235例乳腺病变粗针吸微创性活检及免疫组织化学检测意义

目的评价乳腺病变粗针吸活检（CNB）方法，探讨CNB组织免疫组织化学检测的临床意义。方法对CNB后接受手术治疗的235例乳腺病变病理资料进行分析对比，对其中CNB诊断为浸润性癌后行术前化疗的87例进行p53、c-erbB-2、ER和PR免疫组织化学（SP法）检测，并与观测化疗后癌组织形态学变化结合分析。结果235例中CNB诊为乳腺癌者204例，与手术后病理良恶性符合率为100％；CNB诊为非浸润性癌中60％病例术后病理发现浸润性癌成分；CNB诊为不典型增生者中50％术后病理证实为癌；CNB组织与术后常规组织免疫组织化学表达阳性率一致，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；有、无化疗反应的病例p53、c-erbB-2表达差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；p53和c-erBb-2阳性病例多无明显化疗后形态学改变。结论CNB对乳腺病变是一种有效且创伤轻微的诊断方法，但它仍有一定局限性，用CNB组织做免疫组织化学检测有较为重要的临床意义。     

Mid-trimester abortion using prostaglandin E2 gel.

Nineteen cases of mid-trimester pregnancy were terminated using prostaglandin E2 gel applied intracervically. In this prospective study, 42% were primipara with gestational age at the time of abortion between 16 and 28 weeks. The induction to abortion time was 19.65 +/- 10.37 h with a success rate of 89%. The average number of applications was 1.8 times (range 1-3 times) and the average dosage of prostaglandin required was 5.5 mg (range 3-9 mg). The complications were minimal except retained placenta in 42% of cases. Prostaglandin E2 in form of gel applied intracervically is an effective alternative to the commonly used hypertonic saline or, more recently, to prostaglandin analogues for termination of pregnancy in the second trimester.     

基于网络环境下的教学设备管理信息系统

本文介绍了教学设备网络管理系统模型及其技术指标、软硬件环境、功能、程序设计和主要特点。     

Induced abortion in China and the advances of post abortion family planning service

<正>This is a review of current situation of induced abortion and post abortion family planning service in China. Induced abortion is an important issue in reproductive health. This article reviewed the distribution of induced abortion in various time, areas, and population in China, and explored the character, reason, and harm to reproductive health of induced abortion. Furthermore, this article introduces the concept of Quality of Care Program in Family Planning, and discusses how important and necessary it is to introduce Quality of Care Program in Family Planning to China.     

我国南丁格尔奖获得者社会成因分析

[目的]探讨家庭、学校与工作环境对我国南丁格尔奖获得者的成因影响，挖掘其中重要影响因素，为培养优秀护理人才提供参考。[方法]采用文献分析法进行研究。[结果]我国南丁格尔奖获得者家庭环境大多贫困，家庭类型以教师、医生等知识分子家庭居多；就读学校大多为治学严谨、校规严明的教会创办学校；工作单位最多6个，最少1个，平均1．98个；获得者83．72％来自综合类医院（其中32．56％获奖时已退休），16．28％来自专科类医院。88．37％参加过重大突发事件的护理工作；获奖前工作年限最长61年，最短10年，平均39．49年。[结论]家庭潜移默化；学校治学严谨、校规严明；工作单位多为综合类医院；绝大多数历经特殊事件磨炼。     

河豚鱼中毒15例的救治体会

目的探讨河豚鱼中毒的治疗方法及影响预后的因素。方法回顾性分析我院1996年1月-2006年4月收治的15例河豚鱼中毒的病例资料。结果15例均有恶心、呕吐，腹痛，口唇、舌尖、指端麻木，四肢乏力，外周血白细胞计数增高，肝功能损害5例，心电图可见房室传导阻滞6例。1例于中毒后16h死于呼吸循环衰竭。结论目前河豚鱼中毒尚无特效解毒剂，死亡率50％，死亡主要原因为脑干麻痹，导致呼吸循环衰竭。主张尽早清除毒物，应用维生素B1，B6，B12等以及士的宁注射治疗神经肌肉麻痹，有呼吸衰竭者尽快行气管插管机械通气辅助呼吸。     

