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排序方式: 共有278条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Alex Guttman MD Marc Afilalo MD Antoinette Colacone BSc Harvey Kreisman MD Jerrald Dankoff MD Asthma ED Study Group 《Academic emergency medicine》1997,4(2):100-106
Objective : To compare the efficacy of high-dose inhaled steroids in conjunction with IV steroids with that of IV steroids alone in the emergency treatment for acute asthma.
Methods : A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted on 60 ED patients presenting with acute asthma. All patients received nebulized salbutamol, and IV methylprednisolone, 80 mg at baseline and 40 mg at 6 hours. In addition to the above therapy, the experimental group received beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) 7 mg over 8 hours via a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) attached to a holding chamber, while the control group received a placebo administered in the same fashion. Patients were treated on the protocol for 12 hours with the primary outcome measure being the change in % predicted FEV1 .
Results : Of 60 patients, 30 were randomized to BDP (age: 42 ± 16 years; FEV1 : 0.97 ± 0.42 L) and 30 were randomized to placebo (age: 37 ± 18 years; FEV1 : 0.98 ± 0.35 L). Spirometry and dyspnea measured by the Borg Scale improved significantly in both groups compared with baseline (p < 0.001). Changes in spirometry measures, dyspnea, and vital signs did not differ between treatment groups over the 12 hours of study (p > 0.05).
Conclusion : Inhaled BDP added to the standard regimen of IV methylprednisolone, and β-agonist did not further improve flow rates or dyspnea scores measured for up to 12 hours after presentation to the ED. 相似文献
Methods : A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted on 60 ED patients presenting with acute asthma. All patients received nebulized salbutamol, and IV methylprednisolone, 80 mg at baseline and 40 mg at 6 hours. In addition to the above therapy, the experimental group received beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) 7 mg over 8 hours via a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) attached to a holding chamber, while the control group received a placebo administered in the same fashion. Patients were treated on the protocol for 12 hours with the primary outcome measure being the change in % predicted FEV
Results : Of 60 patients, 30 were randomized to BDP (age: 42 ± 16 years; FEV
Conclusion : Inhaled BDP added to the standard regimen of IV methylprednisolone, and β-agonist did not further improve flow rates or dyspnea scores measured for up to 12 hours after presentation to the ED. 相似文献
92.
A. R
ED 《Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)》1994,150(4):389-395
The membrane ‘labilizer’ veratridine (3.7 ± 10-6 m) which potentiates the contractions at twitch (0.1 Hz) stimulation due to multiple discharges, inhibited the tetanic contractions (50 Hz in 10 s) and the simultaneously recorded electromyogram in a use-dependent way, leading to fading of tetanic tension. The effect was equal during indirect and direct stimulation, and could therefore be localized to the excitable sarcolemma. This was confirmed by intracellular recording of action potentials, showing a marked veratridine-induced fallout of action potentials during continuous 50 Hz stimulation, whereas endplate potentials were unaffected. Accordingly, veratridine probably caused a use-dependent inhibition of the Na+ channels of the excitable sarcolemma. The tetanic fade was unaffected by K+ depolarization, increased by hyperpolarization in K+-free solution, and decreased by high Ca2+. All these changes of the ionic concentrations inhibited the twitch potentiating effect of veratridine. Since hyperpolarization and increasing the electric field in the membrane with high Ca,+ had opposite effects on the tetanic fade, the field change was probably not the cause of the antagonism in high Ca2+. Instead, a membrane stabilizing effect of high Ca2+ is suggested, since the neutral local anaesthetic benzocaine (1.5 ± 10-4 m), which is also a membrane stabilizing drug, had the same effects as high Ca2+ on the veratridine-induced tetanic fade. The effect of veratrine during tetanic stimulation was partly reversible upon washing. The reversibility was enhanced by high Ca2+ or benzocaine. 相似文献
93.
KS Tai J Brockwell FL Chan ED Janus KSL Lam 《Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology》1995,39(1):61-65
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a rare familial sterol storage disease with accumulation of cholestanol and cholesterol particularly in xanthomas, bile and brain. Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful modality for imaging the affected tissues. It contributes to the evaluation and management of the disease. 相似文献
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Fefer A; Cheever MA; Thomas ED; Appelbaum FR; Buckner CD; Clift RA; Glucksberg H; Greenberg PD; Johnson FL; Kaplan HG; Sanders JE; Storb R; Weiden PL 《Blood》1981,57(3):421-430
Thirty-four patients aged 4-67 yr (median 17) with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (18 patients) or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) (16 patients) who failed to enter complete remission (CR) or relapsed on conventional chemotherapy were treated with cyclophosphamide (CY), 60 mg/kg/day for 2 days, 1000 rad total body irradiation, and a marrow transplant from a genotypically identical normal twin. Sixteen of the patients received additional chemotherapy within the week before CY. After the transplant, 23 patients received immunotherapy consisting of killed autologous leukemic cells and/or normal twin peripheral blood lymphocytes, 16 as part of a prospectively randomized study. One moribund patient died before engraftment. Nine patients (6 ALL, 3 ANL) continued to have detectable leukemic cells. Twenty-four patients (70%) achieved CR. One of them died of viral hepatitis at 1 mo and another of viral interstitial pneumonitis at 4 mo in CR. Fourteen patients (7 ALL, 7 ANL) relapsed 2-16 mo (median 4) after transplantation. However, 8 patients (24%) (3 ALL, 5 ANL) remain in CR without any maintenance chemotherapy at 29-103 mo (median 80) after the transplant. The end results were not signficantly influenced by the type of leukemia, the immediated pre-CY chemotherapy, or the immunotherapy. The results show that this approach, even when applied to endstage patients with acute leukemia in relapse, causes tolerable morbidity, rare nonleukemic deaths, and frequent remissions, some of which represent cures. 相似文献
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The technical specifications and the operation of two atrial synchronous ventricular inhibited (ASVIP) pacemaker designs are described along with the results of clinical evaluation of these pacemakers in 30 patients. Clinical advantages of such pacemakers are contrasted with the performance of A-V sequential (DVI) and atrial synchronous (VAT) systems. 相似文献
100.
The mechanism of white cell (WBC) retention by synthetic fiber-based WBC filters was studied. Filters were made of nonwoven fleece prepared from polyester, surface-modified polyester, or polypropylene fibers. Human platelet concentrates were filtered through experimental filters consisting of 8 to 54 layers of nonwoven fleece with mean pore sizes from 7.3 to 14.2 microns. Filters made of fleece of smaller pore size removed WBCs less effectively than filters with larger-pore fleece. Retention of lymphocytes and granulocytes gradually dropped to 0 percent as increasing loads were applied to the filters. The maximal retention capacity for these cell types (i.e., the number of cells retained when "saturating" numbers of WBCs were applied) was proportional to the number of layers of filter material used. Platelet retention did not correlate with WBC retention. Depth filtration, rather than mechanical sieving, seems to be the principal means of WBC removal by nonwoven fiber filters. A low initial number of WBCs in the component to be filtered is important for successful WBC filtration. 相似文献