诺如病毒酶联免疫检测试剂盒效果的研究

目的 比较RIDASCREEN Norovirus 3rdGeneration kit(R-biopham AG,darmstadt,Germany)(必发试剂盒)与IDEIA NLV kit(DAKOCytomation.,Ely,UK)(dako试剂盒)两试剂盒检测诺如病毒效果.方法 用此两种试剂盒以及RT-PGR方法 对长春和广州两地的308份腹泻患儿粪便标本各检测一遍.对RT-PCR阳性标本进行基因测序、序列对比以确定型别.结果 以RT-PCR方法 为金标准,必发试剂盒的灵敏度和特异度分别是96.10%和93.51%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值是83.14%和98.63%;dako试剂盒的灵敏度和特异度分别是95.83%和95.76%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值是87.34%和98.69%.结论 必发试剂盒因为具有满意的灵敏度和较好的特异度,应该成为ELLSA检测的首选.     

PCR-RFLP based molecular typing of enteroviruses isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in Korea

Summary.  We have evaluated PCR–RFLP as a practical method for rapid typing of enteroviruses causing aseptic meningitis in Korea. Through blind examination of 80 clinical isolates from patients with aseptic meningitis, we have compared the results of conventional serotyping with PCR–RFLP based genotyping, which was developed for this study. Among the 80 case isolates, which had been previously typed by routine neutralization test, only 42 cases (52.5%) were matched with typing by PCR–RFLP. The result clearly demonstrated that the enterovirus serotype does not coincide with the genotype. Therefore, the classification of enteroviruses by genotyping with PCR–RFLP, although rapid and simple, may be complicated by regional or seasonal differences. However, the PCR–RFLP method developed in this study is applicable to the epidemiological study of enteroviruses when regional or seasonal differences exist, and is useful in identifying the source of an infection. Received August 6, 2001; accepted April 15, 2002 Published online July 10, 2002     

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of trimebutine and its major metabolite, N-monodesmethyl trimebutine, in rat and human plasma

A rapid, selective and very sensitive ion-pairing reversed-phase HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of trimebutine (TMB) and its major metabolite, N-monodesmethyltrimebutine (NDTMB), in rat and human plasma. Heptanesulfonate was employed as the ion-pairing agent and verapamil was used as the internal standard. The method involved the extraction with a n-hexane-isopropylalcohol (IPA) mixture (99:1, v/v) followed by back-extraction into 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and evaporation to dryness. HPLC analysis was carried out using a 4-microm particle size, C18-bonded silica column and water-sodium acetate-heptanesulfonate-acetonitrile as the mobile phase and UV detection at 267 nm. The chromatograms showed good resolution and sensitivity and no interference of plasma. The mean recoveries for human plasma were 95.4+/-3.1% for TMB and 89.4+/-4.1% for NDTMB. The detection limits of TMB and its metabolite, NDTMB, in human plasma were 1 and 5 ng/ml, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range 10-5000 ng/ml for TMB and 25-25000 ng/ml for NDTMB with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999 and with within-day or between-day coefficients of variation not exceeding 9.4%. This assay procedure was applied to the study of metabolite pharmacokinetics of TMB in rat and the human.     

抗慢性B淋巴细胞白血病患者IgM单抗相对亲和力的分析

本文采用间接ELISA法检测了11株抗B-CLL患者IgM腹水和杂交瘤上清McAb的相对亲和力。结果提示,各株McAb结合抗原的相对亲和力不同。根据50％最大结合浓度分为两组。其中4株杂交瘤上清McAb与纯化腹水McAb测得结果基本吻合。实验结果为合理地选用这些单抗提供了重要依据。     

分枝杆菌噬菌体D29气溶胶特性的研究

目的 为了研究噬菌体D29气溶胶吸入治疗结核分枝杆菌的可行性,测试了噬菌体D29耐雾化能力、喷雾量、气溶胶粒径等气溶胶特性参数.方法 负压实验室气雾柜内发生噬菌体D29气溶胶,TSI3321气溶胶粒径分析仪测试了气溶胶空气动力学直径.Anderson六级空气微生物采样器测试了生物粒子气溶胶中值直径.据雾化前后噬菌体D29的浓度变化及体积变化得到噬菌体D29的雾化时间存活率和雾化量.结果 噬菌体D29气溶胶空气动力学直径为0.872 μm,生物粒子气溶胶中值直径为2.21 μm.噬菌体D29在雾化5、15、30、45、60 min后的存活率分别为89.78%、77.19%、48.86%、33.99%、30.12%.气溶胶的雾化量为232 μl/min.结论 噬菌体D29气溶胶粒径、耐雾化能力及喷雾量等气溶胶参数可以进一步进行动物气溶胶吸入治疗结核分枝杆菌感染方面的研究.     

初三学生成就动机与学业成绩的关系研究

编制中学生成就动机量表 ,考察 2 86名初三学生的成就动机状况。运用逐步回归分析探讨成就目标、归因方式、自我效能与学业成绩的关系 ,并对成就目标进行自我效能和归因方式的回归分析。结果表明 :影响初三学生学业成绩的主要成就动机因素是自我效能、表现目标、能力归因和掌握目标 ,努力归因、运气归因和自我效能是影响初三学生成就目标的主要因素 ,客观因素归因也会影响表现目标。对研究结果进行本土化思考 ,建构中学生成就动机的理想模型     

Hypoxia can contribute to the induction of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic cycle.

