6q deletions define distinct clinico-pathologic subsets of non- Hodgkin's lymphoma

Commonly observed in lymphoid neoplasms, deletions of 6q have been correlated with histologic and clinical subsets of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Our recent analysis of loss of heterozygosity of 6q loci in NHL showed two regions of minimal molecular deletion (RMD), an RMD1 at 6q25-27 and an RMD2 at 6q21-23. To establish correlations between these RMDs and regions of minimal cytogenetic deletions (RCDs) on 6q, and to define associations between RCDs and clinico-pathologic features, we have analyzed chromosome 6 abnormalities in 459 consecutively ascertained, karyotypically abnormal cases of NHL. Among these, 126 (27.5%) cases had structural abnormalities of chromosome 6, of which 94 were deletions. Analysis of these deletions identified three RCDs. An RCD1 encompassing 6q25-27 was seen in 45 intermediate- grade NHL. An RCD2 at 6q21 was observed in 11 high-grade NHL, 9 of which were of the immunoblastic subtype. An RCD3 at 6q23 was noted in 18 low-grade NHL lacking a t(14;18) translocation. Of these 18 cases, 12 were small lymphocytic NHL and, in 2 of these, del(6q) was the sole karyotypic abnormality. In 20 cases of low-grade NHL with t(14;18), the deletions spanned both RCD1 and RCD3. These data suggested the presence of at least 3 tumor suppressor genes on 6q within RCD1, RCD2, and RCD3; they also showed associations between RCDs in 6q and subsets of NHL, including a specific association between a group of well-differentiated lymphoid neoplasms and RCD3. The apparent heterogeneity of breakpoints when all NHLs are considered together explains the inability of previous studies to reliably establish correlations between recurring 6q deletions and histologic and clinical features of NHL.     

截石位手术床腿架万向移动装置的研制

目的：设计一种调节方便,升降安全的截石位手术床腿架。方法：将气弹簧结构应用于截石位腿架中,进行腿架的升降调节,取代原有的通过拧螺丝调节的方法,并将新型腿架应用于泌尿外科80例截石位手术中。结果：此新型腿架单人操作即可,升降调节时无需将患者腿部抬起,操作方便、节省人力,80例手术无1例发生腿部滑落,操作者使用后效果满意。结论：此新型专利解决了截石位腿架调整操作费力及存在安全隐患的问题,值得临床推广使用。     

Prevalence of Candida spp., xerostomia,and hyposalivation in oral lichen planus – A controlled study

Objective

To determine the frequency of Candida spp., xerostomia, and salivary flow rate (SFR) in three different groups: patients with OLP (OLP group), patients with oral mucosal lesions other than OLP (non‐OLP group), and subjects without oral mucosal lesions (control group).

Material and methods

Xerostomia as well as SFR was investigated in the three groups. Samples for isolation of Candida spp. were collected from OLP lesions (38 patients), non‐OLP lesions (28 patients), and healthy subjects (32 subjects).

Results

There was no statistically significant difference regarding the frequency of xerostomia and hyposalivation among the three groups (P > 0.05). A higher prevalence for colonization by Candida spp. was found in the healthy subject as compared to that of patients with OLP (P = 0.03) and non‐OLP (P = 0.02) groups. Low SFR was not a factor for colonization by Candida spp.

Conclusions

Xerostomia and hyposalivation occur with similar frequency in subjects with and without oral lesions; also, the presence of oral lesions does not increase the susceptibility to colonization by Candida spp. It seems that any study implicating Candida spp. in the malignant transformation of oral lesions should be carried out mostly on a biochemical basis, that is, by testing the capability of Candida spp. to produce carcinogenic enzyme.     

B超引导下臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的效果及安全性

目的研究B超引导下臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的临床效果及安全性。方法将本院行上肢手术的90例患者随机分为对照组(n=48)和B超引导组(n=42)。对照组以盲探的方法行臂丛神经阻滞麻醉,B超引导组在B型超声仪引导下行臂丛神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组的麻醉效果。结果B超引导组感觉阻滞起效时间、麻醉药物使用剂量均优于对照组,但麻醉操作时间长于对照组(P<0.05)。B超引导组不同臂丛神经的感觉阻滞完善率均高于对照组,并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论与盲探法相比,B超引导下行臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的麻醉操作时间虽然有所延长,然而麻醉效果佳,能够缩短感觉阻滞起效时间、减少麻醉药物用量,且安全性好。     