儿童多米诺肝移植初步报告

目的探讨儿童多米诺肝移植的可行性和安全性。方法将一成人左外叶移植给家族性高胆固醇血症3岁男性患儿，同时采用多米诺肝移植技术将该患儿的肝脏移植给先天性胆道闭锁4个月女性患儿。结果家族性高胆固醇血症患儿的血清总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白于术后第三天降至正常范围，手术后第8天死于心力衰竭。先天性胆道闭锁患儿随访16个月，肝肾功能化验正常，血清总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白分别为8．87mmol／L和6．21mmol／L，明显低于多米诺供体患儿的术前水平。结论尽管术后多米诺受者出现获得性高胆固醇血症，但FHC可以作为多米诺供肝，近期效果满意，远期效果需进一步观察。     

A magnetic resonance imaging study of putamen nuclei in major depression.

The basal ganglia are recognized as putative mediators of certain cognitive and behavioral symptoms of major depression. Moreover, patients with basal ganglia lesions have repeatedly exhibited significant affective symptomatology, including apathy, depressive mood, and psychosis. Using high resolution, axial T2 intermediate magnetic resonance images, and a systematic sampling stereologic method, we assessed putamen nuclei volumes in 41 patients with major depression (DSM-III) and 44 healthy volunteer controls of similar age. Depressed patients had significantly smaller putamen nuclei compared with controls. Age was negatively correlated with putamen size in both groups. These results are the first demonstration of diminished putamen volumes in depression and further support a role for basal ganglia structures in the etiopathogenesis of depression.     

用固定化啤酒酵母细胞合成胞嘧啶核苷二磷酸胆碱

κ－卡拉胶－魔芋多糖复配胶包埋的啤酒酵母细胞，经冻融处理后用于合成胞嘧啶核苷二磷酸胆碱（CDP－胆碱）。结果表明：250mL摇瓶中加入50mL反应液（葡萄糖400mol/L，CMP10mmol/L，磷酸碍碱50mmol/L,K2HPO4-KH2PO4缓冲液100mmol/L，MgSO410mmol/L,pH=8.0），固定化细胞1200g/L,34℃、150r/min下，反应4h后补加400mmol/L葡萄糖，反应8h可使60％以上的CMP转化为CDP－胆碱。反应液经灭菌和添加辅酶I（NAD^ ）后，固定化细胞可连续使用4次，CDP－胆碱转化率维持在40％以上。     

B组轮状病毒WH-2株vp7基因的原核表达与抗体的制备

目的：在大肠杆菌中表达人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白并制备其兔抗血清。方法：根据B组轮状病毒（GBRV）WH-2株vp7基因的全序列设计引物,用PCR的方法扩增得到vp7基因的编码区。将其克隆到原核GST融合表达载体pGEX-KG内,转化大肠杆菌E.coliDH5α,IPTG诱导表达人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白,经SDS-PAGE分离纯化表达的蛋白免疫新西兰兔,制备人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白抗血清。结果：经鉴定确认,vp7基因以正确的方式插入到载体中,此重组表达载体经IPTG诱导后,可表达相对分子量为53.4 kDa的GST-VP7融合蛋白。制备的抗血清经同样诱导表达的表达载体pGEX-KG表达产物吸收后1：500倍稀释后用Western Blot分析,与53.4 kDa的GST-VP7融合蛋白获得特异性显色信号。结论：人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白成功在大肠杆菌中GST融合表达,所表达的蛋白和制备的抗体不但为研究结构与功能提供了物质基础,也为GBRV所引起的疾病预防、诊断和治疗等流行病学研究和临床诊断奠定了基础,具有重要实际应用价值。