BACKGROUND: Like other herpes viruses, latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection can be reactivated to lytic replication. Reactivation can be achieved by treatment with various reagents, including tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) and Ca2+ ionophores. Relatively little is known about the physiological factors related to reactivation of EBV. Previous studies have demonstrated that G0/G1 cell cycle arrest is associated with EBV activation, and that hypoxic conditions can induce cell cycle arrest. In the present study we investigated the effect of hypoxia on reactivation of EBV. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Hypoxic culture conditions were established and the expression of Zta protein and the number of EBV DNA copies were measured in B95-8 cells maintained under these conditions. RESULTS: Hypoxia treatment not only increased the expression of the EBV immediate-early protein Zta (which mediates the switch between the latent and lytic form of infection), but also increased the number of EBV DNA copies in B95-8 cells. CONCLUSIONS: EBV in latent infection can be activated to lytic infection by hypoxia treatment.     

NG-硝基-L-精氨酸对大鼠内毒素性肺线粒体损伤的影响

目的： 观察非选择性一氧化氮合酶(NOS)抑制剂NG-硝基-L-精氨酸(L-NA)对急性肺损伤大鼠肺线粒体功能的影响，并探讨其改善急性肺损伤的作用机制。方法: 将SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、急性肺损伤组、L-NA治疗组，采用舌静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)复制大鼠急性肺损伤模型，于大鼠急性肺损伤3h后给L-NA治疗3h，断头放血处死大鼠，迅速取出肺脏，匀浆器混匀后，低温差速离心法提取肺线粒体，测定线粒体总ATP酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、总一氧化氮合酶（T-NOS）、诱生型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、结构型一氧化氮合酶（cNOS）的活性，以及线粒体肿胀度、膜流动性和线粒体一氧化氮（NO）、丙二醛（MDA）含量；电镜观察大鼠肺线粒体超微结构的改变及治疗药对此改变的影响。结果: 在大鼠内毒素性急性肺损伤后，肺脏组织中线粒体表现为肿胀、膜流动性降低，线粒体中的T-NOS和iNOS活性显著升高，线粒体NO生成明显增加，而cNOS活性无明显变化；线粒体总ATP酶、SOD、GSH-Px活性均明显下降，线粒体MDA含量明显升高。急性肺损伤3h给予L-NA治疗3h,与急性肺损伤组相比，一氧化氮合酶活性有所改变，NO生成显著下降，总ATP酶、SOD、GSH-Px活性均显著升高，MDA含量下降。电镜结果显示内毒素性急性肺损伤后肺脏组织细胞水肿，线粒体肿胀、嵴断裂、溶解、消失；L-NA能改善内毒素性急性肺损伤引起的细胞水肿、线粒体肿胀和空泡化。结论: L-NA能明显抑制急性肺损伤后线粒体一氧化氮合酶活性，减少NO生成，改善线粒体能量供应，增加线粒体抗氧化作用，从而减轻急性肺损伤。     

A pilot study of bortezomib in Korean patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma

Recent clinical trials showed that bortezomib, a novel proteasome inhibitor, had therapeutic activity in multiple myeloma. However, there was no data about the feasibility of bortezomib in Korean patients. We performed a pilot study of bortezomib in patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma (1.3 mg/m2 twice weekly for 2 week in a 3-week cycle). Seven patients were enrolled. The median age of patients was 59 yr. All patients previously received VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone) and thalidomide chemotherapy. Three patients previously received alkylator-containing chemotherapy and 4 patients, autologous stem cell transplantation. Bortezomib monotherapy resulted in 3 partial remissions (43%), 3 no changes (43%) and 1 progressive disease (14%). One patient who had no response to bortezomib monotherapy experienced partial remission after addition of dexamethasone to bortezomib. The most common serious toxicity was thrombocytopenia (grade 3/4, 10 of 20 cycles (50%)) and grade 3 peripheral neuropathy was developed in 2 of 20 cycles (10%). Drug-related adverse event led to discontinuation of bortezomib in 1 patient. There was no treatment related mortality. Overall, bortezomib seems to be effective and feasible. Conduction of larger clinical studies on Korean patients is necessary to characterize clinical efficacy and safety of bortezomib more precisely.     

A solid-phase blocking ELISA for detection of antibodies to Nipah virus

A monoclonal antibody (MAb) based solid-phase blocking ELISA was developed for detection of antibodies to Nipah virus. The ELISA was designed to detect remaining antigens on the plate with anti-Nipah MAb conjugate after the reaction with sample serum, and enabled simple procedure, detection of neutralizing antibody to Nipah virus, and application of samples from different animal species. Forty of 200 swine reference sera examined were positive by the ELISA, of which thirty seven were found positive by serum neutralization test. Sera from a total of 131 fruit bats captured in Malaysia were also tested and all found negative by the both tests. It is considered that the solid-phase blocking ELISA can be used as a screening test for Nipah virus infection followed by the serum neutralization test as confirmatory test.