAIV. These observations suggest that THAIV or THAI-like viruses occur throughout Indochina and may represent an additional causative agent of HFRS. 相似文献
118.
Uebersax L Fedele DE Schumacher C Kaplan DL Merkle HP Boison D Meinel L 《Biomaterials》2006,27(26):4599-4607
Adenosine kinase deficient (Adk-/-) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) encapsulated in synthetic polymers have previously been shown to provide therapeutic adenosine release and transient seizure suppression in epileptic rats. Here we explored the utility of biopolymer-substrates to promote long-term adenosine release from Adk-/- ESCs. Three different substrates were studied: (1) type I collagen (Col-1), (2) silk-fibroin (SF), and (3) poly(L-ornithine) (PO) coated tissue culture plastic. Adk-/- or wild type (wt) ESC-derived glial precursor cells were seeded on the substrates and cultured either in proliferation medium containing growth factors or in differentiation medium devoid of growth factors. In proliferation medium cell proliferation was higher and metabolic activity lower on Col-1 and PO substrates as compared to SF. Cells from both genotypes readily differentiated into astrocytes after growth factor removal on all substrates. Adk-/- cells cultured on biopolymers released significantly more adenosine than their wt counterparts at all developmental stages. Adenosine release was similar on SF and PO substrates and the amounts released from Adk-/- cells (>20 ng/ml) were considered to be of therapeutic relevance. Taken together, these results suggest that silk matrices are particularly suitable biomaterials for ESC encapsulation and for the design of adenosine releasing bioincubators for the treatment of epilepsy. 相似文献
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120.
Oliver Bruder Anja Wagner Massimo Lombardi Jürg Schwitter Albert van Rossum Günter Pilz Detlev Nothnagel Henning Steen Steffen Petersen Eike Nagel Sanjay Prasad Julia Schumm Simon Greulich Alessandro Cagnolo Pierre Monney Christina C Deluigi Thorsten Dill Herbert Frank Georg Sabin Steffen Schneider Heiko Mahrholdt 《Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance》2013,15(1):9