Associations of Serum Folate and Holotranscobalamin with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Rural and Urban Cameroon

A low intake of fruit and vegetables and a high intake of meat are associated with higher cardiometabolic disease risk; however much prior research has relied on subjective methods for dietary assessment and focused on Western populations. We aimed to investigate the association of blood folate as an objective marker of fruit and vegetable intake and holotranscobalamin (holoTC) as a marker of animal-sourced food intake with cardiometabolic risk factors. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on 578 adults (mean ± SD age = 38.2 ± 8.6 years; 64% women). The primary outcome was a continuous metabolic syndrome score. The median serum folate was 12.9 (IQR: 8.6–20.5) nmol/L and the mean holoTC was 75 (SD: 34.3) pmol/L. Rural residents demonstrated higher serum folate concentrations (15.9 (9.8–25.9) nmol/L) than urban residents (11.3 (7.9–15.8) nmol/L), but lower holoTC concentrations (rural: 69.8 (32.9) pmol/L; urban: 79.8 (34.9)) pmol/L, p < 0.001 for both comparisons. There was an inverse association between serum folate and metabolic syndrome score by −0.20 in the z-score (95% CI, −0.38 to −0.02) per 10.8 (1 SD) of folate) in a model adjusted for socio-demographic factors, smoking status, alcohol intake, BMI, and physical activity. HoloTC was positively associated with the metabolic syndrome score in unadjusted analysis (0.33 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.56)) but became non-significant (0.17 (−0.05 to 0.39)) after adjusting for socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. In conclusion, serum folate and holoTC were associated with the metabolic syndrome score in opposite directions. The positive association between serum holoTC and the metabolic syndrome score was partly dependent on sociodemographic characteristics. These findings suggest that, based on these biomarkers reflecting dietary intakes, public health approaches promoting a higher intake of fruit and vegetables may lower cardiometabolic risk factors in this population.     

鼻内镜下咽鼓管置管术治疗分泌性中耳炎

目的探索有效治疗分泌性中耳炎的方法。方法将分泌性中耳炎患者63例（78耳）随机分成两组：实验组：在鼻内镜下,对31例（38耳）分泌性中耳炎患者行咽鼓管置管术,留管并反复注药治疗;对照组：对32例（40耳）患者使用传统的鼓膜切开置管术治疗,术后随访6～9个月,比较两组疗效。结果实验组治愈16耳,占42．1％,好转18耳,占47．4％,总有效率89．5％：对照组：治愈8耳,占20．0％,好转21耳,占52.5％,总有效率72．5％。治疗后两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论在鼻内镜下行咽鼓管置管术是在直视下操作,通过咽鼓管的自然通道插入导管,不仅避免了损伤鼓膜,也避免了咽鼓管吹张的重复操作,为临床治疗分泌性中耳炎提供了一个良好途径。     

大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌的基因芯片检测

目的 研究基因组芯片检测大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌分子机制的方法 .方法 使用的鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组芯片包含4005条鼠疫耶尔森菌基囚.应用液体稀释法测定大黄对鼠疫耶尔森菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC),基因芯片表达谱实验中,大黄作用鼠疫耶尔森菌的浓度为10×MIC,作用时间为30 min,提取并纯化鼠疫耶尔森菌总RNA,反转录合成cDNA,用Cy3,Cy5染料标记后,与鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组芯片杂交,通过芯片扫描仪获得表达谱分析结果 .应用实时定量PCR技术对芯片结果 进行验证.结果 大黄对鼠疫耶尔森菌的MIC为0.02500 kg/L.获得了大黄作用鼠疫耶尔森菌的基因芯片表达谱.大黄作用鼠疫菌的明显差异表达基凶共有498个,上渊基闪358个,下凋基因140个.结论 应用鼠疫耶尔森菌全基因组DNA芯片可以进行大黄抑制鼠疫耶尔森菌的分子作用机制研究.     

左腋动脉和臂丛神经走行变异1例

笔者在标本解剖操作观察腋窝结构时发现1例左侧腋动脉与臂丛神经位置及走行出现变异,既往文献报道的变异多为腋动脉发出的分支与臂丛神经之间的位置与走行之间变异^[1-3],本次解剖观察发现腋动脉与臂丛神经的内侧束、外侧束和后束之间的位置关系出现变异,与既往报道有所不同,现报告如下。