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71.
Blinded clinical evaluation of positron emission tomography for diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
W J Powers J S Perlmutter T O Videen P Herscovitch L K Griffeth H D Royal B A Siegel J C Morris L Berg 《Neurology》1992,42(4):765-770
We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of positron emission tomography for diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease under conditions similar to those encountered in the routine clinical practice of nuclear medicine. We obtained tomographic images of regional cerebral blood flow from three groups of subjects: (1) 13 subjects, ages 69 to 84, who had probable Alzheimer's disease diagnosed by validated clinical criteria; (2) 15 subjects, ages 57 to 77, who had Parkinson's disease without dementia; and (3) 11 subjects, ages 65 to 83, who were normal. Three blinded reviewers, who had not previously seen the images, categorized them as normal, bilateral temporoparietal flow defects typical of Alzheimer's disease, or other abnormality. Consensus interpretation demonstrated sensitivity of 0.38 (5/13) and specificity of 0.88 (23/26) for identifying patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the criterion of bilateral temporoparietal reduction in cerebral blood flow used in this study did not have sufficient sensitivity to be of clinical value. While other criteria may be developed to improve diagnostic accuracy, clinical utility can be established only by testing for validity in patients with a full spectrum of complicating neurologic and psychiatric conditions for whom diagnosis is uncertain and who are then followed longitudinally to determine clinical outcome or pathologic findings. 相似文献
72.
73.
Physical activity and quality of life in older adults: Influence of health status and self-efficacy 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Edward McAuley Ph.D. James F. Konopack Ed.M. Robert W. Motl Ph.D. Katherine S. Morris B.A. Shawna E. Doerksen M.S. Karl R. Rosengren Ph.D. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2006,31(1):99-103
Background: Physical activity has been positively linked to quality of life (QOL) in older adults. Measures of health status and global
well-being represent common methods of assessing QOL outcomes, yet little has been done to determine the nature of the relationship
of these outcomes with physical activity.Purpose: We examined the roles played by physical activity, health status, and self-efficacy in global QOL (satisfaction with life)
in a sample of older Black and White women.Method: Participants (N = 249, M age = 68.12 years) completed multiple indicators of physical activity, self-efficacy, health status,
and QOL at baseline of a 24-month prospective trial. Structural equation modeling examined the fit of 3 models of the physical
activity and QOL relationship.Results: Analyses indicated that relationships between physical activity and QOL, self-efficacy and QOL were all indirect. Specifically,
physical activity influenced self-efficacy and QOL through physical and mental health status, which in turn influenced global
QOL.Conclusions: Our findings support a social cognitives model of physical activity’s relationship with QOL. Subsequent tests of hypothesized
relationships across time are recommended.
Funding for this study was provided by the National Institute on Aging (Grant AG 20118). We extend our sincere appreciation
to April Bell for all of her efforts on this project. 相似文献
74.
75.
76.
Heukrodt Carol; Powazek Morris; Brown Warren S.; Kennelly Denise; Imbus Charles; Robinson Herb; Schantz Stacy 《Journal of pediatric psychology》1988,13(2):223-236
The long-term effects of disease and treatment on electrophysiologicalmeasures of neurocognitive function were studied in childrenwho had survived acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for at least4 years and were currently in remission. We report here changesin cognitive processing time as shown by the latency of theP3 wave of the auditory event-related EEG potential (ERP). P3latency was significantly prolonged in long-term ALL surivors,as well as in patients successfully trreated for solid tumors(ST)outside the CNS who received similar chemotherapy but did notreceive prophylactic treatment to the CNS. P3 latencies werestrongly correlated with measures of school performance andIQ in these individuals. The similarity in P3 latency betweenthe ALL and ST groups suggests that the treatments used on thesepateints produce changes in electrophysiological responses thatare associated with mild, but significant, cognitive deficits. 相似文献
77.
78.
Base deficit stratifies mortality and determines therapy. 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of base deficit with mortality and other factors affecting mortality. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive samples of 3791 trauma patients admitted with an arterial blood gas sample taken in the first 24 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age, injury mechanism, head injury, shock (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg), Revised Trauma Score, TRISS probability of survival Ps, and mortality. RESULTS: Most (3038) patients (80.1%) exhibited a base deficit. Base deficit, age, injury mechanism, and head injury were associated with mortality using logistic regression. Age less than 55 years, no head injury, and a base deficit of -15 mmol/L were associated with 25% mortality. Age greater than or equal to 55 years with no head injury or age less than 55 years with a head injury and a base deficit of -8 mmol/L were associated with a 25% mortality. When shock was added to the model, all factors remained significant, and base deficit was supplemental to blood pressure. Base deficit also added significantly to the Revised Trauma Score and TRISS measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The base deficit is an expedient and sensitive measure of both the degree and the duration of inadequate perfusion. It is useful as a clinical tool and enhances the predictive ability of both the Revised Trauma Score and TRISS. 相似文献
79.
Disposal arrangements for second trimester fetuses 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
David Morris 《BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology》1988,95(6):545-546
80.
A. Mori S. Urabe M. Asada Y. Tanaka H. Tazaki I. Yamamoto N. Kimura T. Ozawa S. T. Morris R. Hickson P. R. Kenyon H. Blair C. B. Choi T. Arai 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2007,54(7):342-345
Concentrations of metabolites and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism were measured in plasma of Korean and Japanese beef cattle, which were raised by the indoor feeding system programmed to feed larger amount of roughage in their growing periods and larger amount of concentrate diet in their finishing periods (Japanese feeding system), and grazing New Zealand beef cattle. By the Japanese beef grading system, Korean and Japanese beef cattle showed high beef quality score, average grade 3.3 and 3.6, respectively. The plasma free fatty acid and lactate concentrations and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in Korean beef cattle were significantly higher than those in Japanese beef cattle. The plasma lactate concentration in Korean beef cattle was 8.40 mmol/l, which was similar to the values observed in lactic acidosis. The higher activities of plasma LDH, MDH and AST may indicate slight liver damage by slightly acidotic conditions in Korean beef cattle. New Zealand beef cattle fed on pasture which they harvest by grazing showed significantly lower plasma glucose, cholesterol, lactate and IRI concentrations and enzyme activities than those in Korean and Japanese beef cattle fed on larger amount of concentrate diets. Plasma metabolite concentrations and energy metabolism‐related enzyme activities may be good indicators for evaluating metabolic conditions of beef cattle raised by different feeding systems. 相似文献