全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5645篇 |
免费 | 377篇 |
国内免费 | 43篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 34篇 |
儿科学 | 173篇 |
妇产科学 | 69篇 |
基础医学 | 966篇 |
口腔科学 | 134篇 |
临床医学 | 377篇 |
内科学 | 1369篇 |
皮肤病学 | 188篇 |
神经病学 | 484篇 |
特种医学 | 201篇 |
外科学 | 591篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
预防医学 | 237篇 |
眼科学 | 210篇 |
药学 | 431篇 |
中国医学 | 20篇 |
肿瘤学 | 569篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 42篇 |
2022年 | 84篇 |
2021年 | 180篇 |
2020年 | 87篇 |
2019年 | 90篇 |
2018年 | 161篇 |
2017年 | 134篇 |
2016年 | 146篇 |
2015年 | 152篇 |
2014年 | 225篇 |
2013年 | 239篇 |
2012年 | 351篇 |
2011年 | 447篇 |
2010年 | 260篇 |
2009年 | 214篇 |
2008年 | 398篇 |
2007年 | 422篇 |
2006年 | 400篇 |
2005年 | 434篇 |
2004年 | 357篇 |
2003年 | 340篇 |
2002年 | 347篇 |
2001年 | 42篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 54篇 |
1998年 | 55篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 42篇 |
1995年 | 35篇 |
1994年 | 47篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 17篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有6065条查询结果,搜索用时 703 毫秒
71.
Minoru Hojo Naoko Momotani Noriko Ikeda Akihiko Ueda Kuniko Uno Takashi Ishikita Akira Ishiguro Toshikazu Shimbo 《Pediatrics international》1998,40(5):483-485
Abstract We report here a case of neonatal hyperthyroidism born to a mother, whose pregnancy was complicated by poorly controlled Graves' disease. The patient demonstrated exophthalmos and marked goiter at birth, indicating the existence of thyrotoxicosis in utero. The mother's Graves' disease was well controlled in the third trimester, resulting in a slightly lower level of free thyroxine (FT4 ) in the umbilical cord blood serum; however, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was undetectable. Thyroid-stimulating hormone remained undetectable for 2 months, while FT4 levels varied in the course. This case suggests that severe and prolonged thyrotoxicosis in utero, due to poor control of pregnancy with Graves' disease, might induce unresponsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary system in the newborn. 相似文献
72.
Noriko Hosoya Kiyoshi Miyagawa Kinuko Mitani Yoshio Yazaki Hisamaru Hirai 《Cancer science》1998,89(8):821-824
The WT1 tumor suppressor gene was examined for mutations in a panel of 44 patients with myelo-dysplastic syndromes (MDS) including acute myelogenous leukemias (AML) secondary to MDS, using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis and sequencing analysis. A WT1 mutation was detected in one out of 17 cases of AML secondary to MDS. This mutation exists upstream of the zinc finger region and is predicted to produce a truncated WT1 protein lacking the zinc finger region. No mutations were detected in 27 MDS patients who had not progressed to AML. This is the first report of analysis for WT1 mutations in a large number of MDS patients, suggesting that WT1 mutations are uncommon in MDS. Abnormalities in this gene may, however, contribute to a small proportion of cases showing progression from MDS into AML. 相似文献
73.
Nationwide survey on complementary and alternative medicine in cancer patients in Japan. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ichinosuke Hyodo Noriko Amano Kenji Eguchi Masaru Narabayashi Jiro Imanishi Midori Hirai Tomohito Nakano Shigemitsu Takashima 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(12):2645-2654
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by patients with cancer in Japan, and to compare the characteristics of CAM users and CAM nonusers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A questionnaire on cancer CAM and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were delivered to 6,607 patients who were treated in 16 cancer centers and 40 palliative care units. RESULTS: There were 3,461 available replies for a response rate of 52.4%. The prevalence of CAM use was 44.6% (1,382 of 3,100) in cancer patients and 25.5% (92 of 361) in noncancer patients with benign tumors. Multiple logistic regression analysis determined that history of chemotherapy, institute (palliative care units), higher education, an altered outlook on life after cancer diagnosis, primary cancer site, and younger age were strongly associated with CAM use in cancer patients. Most of the CAM users with cancer (96.2%) used products such as mushrooms, herbs, and shark cartilage. The motivation for most CAM use was recommendation from family members or friends (77.7%) rather than personal choice (23.3%). Positive effects were experienced by 24.3% of CAM users with cancer, although all of them received conventional cancer therapy concurrently. Adverse reactions were reported by 5.3% of cancer patients. CAM products were used without sufficient information by 57.3% of users with cancer and without a consultation with a doctor by 60.7% of users. CONCLUSION: This survey revealed a high prevalence of CAM use among cancer patients, without sufficient information or consultation with their physicians. Oncologists should not ignore the CAM products used by their patients because of a lack of proven efficacy and safety. 相似文献
74.
75.
76.
77.
4‐(4‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐2‐butanol (rhododendrol)‐induced melanocyte cytotoxicity is enhanced by UVB exposure through generation of oxidative stress
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Experimental dermatology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Noriko Goto Mariko Tsujimoto Hiroshi Nagai Taro Masaki Shosuke Ito Kazumasa Wakamatsu Chikako Nishigori 《Experimental dermatology》2018,27(7):754-762
4‐(4‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐2‐butanol (rhododendrol, RD), a skin‐whitening agent, was reported to cause skin depigmentation in some users, which is attributed to its cytotoxicity to melanocyte. It was reported that cytotoxicity to melanocyte is possibly mediated by oxidative stress in a tyrosinase activity‐dependent manner. We examined the effect of UV radiation (UVR) on RD‐induced melanocyte cytotoxicity as an additional aggravating factor. UVR enhanced RD‐induced cytotoxicity in normal human epidermal melanocytes (NHEMs) via the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Increased generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected. Pretreatment with N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC), antioxidant and precursor of glutathione significantly attenuated ER stress‐induced cytotoxicity in NHEMs treated with RD and UVR. Increase in cysteinyl‐RD‐catechol and RD‐pheomelanin in NHEMs treated with RD and UVR suggested that, after UVR excitation, RD or RD metabolites are potent ROS‐generating substances and that the tendency to produce RD‐pheomelanin during melanogenesis amplifies ROS generation in melanocytes. Our results help to elucidate the development mechanisms of RD‐induced leukoderma and provide information for innovation of safe skin‐whitening compounds. 相似文献
78.
Yuki Kato Koichi Masuno Kae Fujisawa Noriko Tsuchiya Mikinori Torii Atsuko Hishikawa Takeshi Izawa Mitsuru Kuwamura Jyoji Yamate 《Experimental and toxicologic pathology》2017,69(7):413-423
We herein investigated the histopathological features, including proliferative activity and immunoexpression, of pancreatic islet cell tumors (ICTs) in male SD rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA), and discussed their relevance to biological behaviors and prognoses. A total of 70 and 43% of rats developed ICTs 37–45 weeks after the treatment with STZ (50 or 75 mg/kg, i.v.) and NA (350 mg/kg, twice, p.o.), respectively. Among the islet tumors observed in the STZ/NA-treated groups, 75% were adenomas, while 25% were carcinomas. Most STZ/NA-induced carcinomas were characterized by well-differentiated tumor cells with/without local invasion into the surrounding tissues, and weak proliferative activity. No outcome such as distance metastasis and death was noted. All of the ICTs strongly expressed insulin, part of which had hormone productivity; however there were no hypoglycemia-related clinical signs such as convulsion in these rats 36 weeks after the treatment. These results suggested that rat ICTs induced STZ/NA have small impact on biological activity or prognosis. STZ/NA treatment significantly increased of focal proliferative lesions in the kidney, liver and adrenal glands other than pancreatic islets. Of the STZ/NA-induced kidney tumors, more than 60% were renal cell adenomas, and many of them were basophilic type. The incidence of eosinophilic or clear cell type of tumors was less than 10%, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that many of the STZ/NA-induced basophilic type of renal tumors were derived from proximal tubules, whereas the clear cell and eosinophilic types were derived from collecting tubules. 相似文献
79.
80.
Noriko I. Tanaka Madoka Ogawa Akito Yoshiko Hiroshi Akima 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2021,47(3):376-385
This study examined the validity of extended-field-of-view (EFOV) ultrasound imaging for evaluating the quantity (cross-sectional area [CSA]) and quality (accumulation of intramuscular fat) of trunk skeletal muscles (rectus abdominis, abdominal oblique and erector spinae) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a reference. Thirty healthy young men participated in this study. Cross-sectional images of the trunk at the height of the third lumbar vertebra were acquired and compared by EFOV ultrasound imaging and MRI. No significant differences were observed in CSAs between the two methods (0.74 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.85). Echo intensities significantly correlated with MRI-derived accumulation of intramuscular fat in each skeletal muscle group. However, the correlation coefficients were relatively low (0.37 ≤ r ≤0.47; p < 0.05). These results indicate that EFOV ultrasound imaging is a reliable method for assessing trunk skeletal muscle CSA. Further research is warranted to find the optimal ultrasound setting for evaluating muscle quality. 相似文献